Limbic encephalitis in a COVID-19 patient?

Chiveri, Luca; Verrengia, Elena Pinuccia; Muscia, Francesco; Nuzzaco, Graziamaria; Raimondi, Elisa; Vecchio, E Del; Bompane, Daniela; Mazzone, Antonino; Fociani, Paolo; Corbellino, Mario; Prelle, A.

doi:10.1007/s13365-021-00971-3

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The emerging trends also indicate the involvement of Proust's madeleine brain network, referring to olfactory processes physiologically linked with memory and emotions through the limbic system and consequent symptoms [ 25 ]. COVID-19 infection has been shown to be associated with limbic encephalitis, as confirmed with MRI imaging [ 26 ]. The limbic system consists of brain structures between the cerebral cortex, the brain stem, primarily the Hippocampus, which acts as our brain's memory center, and the Amygdala, which regulates emotional responses such as pleasure, fear, anxiety, and anger.…”

Section: Impact Of Neurological and Psychological Healthmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evidence mapping and review of long-COVID and its underlying pathophysiological mechanism

Umesh

Pranay

Pandey³

et al. 2022

Infection

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Purpose Apart from the global disease burden of acute COVID-19 disease, the health complications arising after recovery have been recognized as a long-COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome. Evidences of long-COVID symptoms involving various organ systems are rapidly growing in literature. The objective was to perform a rapid review and evidence mapping of systemic complications and symptoms of long-COVID and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods Publications reporting clinical trials, observational cohort studies, case–control studies, case-series, meta-analysis, and systematic reviews, focusing on the squeal of the disease, consequences of COVID-19 treatment/hospitalization, long-COVID, chronic COVID syndrome, and post acute COVID-19 were reviewed in detail for the narrative synthesis of frequency, duration, risk factors, and pathophysiology. Results The review highlights that pulmonary, neuro-psychological, and cardiovascular complications are major findings in most epidemiological studies. However, dysfunctional gastrointestinal, endocrine, and metabolic health are recent findings for which underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. Analysis of the clinical trial landscape suggests that more than 50% of the industry-sponsored trials are focused on pulmonary symptoms. In contrast to the epidemiological trends and academic trials, cardiovascular complications are not a focus of industry-sponsored trials, suggestive of the gaps in the research efforts. Conclusion The gap in epidemiological trends and academic trials, particularly concerning cardiovascular complications not being a focus of industry-sponsored trials is suggestive of the gaps in research efforts and longer follow-up durations would help identify other long-COVID-related health issues such as reproductive health and fertility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s15010-022-01835-6.

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Section: Impact Of Neurological and Psychological Healthmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evidence mapping and review of long-COVID and its underlying pathophysiological mechanism

Umesh

Pranay

Pandey³

et al. 2022

Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Neuroimaging studies in live patients ( Chiveri et al, 2021 ; Moriguchi et al, 2020 ) and post-mortem brain studies ( Fabbri et al, 2021 ; Solomon et al, 2020 ; Thakur et al, 2021 ) have shown neuropathogenic changes in the hippocampus caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the implication of hippocampal pathology in various neuropsychiatric disorders, SARS-CoV-2 mediated neuropathogenic changes in the hippocampus could be attributed to neuropsychiatric disorders like depression in PACS ( Nestler et al, 2002 ; Roddy & O’Keane, 2019 ; Roddy et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of neuroinflammation mediated potential alterations in adult neurogenesis as a factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Post-Acute COVID-19 syndrome—A narrative review

Jayakumar

Saraswathi²,

Alarifi

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Persistence of symptoms beyond the initial 3 to 4 weeks after infection is defined as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). A wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms like anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders and cognitive disturbances have been observed in PACS. The review was conducted based on PRISMA-S guidelines for literature search strategy for systematic reviews. A cytokine storm in COVID-19 may cause a breach in the blood brain barrier leading to cytokine and SARS-CoV-2 entry into the brain. This triggers an immune response in the brain by activating microglia, astrocytes, and other immune cells leading to neuroinflammation. Various inflammatory biomarkers like inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and adhesion molecules have been implicated in psychiatric disorders and play a major role in the precipitation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Impaired adult neurogenesis has been linked with a variety of disorders like depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and dementia. Persistence of neuroinflammation was observed in COVID-19 survivors 3 months after recovery. Chronic neuroinflammation alters adult neurogenesis with pro-inflammatory cytokines supressing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines favouring adult neurogenesis. Based on the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms/disorders in PACS, there is more possibility for a potential impairment in adult neurogenesis in COVID-19 survivors. This narrative review aims to discuss the various neuroinflammatory processes during PACS and its effect on adult neurogenesis.

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“…Berichte einer limbischen Enzephalitis bzw. einer NMDA-R-Enzephalitis [17,18] werden durch Nachweis antineuronaler Antikörper im Liquor und Serum unterstützt [19] und könnten auch im Rahmen langanhaltender Symptome eine Rolle spielen. Somit erscheint eine autoimmune/parainfektiöse Genese einer SARS-CoV-2-assoziierten Enzephalitis aktuell wahrscheinlicher als eine direkte Virusinfektion.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2-assoziierte Enzephalitis Und Enzephalopathieunclassified

Update 2021: COVID-19 aus Sicht der Neurologie

Simon¹,

Menzler²,

Timmermann³

2021

Dtsch Med Wochenschr

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Der überwiegende Teil der Patienten mit einer COVID-19-Erkrankung zeigt im Verlauf neurologische Symptome. Des Weiteren entwickelt sich, teils auch nach unkomplizierten Verläufen, das sogenannte Post-COVID-Syndrom mit langanhaltenden Symptomen. In diesem Artikel möchten wir einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der neurologischen Beteiligung im Rahmen der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion geben. Patientenversorgung und spezielle Patientengruppen Im Rahmen der ersten Welle kam es zu Einschränkungen der ambulanten und stationären Patientenversorgung. Die Rate an Krankenhauseinweisungen, z. B. für zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse, nahm ab und die Mortalität stieg. Weiterhin sind besonders im ambulanten Bereich Konzepte wie z. B. telemedizinische Konsultationen zur Abwendung einer Unterversorgung unumgänglich.

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Limbic encephalitis in a COVID-19 patient?

Abstract: We describe the case of a 79-year-old woman infected by SARS-CoV-2 and purely neurological confusional syndrome without clinically relevant respiratory disease and NMR alterations of the limbic system.

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Evidence mapping and review of long-COVID and its underlying pathophysiological mechanism

Evidence mapping and review of long-COVID and its underlying pathophysiological mechanism

Role of neuroinflammation mediated potential alterations in adult neurogenesis as a factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Post-Acute COVID-19 syndrome—A narrative review

Update 2021: COVID-19 aus Sicht der Neurologie

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