Limbic response to psychosocial stress in schizotypy: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Soliman, Alexandra; O’Driscoll, Gillian A.; Pruessner, Jens C.; Joober, Ridha; Ditto, Blaine; Streicker, Elizabeth; Goldberg, Yael; Caro, Josie; Rekkas, P. Vivien; Dagher, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.05.016

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although there is some evidence of an association between altered dopaminergic neurotransmission and psychometrically identified schizotypy (Woodward et al, 2011), findings are less consistent than in frank psychosis, possibly due to high heterogeneity in the experimental designs and methods used (Mohr & Ettinger, 2014). Moreover, elevated stress‐induced dopamine release as measured with [ 11 C]raclopride PET (Soliman et al, 2008) and increased functional activation as measured with functional MRI (Soliman et al, 2011) in striatal regions in schizotypy has only been observed in relation to negative schizotypal features (reflecting the interpersonal dimension of schizotypy, thought to mirror negative symptoms in schizophrenia), but not in relation to positive schizotypy (reflecting the cognitive‐perception dimension of schizotypy, thought to mirror positive symptoms in schizophrenia). Further research examining the relative contributions of hyperperfusion at different nodes of a hippocampal–striatal–midbrain circuit along a psychosis continuum (psychosis, CHR, and HS), combined with measurements of the different neurotransmitter systems involved (i.e., GABA, glutamate, and dopamine), may provide substantial insights into the neurobiology of risk and resilience for psychiatric disorders (Pantelis & Bartholomeusz, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

Modinos

Egerton

McMullen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides absolute quantification of resting tissue cerebral blood flow (CBF) as an entirely noninvasive approach with good reproducibility. As a result of neurovascular coupling, ASL provides a useful marker of resting neuronal activity. Recent ASL studies in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR) have reported increased resting hippocampal perfusion compared with healthy controls. Schizotypy refers to the presence of subclinical psychotic‐like experiences in healthy individuals and represents a robust framework to study neurobiological mechanisms involved in the extended psychosis phenotype while avoiding potentially confounding effects of antipsychotic medications or disease comorbidity. Here we applied pseudo‐continuous ASL to examine differences in resting CBF in 21 subjects with high positive schizotypy (HS) relative to 22 subjects with low positive schizotypy (LS), as determined by the Oxford and Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences. Based on preclinical evidence that hippocampal hyperactivity leads to increased activity in mesostriatal dopamine projections, CBF in hippocampus, midbrain, and striatum was assessed. Participants with HS showed higher CBF of the right hippocampus compared to those with LS (p = .031, family‐wise error corrected). No differences were detected in the striatum or midbrain. The association between increased hippocampal CBF and HS supports the notion that hippocampal hyperactivity might be a central characteristic of the extended psychosis phenotype, while hyperactivity in subcortical dopamine pathways may only emerge at a higher intensity of psychotic experiences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

Modinos

Egerton

McMullen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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“…The observation that stress is a possible risk factor for schizophrenia (156) has led to an fMRI study of the neuronal response to stress in participants with high schizotypy (157). Differences in striatal and limbic activation patterns were found in participants with negative schizotypy in comparison to controls.…”

Section: Genetic Cognitive and Neurobiological Studies Of Schizotypmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics, Cognition, and Neurobiology of Schizotypal Personality: A Review of the Overlap with Schizophrenia

et al. 2014

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Schizotypy refers to a set of temporally stable traits that are observed in the general population and that resemble the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we review evidence from studies on genetics, cognition, perception, motor and oculomotor control, brain structure, brain function, and psychopharmacology in schizotypy. We specifically focused on identifying areas of overlap between schizotypy and schizophrenia. Evidence was corroborated that significant overlap exists between the two, covering the behavioral brain structural and functional as well molecular levels. In particular, several studies showed that individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits exhibit alterations in neurocognitive task performance and underlying brain function similar to the deficits seen in patients with schizophrenia. Studies of brain structure have shown both volume reductions and increase in schizotypy, pointing to schizophrenia-like deficits as well as possible protective or compensatory mechanisms. Experimental pharmacological studies have shown that high levels of schizotypy are associated with (i) enhanced dopaminergic response in striatum following administration of amphetamine and (ii) improvement of cognitive performance following administration of antipsychotic compounds. Together, this body of work suggests that schizotypy shows overlap with schizophrenia across multiple behavioral and neurobiological domains, suggesting that the study of schizotypal traits may be useful in improving our understanding of the etiology of schizophrenia.

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“…They found that in response to social rejection activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), right superior frontal gyrus, and left ventral prefrontal cortex increased and decreased in the low- vs. high-schizotypy group, respectively [52]. Using fMRI, Soliman et al examined the activity of striatal, cortical, and limbic regions to laboratory induced psychological stress, and demonstrated that non-clinical participants scoring high on Physical Anhedonia (a facet of Negative schizotypy) exhibited greater stress-induced deactivation of striatal and limbic regions compared to control participants and those scoring high on Perceptual Aberration (a facet of Positive schizotypy) [53]. Additionally, across all participants, Physical Anhedonia was correlated with stress-associated striatal deactivation [53].…”

Section: Social/interpersonal and Affective Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using fMRI, Soliman et al examined the activity of striatal, cortical, and limbic regions to laboratory induced psychological stress, and demonstrated that non-clinical participants scoring high on Physical Anhedonia (a facet of Negative schizotypy) exhibited greater stress-induced deactivation of striatal and limbic regions compared to control participants and those scoring high on Perceptual Aberration (a facet of Positive schizotypy) [53]. Additionally, across all participants, Physical Anhedonia was correlated with stress-associated striatal deactivation [53]. Interestingly, as described in the Neurochemistry section, this same group observed in a separate study that participants scoring high for Physical Anhedonia exhibited greater stress-induced release of presynaptic dopamine, compared to controls and participants with high levels of Perceptual Aberrations [54].…”

Section: Social/interpersonal and Affective Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypal Personality Disorder: A Current Review

Rosell

Futterman

McMaster

et al. 2014

Curr Psychiatry Rep

124

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The study of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is important clinically, as it is understudied, challenging to treat, often under-recognized or misdiagnosed, and associated with significant functional impairment. SPD also represents an intermediate schizophrenia-spectrum phenotype, and therefore, can provide a better understanding of the genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment of related psychotic illnesses. In this review we discuss recent findings of SPD related to epidemiology and functional impairment; heritability and genetics; working memory and cognitive impairments; social-affective disturbances; and neurobiology. Additionally, we examine the challenges associated with treating patients with SPD, as well as clinical recommendations. Finally, we address future directions and areas in need of further exploration.

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Limbic response to psychosocial stress in schizotypy: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Cited by 41 publications

References 52 publications

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

Genetics, Cognition, and Neurobiology of Schizotypal Personality: A Review of the Overlap with Schizophrenia

Schizotypal Personality Disorder: A Current Review

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