Lignocellulosic Biomass Refining: A Review Promoting a Method to Produce Sustainable Hydrogen, Fuels, and Products

Delmas, Guo-Hua; Banoub, Joseph; Delmas, M.

doi:10.1007/s12649-021-01624-6

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Lignocellulosic biomass accounts for 50% of the world's total available biomass. 55 Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, 56 can be used in many fields such as papermaking, clothing, cosmetics, and pharmacy, 57 while lignin as the most abundant natural aromatic polymer on the planet is typically considered a low value byproduct from the pulp and paper industry. Nonetheless, lignin has gained attention as a potential feedstock for the production of biofuels and other valuable chemicals.…”

Section: Organosolvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignocellulosic biomass, including agricultural and forest residues, is an abundant and renewable source of carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. Lignocellulosic biomass accounts for 50% of the world’s total available biomass . Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, can be used in many fields such as papermaking, clothing, cosmetics, and pharmacy, while lignin as the most abundant natural aromatic polymer on the planet is typically considered a low value byproduct from the pulp and paper industry.…”

Section: Lignin: An Underexplored Byproductmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignin-Based Covalent Adaptable Network Polymers─When Bio-Based Thermosets Meet Recyclable by Design

Tiz,

Vicente,

Kroflič

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) play an important role in polymer chemistry, as they provide an innovative link between thermoplastics and thermosets. The breakthrough idea behind CANs is to at least partially replace irreversible crosslinks in classic thermoset polymers with dynamic covalent bonds that allow for reversible polymer character and recyclability. Besides, CANs also offer other popular features such as self-healing, weldability, configurability, and shape memory. Most CANs are still petroleum-based, yet shifting toward more sustainable approaches is of the utmost interest. Considering this and the high abundance of lignocellulosic biomass, this perspective focuses on all the research found on lignin-based CANs, including both those starting from fractionated lignin and from lignin-based monomers. This is clearly a new branch within bio-based CANs that holds great potential in various industries. Additionally, some examples of thermoset polymers derived from the same lignin building blocks are given to showcase important chemical transformations that can be used for CANs design in the future. Although CAN design has been extended to many different types of bonds, imines and disulfides largely prevail in the current literature. Lastly, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is presented, considering the performance, competition, opportunities, and drawbacks of lignin-derived CANs.

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Section: Organosolvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lignin: An Underexplored Byproductmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin-Based Covalent Adaptable Network Polymers─When Bio-Based Thermosets Meet Recyclable by Design

Tiz,

Vicente,

Kroflič

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Indeed, Organosolv lignin exhibits superior purity and a lower degree of condensation compared to lignin derived from alternative fractionation methods 19 . Separated hemicelluloses syrups can be valorized into animal feed, C5 sugars and furan derivatives 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable and high-purity hydrogen from lignocellulosic biomass in a biorefinery approach

Elsaddik,

Nzihou,

Delmas

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Unprecedented efforts are being deployed to develop hydrogen production from bioresources in a circular economy approach, yet their implementation remains scarce. Today’s Challenges are associated with the shortage in the value chain, lack of large-scale production infrastructure, high costs, and low efficiency of current solutions. Herein, we report a hydrogen production route from cellulose pulp, integrating biomass fractionation and gasification in a biorefinery approach. Softwood sawdust undergoes formic acid organosolv treatment to extract cellulose, followed by steam gasification. High-purity hydrogen-rich syngas at a concentration of 56.3 vol% and a yield of 40 gH2/kgcellulose was produced. Char gasification offers the advantage of producing free-tar syngas reducing cleaning costs and mitigating downstream issues. A comprehensive assessment of mass and energy balance along the hydrogen value chain revealed an efficiency of 26.5% for hydrogen production, with an energy requirement of 111.1 kWh/kgH2. Optimizing solvent recovery and valorization of other constituents as added-value products in a biorefinery approach would further improve the process and entice its industrial takeoff.

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“…Bark, a waste product in the timber industry, holds the potential for conversion into valuable materials, promoting resource efficiency and waste reduction [1,2]. The use of lignocellulosic materials, such as bark particles, as a source for engineered wood products aligns with the growing interest in eco-friendly alternatives and sustainable materials [3]. The development of these materials is driven by the need to address environmental concerns and reduce reliance on fossil-based composites [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Bark Particleboard Bonded with Demethylated Lignin Adhesives Derived from <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> Bark

Salim,

Asik,

Sarjadi

2024

JRM

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Lignin extraction from bark can maximize the utilization of biomass waste, offer cost-effectiveness, and promote environmental friendliness when employed as an adhesive material in bark particleboard production. Particles of fine (0.2 to 1.0 mm), medium (1.0 to 2.5 mm), and coarse (2.5 to 12.0 mm) sizes, derived from the bark of Leucaena leucocephala, were hot-pressed using a heating plate at 175°C for 7 min to create single-layer particleboards measuring 320 mm × 320 mm × 10 mm, targeting a density of 700 kg/m 3 . Subsequently, the samples were trimmed and conditioned at 20°C and 65% relative humidity. In this study, we compared bark particleboard bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive to fine-sized particleboard bonded with demethylated lignin adhesive. The results indicated that bark particleboards utilizing demethylated lignin and UF adhesives exhibited similar qualities. Coarse particleboard showed differences in modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR), while medium-sized particles exhibited significant variations in moisture content (MC) and water absorption (WA). Furthermore, the thickness swelling of coarse and medium-sized particles under wet and oven-dried conditions exhibited notable distinctions. Overall, the demethylated lignin adhesive extracted from L. leucocephala bark demonstrated similar quality to UF adhesive, with particle size correlating inversely to the strength of the bark particleboard. KEYWORDSBark particleboard properties; demethylated lignin; lignin adhesives; Leucaena leucocephala; bark particles Nomenclature UF Urea formaldehyde MOE Modulus of elasticity MOR Modulus of rupture MC Moisture content TS Thickness swelling TS-Wet Thickness swelling from wet to oven dry conditions. TS-AD Thickness swelling from air-dry to oven dry conditions. IB Internal bonding

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Lignocellulosic Biomass Refining: A Review Promoting a Method to Produce Sustainable Hydrogen, Fuels, and Products

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Lignin-Based Covalent Adaptable Network Polymers─When Bio-Based Thermosets Meet Recyclable by Design

Lignin-Based Covalent Adaptable Network Polymers─When Bio-Based Thermosets Meet Recyclable by Design

Renewable and high-purity hydrogen from lignocellulosic biomass in a biorefinery approach

Properties of Bark Particleboard Bonded with Demethylated Lignin Adhesives Derived from <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> Bark

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