Lima Bean Downy Mildew: Impact, Etiology, and Management Strategies for Delaware and the Mid-Atlantic Region, U.S.

Evans, T. A.; Mulrooney, R. P.; Gregory, Nancy; Kee, Ed

doi:10.1094/pdis-91-2-0128

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…P. infestans shares clade Ic with P. phaseoli , P. ipomoeae , P. mirabilis , and P. andina . P. phaseoli first reported in the US (Thaxter, 1889), is aspecies that infects lima and common bean ( Phaseolus limensis, P. lunatus, P. vulgaris ) and has been reported in Mexico, Central and South America, but its center of origin is unknown (Evans et al 2007; Farr and Rossman 2014). P. mirabilis causes disease on Mirabilis jalapa (Galindo and Hohl 1985) and P. ipomoeae causes leaf blight on Ipomoea longipedunculata and these two species have only been reported in Mexico (Flier et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial genome sequences reveal evolutionary relationships of the Phytophthora 1c clade species

et al. 2015

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Phytophthora infestans is one of the most destructive plant pathogens of potato and tomato globally. The pathogen is closely related to four other Phytophthora species including P. phaseoli, P. ipomoeae, P. mirabilis, and P. andina that are important pathogens of other wild and domesticated hosts. P. andina is an interspecific hybrid between P. infestans and an unknown Phytophthora species. We have sequenced mitochondrial genomes of the sister species of P. infestans in order to resolve the evolutionary relationships within the clade. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the P. phaseoli mitochondrial lineage is basal within the clade. P. mirabilis and P. ipomoeae are sister lineages and share a common ancestor with the Ic mitochondrial lineage of P. andina. These lineages in turn are sister to the P. infestans and P. andina Ia mitochondrial lineages. The P. andina Ic lineage diverged much earlier than the P. andina Ia mitochondrial lineage and P. infestans. The presence of two mitochondrial lineages in P. andina supports the hybrid nature of this species. The ancestral state of the P. andina Ic lineage in the tree and its occurrence only in the Andean regions of Ecuador, Colombia and Peru suggests further sampling in the Americasis warranted to understand the distribution of this species hybrid in nature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial genome sequences reveal evolutionary relationships of the Phytophthora 1c clade species

et al. 2015

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“…The oomycete Phytophthora phaseoli has a narrow host range and is restricted primarily to lima bean. It is homothallic and the causal agent of downy mildew on lima bean, which has been reported to cause three million dollars worth of losses, or half the profits, in the state of Delaware (Evans et al ., 2007). Optimal harvesting of lima bean pods occurs late in the autumn, when cooler, wetter conditions prevail, which also favour P. phaseoli infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA‐Seq reveals infection‐related global gene changes in Phytophthora phaseoli, the causal agent of lima bean downy mildew

Kunjeti

Evans

Marsh

et al. 2011

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Lima bean is an important vegetable processing crop to the mid-Atlantic USA and is highly susceptible to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora phaseoli, which causes downy mildew. Genetic resistance and fungicides are used to manage P. phaseoli and often fail. Currently, the molecular basis of the interaction between this host and pathogen is unknown. To begin to rectify this situation, we used Illumina RNA-Seq to perform a global transcriptome analysis comparing P. phaseoli growing in culture with P. phaseoli infecting its host. Sequence reads from a total of six libraries mapped to gene models from the closely related late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, resulting in 10 427 P. phaseoli genes with homology to P. infestans and expression in at least one library. Of these, 318 P. phaseoli homologues matched known or putative virulence genes in P. infestans. Two well-studied classes, RxLRs and elicitins, were up-regulated in planta, whereas the reverse was true for another class, called crinklers. These results are discussed with respect to the differences and similarities in the pathogenicity mechanisms of P. phaseoli and P. infestans.

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“…In the United States, lima bean is grown predominantly in the Mid-Atlantic Region (MAR), specifically New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland. In Delaware alone, lima bean production is approximately a $6 million industry (Evans et al 2007). The same conditions that are conducive to robust pod production however, are also conducive to development and 4 proliferation of several oomycete pathogens, including downy mildew caused by Phytophthora phaseoli and pod rot caused by P. capsici (Davidson et al 2002;Evans et al 2007;Davidson et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Delaware alone, lima bean production is approximately a $6 million industry (Evans et al 2007). The same conditions that are conducive to robust pod production however, are also conducive to development and 4 proliferation of several oomycete pathogens, including downy mildew caused by Phytophthora phaseoli and pod rot caused by P. capsici (Davidson et al 2002;Evans et al 2007;Davidson et al 2008). In 1998, a new race of P. phaseoli emerged to decimate lima bean crops in Delaware, prompting increased studies on this important plant, and its pathogens (Evans et al 2002;Evans et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same conditions that are conducive to robust pod production however, are also conducive to development and 4 proliferation of several oomycete pathogens, including downy mildew caused by Phytophthora phaseoli and pod rot caused by P. capsici (Davidson et al 2002;Evans et al 2007;Davidson et al 2008). In 1998, a new race of P. phaseoli emerged to decimate lima bean crops in Delaware, prompting increased studies on this important plant, and its pathogens (Evans et al 2002;Evans et al 2007). In 2016, Mhora et al used bulked segregant analysis to map the resistance locus effective against the predominant field race F of P. phaseoli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome assembly of a Mesoamerica-derivedPhaseolus lunatuscultivar enables the identification and comparative genomic analysis of a complex resistance locus

Wisser

Oppenheim

Ernest

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus, is closely related to common bean and is high in fiber and protein, with a low glycemic index. Lima bean is widely grown in the state of Delaware, where late summer and early fall weather are conducive to pod production. The same weather conditions also promote diseases such as pod rot and downy mildew, the latter of which has caused previous epidemics. A better understanding of the genes underlying resistance to this and other pathogens is needed to keep this industry thriving in the region. Our current study sought to sequence, assemble and annotate a commercially available cultivar called Bridgeton, which could then serve as a reference genome, a basis of comparison to other Phaseolus taxa and a resource for identification of potential resistance genes. Combined efforts of sequencing, linkage and comparative mapping analysis resulted in a 625 Mb genome assembly, as well as a better understanding of a locus underlying resistance to the current downy mildew race in the field.

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Lima Bean Downy Mildew: Impact, Etiology, and Management Strategies for Delaware and the Mid-Atlantic Region, U.S.

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Mitochondrial genome sequences reveal evolutionary relationships of the Phytophthora 1c clade species

Mitochondrial genome sequences reveal evolutionary relationships of the Phytophthora 1c clade species

RNA‐Seq reveals infection‐related global gene changes in Phytophthora phaseoli, the causal agent of lima bean downy mildew

Genome assembly of a Mesoamerica-derivedPhaseolus lunatuscultivar enables the identification and comparative genomic analysis of a complex resistance locus

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