Lignocellulosic Ethanol Production from the Recovery of Stranded Driftwood Residues

Abstract

This paper builds upon a research project funded by the Italian Ministry of Environment, and aims to recover stranded driftwood residues (SDRs), in order to transform a potential pollution and safety issue into valuable bio-resources. In particular, one of the experiments consisted of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic residues. The SDRs were gathered from the Italian coast (Abruzzo Region, Italy) after an intense storm. The biomass recalcitrance, due to its lignocellulosic structure, was reduced by a steam explosion (SE) pretreatment process. Four different pretreatment severity factors (R 0 ) were tested (LogR 0 3.65, 4.05, 4.24 and 4.64) in order to evaluate the pretreated material's accessibility to enzymatic attack and the holocellulose (cellulose plus hemicellulose) recovery. A first enzymatic hydrolysis was performed on the pretreated materials by employing a solid/liquid (S/L) ratio of 1% (w/w) and an enzyme dosage of 30% (w enzyme/w cellulose), in order to estimate the maximum enzymatically accessible cellulose content. Since the primary goal of pretreatment and hydrolysis is to convert as much cellulose as possible into monomeric glucose and recover all the holocellulose, the two pretreated materials showing these features were selected for bioethanol production process. The pretreated materials underwent a semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSSF). The SSSF process was performed into two lab-scale bioreactors (5 L) with an S/L ratio of 15% and an enzyme dosage of 15% for five days. The efficiency of the whole bioethanol production process was assessed as ethanol overall yields (g ethanol/100 g raw material). The best overall yield was achieved by sample BS04 (8.98 g ethanol/100 g raw material).

Acid, alkali and peroxide pretreatments increase the cellulose accessibility and glucose yield of banana pseudostem

“…Severe pretreatment conditions (≥25% H 2 SO 4 , ≥20% NaOH and 8% H 2 O 2 ) effectively removed biomass components (Table 1), and resulted in lower water-insoluble solids (WIS) recovery than lower severity conditions (5% acid, 5% alkaline and 2% of peroxide) ( Table 1). The solid recovery values observed for pseudostem were lower than those reported for other lignocellulosic materials, such as sugarcane fractions (Brienzo et al, 2014), bagasse (Benjamin et al, 2013) and wood residues (Cavalaglio et al, 2016)., Depending on the Fig. 2.…”

Review on the Use of Diesel–Biodiesel–Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines

“…Cavalaglio et al [65] have conducted a research project to recover stranded driftwood residues. They developed a process of transformation for these lignocellulosic residues into bio-ethanol.…”

“…They have presented "milling, irradiation, microwaving, steam explosion, ammonia fiber explosion, supercritical CO 2 and its explosion, alkaline hydrolysis, liquid hot-water pretreatment, organosolv processes, wet oxidation, ozonolysis, dilute-and concentrated-acid hydrolyses, and biological pretreatments". Cavalaglio et al [65] have conducted a research project to recover stranded driftwood residues. They developed a process of transformation for these lignocellulosic residues into bio-ethanol.…”

Sustainable New Brick and Thermo-Acoustic Insulation Panel from Mineralization of Stranded Driftwood Residues

“…In this context, some studies have focused on recovering natural materials from wetlands or dragged on the beaches of seas, lakes and rivers in order to investigate the possibility of recycling and reusing these biomasses [20,21]. Italy is a long peninsula alongside surrounded by seas and therefore it has a large coastline, i.e., about 7600 km [22,23]. Hence, the government and the related municipalities put a huge amount of economic and energy-environmental effort into collecting and disposing of driftwood residues deposited on the seashores by the tide.…”

“…Hence, the government and the related municipalities put a huge amount of economic and energy-environmental effort into collecting and disposing of driftwood residues deposited on the seashores by the tide. Just considering the shoreline management in the northern and central coastal zones, it is estimated that the management and collection of stranded driftwood residues costs annually more than 7 million Euro [23]. Consequently, exploitation of tons of biomass driftwood on the seashores not only represents a sustainable waste management solution which could even be a source of revenue for municipalities, but also it could provide clean-burning biofuels or building material resources.…”