Lignocellulosic fibers: a critical review of the extrusion process for enhancement of the properties of natural fiber composites

Gallos, Antoine; Paës, Gabriel; Allais, Florent; Beaugrand, Johnny

doi:10.1039/c7ra05240e

Cited by 90 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Lignocellulosic polymer composites, which are composed of a polymer matrix and lignocellulosic reinforcing fillers, have been replacing many components in automobiles, aircrafts, or spacecraft's, which are normally produced using metals and alloys . These bio‐based composites have been produced from many lignocellulosic resources, such as abaca, kenaf, flax, hemp, sisal, coir, bagasse, jute, cork, bamboo cane, banana, cotton, curaua, corn, sugar cane, wheat straw or pine, among many others . Lignocellulosic fillers offer many advantages over synthetic fillers, such as biodegradability, low cost, neutrality to CO 2 emission, easy processing, easy availability, no health risks and excellent thermal and sound absorption insulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface treatment of eucalyptus wood for improved HDPE composites properties

Gama

Barros‐Timmons

Ferreira

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the effect of Eucalyptus globulus wood (UE) used as a filler (5-20% w/w) on the physical and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites was evaluated. To improve the compatibility with HDPE, the wood was modified (TE) using crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production. The addition of 20% (w/w) of UE or TE led to more rigid and durable composite materials compared to neat HDPE (about 50 or 100% increase in tensile strength, respectively). Composites also revealed 55-75 C higher temperatures at maximal degradation rates. The advantageous behavior of TE over UE in composites was attributed to the improvement of surface morphology of modified wood and it is better compatibility with the HDPE as revealed by surface energy analysis. The changes in wetting behavior of HDPE and ensuing HDPE-TE composites (contact angles of ca 72 and 80 , respectively) explain the matrix-filler interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface treatment of eucalyptus wood for improved HDPE composites properties

Gama

Barros‐Timmons

Ferreira

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Low weight natural fiber composites also increase fuel efficiency producing lower pollutant emissions, particularly of internal combustion motor fuels. In addition, incineration of discarded natural fibers produces energy lowering CO 2 emissions …”

Section: Biotechnological Advances In Agavementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, incineration of discarded natural fibers produces energy lowering CO 2 emissions. 133,134 The fibers obtained from at least 11 species of Agave (Table 1) have been used since Pre-Hispanic time for clothing textiles, rope, bags, and footwear. 5,22 The main Agave species used for fiber extraction based on quality, yield, and ease of extraction are A. sisalana, A. americana, and A. fourcroydes.…”

Section: Biopolymers Of Agave L For Fiber Production and Source For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and in silico analysis of fermentation, bioenergy, fiber, and biopolymer genes of biotechnological interest in Agave L. for genetic improvement and biocatalysis

Tamayo‐Ordóñez

Ayil‐Gutiérrez

Tamayo-Ordóñez

et al. 2018

Biotechnology Progress

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Several of the over 200 known species of Agave L. are currently used for production of distilled beverages and biopolymers. The plants live in a wide range of stressful environments as a result of their resistance to abiotic stress (drought, salinity, and extreme temperature) and pathogens, which gives the genus potential for germplasm conservation and biotechnological applications that may minimize economic losses as a result of the global climate change. However, the limited knowledge in the genus of genome structure and organization hampers development of potential improved biotechnological applications by means of genetic manipulation and biocatalysis. We reviewed Agave and plant sequences in the GenBank NCBI database for identifying genes with biotechnological potential for fermentation, bioenergy, fiber improvement, and in vivo plant biopolymer production. Three-dimensional modeling of enzyme structures in plant accessions revealed structural differences in sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase, fructan 1-fructosyltransferase, fructan exohydrolase (1-FEH), cellulose synthase (CES), and glucanases (EGases) with possible effects in fructan, sugar, and biopolymer production. Although the coding genes of FEH and enzymes involved in biopolymer production (CES, sucrose synthase, and EGases) remain unidentified in Agave L., our results could aid isolation of such genes in Agave. By comparing nucleotide and amino acid sequences in accessions of Agave and other plants, knowledge may be gained about transcriptional regulation and enzymatic activity factors. Future study is needed of biotechnological application of Agave genes for crop breeding aided by genetic engineering and biocatalysis.

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“…For a general presentation of vegetal fibers‐based composites, we refer the reader to recent reviews on this topic . Thermoplastic composites reinforced with short lignocellulosic fibers are usually prepared by twin‐screw extrusion, because of the flexibility and the great mixing capacity of this process . However, the severe flow conditions into the extruder result in fiber degradation, that is, a decrease in diameter ( D ), due to the separation of bundles into individual fibers, and also in length ( L ), due to the breakage of bundles and single fibers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Thermoplastic composites reinforced with short lignocellulosic fibers are usually prepared by twin-screw extrusion, because of the flexibility and the great mixing capacity of this process. [6] However, the severe flow conditions into the extruder result in fiber degradation, that is, a decrease in diameter (D), due to the separation of bundles into individual fibers, and also in length (L), due to the breakage of bundles and single fibers. [7][8][9][10] The mechanical properties of the composite being, among other parameters, controlled by the length and the aspect ratio (length/diameter, L/D) of the fibers, it is important to understand the mechanisms of evolution of the fiber dimensions during the extrusion process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the polarity of the matrix on the breakage mechanisms of lignocellulosic fibers during twin‐screw extrusion

et al. 2019

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In a series of previous papers, models describing the breakage of lignocellulose fibers during melt mixing process were established and applied to predict fiber size changes when compounding composites in a twin‐screw extruder. Different types of fibers were studied (flax, hemp, sisal, etc), but always with the same matrix, namely polypropylene (PP) compatibilized with PP grafted with maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA). In the present study, the influence of the matrix was characterized, by comparing the results obtained with nonpolar PP and polar poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) of similar viscosity. For flax and hemp fibers, morphology changes (in length and diameter) were characterized along the screws under various processing conditions (screw speed and feed rate). Whatever the conditions, breakage was more important with the PBS matrix. Moreover, the rheological properties of the composites were also different, indicating specific interactions between fibers and matrices. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the adhesion between the different matrices and AFM levers functionalized with nanocrystalline cellulose. The results confirmed a better interaction between the nanocrystalline cellulose and the PBS matrix compared to the PP one.

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Lignocellulosic fibers: a critical review of the extrusion process for enhancement of the properties of natural fiber composites

Abstract: This review discusses the extrusion process parameters and their impact on the mechanical properties of composites reinforced with lignocellulosic fibers.

Cited by 90 publications

References 120 publications

Surface treatment of eucalyptus wood for improved HDPE composites properties

Surface treatment of eucalyptus wood for improved HDPE composites properties

Review and in silico analysis of fermentation, bioenergy, fiber, and biopolymer genes of biotechnological interest in Agave L. for genetic improvement and biocatalysis

Influence of the polarity of the matrix on the breakage mechanisms of lignocellulosic fibers during twin‐screw extrusion

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