Lilliput effect in freshwater ostracods during the Permian–Triassic extinction

Chu, Daoliang; Tong, Jinnan; Song, Haijun; Benton, Michael J.; Song, Huyue; Yu, Jianxin; Qiu, Xincheng; Huang, Yunfei; Tian, Li

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.003

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Chu et al . () reported a reduction in L/H ratios for ostracods during the LPME. Forel & Crasquin () argued that the differential extinction of ostracods with high L/H ratios provides a new proxy together with body size (length, height and volume) to explore the nature of extinctions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Differing from the observed Lilliput effect of ostracods during the LPME (Chu et al . ; Forel & Crasquin ; Forel et al . ), we find that sizes (length, height and length*height) show a gradual increase across the ETME at Yangou (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, temporary environmental improvements during the H. parvus Zone (details below) also contributed to this assemblage replacement and the associated size increase. Chu et al (2015) reported a reduction in L/H ratios for ostracods during the LPME. Forel & Crasquin (2015) argued that the differential extinction of ostracods with high L/H ratios provides a new proxy together with body size (length, height and volume) to explore the nature of extinctions.…”

Section: Earliest Triassic Ostracod Extinction and Associated Size Vamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ostracods have also attracted great research interest because of their wide habitat ranges and ecological significance (e.g . Wang 1978;Kozur 1991;Crasquin et al 2007a,b;Yuan 2008;Crasquin & Forel 2014;Chu et al 2015;Forel et al 2015a). Dozens of publications have reported P-Tr ostracod faunas in various facies, including neritic clastic (Hao 1994), shallow carbonate (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diverse earliest Triassic ostracod fauna of the non-microbialite-bearing shallow marine carbonates of the Yangou section, South China

Qiu

Tian

et al. 2019

LET

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Since diverse ostracod faunas in the immediate aftermath of the latest Permian mass extinction are mainly found within Permian–Triassic boundary microbialites (PTBMs), the idea of an ostracod ‘microbial‐related refuge’ has been proposed. Here, we report a diversified earliest Triassic ostracod fauna from the Yangou section in South China, where no PTBMs were deposited, providing evidence inconsistent with this ‘microbial‐related refuge’ hypothesis. In addition, a significant ostracod extinction is recorded, corresponding with the earliest Triassic mass extinction (ETME). This ETME of ostracods is associated with size increases and a length/height ratio (L/H) decrease, indicating varied evolutionary patterns of shape and size of ostracods through the Permian–Triassic (P‐Tr) extinction events. Although the nature of these biotic changes is somewhat unclear, the temporally varied ‘refuge zone’ scenario provides us with a window to reconstruct the environmental dynamics of ecosystem changes during the P‐Tr transition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earliest Triassic Ostracod Extinction and Associated Size Vamentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse earliest Triassic ostracod fauna of the non-microbialite-bearing shallow marine carbonates of the Yangou section, South China

Qiu

Tian

et al. 2019

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“…17). The temporal size variation through the Permian-Triassic transition in North China sections looks like the "Lilliput effect" phenomenon in some body fossil groups, such as foraminifers, ostracods, gastropods and others (Twitchett, 2007;Forel et al, 2015;Brayard et al, 2011;Payne, 2005;Song et al, 2011;Chu et al, 2015b), as responses to rapid warming, high temperature, dramatically decreased solubility of oxygen, low productivity and allies in the aftermath of the PTME (Payne et al, 2004;Joachimski et al, 2012;Benton and Newell, 2014;Chu et al, 2015aChu et al, , 2015b. Note that the observed sizes of Kouphichnium from the late Early Triassic are clearly smaller than in the Late Permian (Fig.…”

Section: Variation In Limuloid Sizes From Late Permian To Early Triasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limuloid trackways from Permian-Triassic continental successions of North China

Shu

Tong

Tian

et al. 2018

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Forty-four well-preserved specimens of Kouphichnium, a typical limuloid (horseshoe crab) trackway, are reported and systematically studied for the first time from continental Upper Permian to Lower Triassic successions in North China. A new ichnotaxonomic system of Kouphichnium is proposed according to the ichnotaxobase of limuloid trackways, including simple foot imprints (T), pusher imprints (P), median impressions (M) and genal spine impressions (GS). In total, one ichnogenus and six ichnospecies are recognised, one of which is new: Kouphichnium liulinensis sp. nov. Ichnogenus Paramphibius is regarded as a synonym of Kouphichnium and the diagnoses of ichnogenus Kouphichnium and its two early ichnospecies, i.e. type ichnospecies Kouphichnium lithographicum Oppel, and Kouphichnium didactylum Willard, are revised. A morphological-palaeoethological pattern is proposed in reference to these ichnospecies from the continental Upper Permian to Lower Triassic successions in North China. These six ichnospecies are assigned to six types in the new ichnotaxonomic system and the locomotion rates of each type can be ranked by the possible speed index λ. The size of trackmaker is estimated from the external width of the trackway, and it shows a drastic decrease from the Late Permian to Early Triassic, followed by a gradual increase in the Early Triassic. This size variation of trackmakers (limuloids) during the Permian-Triassic transition, especially the drastic drop, probably reflects the intensive environmental stress during the biotic crisis. In addition, the analysis of the sizes of pusher imprints (P) from certain well-preserved trackways suggests a potential sexual dimorphism of limuloids.

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Early Triassic microconchids from the Perth Basin, Western Australia: Palaeoecology and flourishing in the aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction

et al. 2021

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Handling Editor: M. Luo Microconchids are small spiral worm tubes convergent with spirorbin polychaetes, and they are not a well-known fossil group in terms of taxonomy and spatiotemporal distributions. Here, we report for the first time microconchid species Microconchus cf. utahensis from the Lower Triassic borehole sections in the Perth Basin, Western Australia, which were situated in the interior sea of inland Gondwana during the Permian-Triassic (P-Tr) transition. The newly found microconchids encrust bivalve Claraia shells, which occur in the forms of shell beds in core samples of boreholes in the Perth Basin. These microconchids, together with Claraia spp., form a high-abundance, low-diversity assemblage, which lived in a shallow, restricted interior sea, with euxinic to anoxic redox conditions. These tiny encrusting organisms flourished in the oxygen-poor habitats, where other benthos was very rare. They represent disaster forms in the aftermath of the P-Tr mass extinction. Global dataset of the Triassic microconchids shows that this clade inhabited a wide range of environments from continental basins, nearshore, restricted shallow sea, restricted inner platform, open platform, to shelf and basin, all of which were oxygen-limited settings in that time. Geographically, microconchids were widespread in the low-latitude regions (i.e., South China of eastern Palaeo-Tethys, western Palaeo-Tethys, Neo-Tethys, western coasts, and atolls of the Panthalassic Ocean) and to northern and southern moderate-high latitude regions (i.e., Greenland of Boreal seas and Perth Basin of inland Gondwana, respectively) during the Early Triassic. The spatiotemporal distributions of microconchids suggest the flourishing of disaster organisms following the P-Tr extinction. Both small body size and high tolerance to environmental stresses promoted microconchids to succeed in the Triassic.

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Lilliput effect in freshwater ostracods during the Permian–Triassic extinction

Cited by 45 publications

References 87 publications

Diverse earliest Triassic ostracod fauna of the non-microbialite-bearing shallow marine carbonates of the Yangou section, South China

Diverse earliest Triassic ostracod fauna of the non-microbialite-bearing shallow marine carbonates of the Yangou section, South China

Limuloid trackways from Permian-Triassic continental successions of North China

Early Triassic microconchids from the Perth Basin, Western Australia: Palaeoecology and flourishing in the aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction

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