Lignocellulose breakdown through metabolic interaction network of gut microbiota in termite

Vishaka, G.V.; Nadaf, Hasansab A.; Chandrashekharaiah, M.; Rathore, Mangal S.; Srinivas, C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90590-9.00014-6

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The effective breakdown of these chemical compounds is carried out by the synergistic activity of microbial fauna of termite gut along with the wide variety of cellulolytic enzymes. 2 These organic materials are initially converted into simple sugars and then finally into ethanol by the action of the microbial community present in the hindgut. 3 Bacterial fauna in termite hindgut consists of both obligate and facultative anaerobes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and in-vitro plant-based control of hindgut bacteria isolated from Odontotermes obesus Rambur (Termitidae) and Heterotermes indicola Wasmann (Rhinotermitidae)

Ashraf,

Qadeer,

Ullah

et al. 2024

Science Progress

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Termites cause a serious menace to wooden structures all over the world. They rely mostly on entozoic fauna residing in their hindgut for the digestion of cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials. One of the ways to control termites is through their gut symbionts. The present study was designed to characterize the hindgut bacteria isolated from Odontotermes obesus and Heterotermes indicola. Furthermore, the growth inhibitory effect of eight tropical plant extracts was investigated to find out potential control agents for these bacterial isolates. The characterization of bacteria was carried out based on their morphology, Gram staining, biochemical and amplification of 16SrRNA gene. Amplified products were sequenced to confirm their relationship with bacterial isolates from termites of other regions. The growth inhibitory effect of ethanolic leaf extracts of eight plants was evaluated in an invitro agar well diffusion method. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the most effective plant was carried out to learn about bioactive agents. The results confirmed the presence of five bacteria from each termite species. The Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Lysinibacillus fusiformis were common to both termites whereas Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Lysinibacillus macrolides were found in O. obesus only and H. indicola harbor Bacillus subtilis and Shigella sonnei in addition to common three ones. Among the plant extracts of Carica papaya, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Osmium basilicum, Grevillea robusta, Eucalyptus globulus, Pongamia pinnata, Mentha longifolia, and Melia azedarach, the G. robusta > E. camaldulensis > O. basilicum were found to have growth inhibitory effects with increasing concentrations from 100 to 2000 µg/mL. The biodiversity of the bacterial fauna is important for the biological control of termites. Leaf extracts of these medicinal plants can be used to control termite infestation in an environment-friendly manner to save huge economic loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and in-vitro plant-based control of hindgut bacteria isolated from Odontotermes obesus Rambur (Termitidae) and Heterotermes indicola Wasmann (Rhinotermitidae)

Ashraf,

Qadeer,

Ullah

et al. 2024

Science Progress

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“…These activities demand labour. The labour involved in tasar sericulture is dominated by women workforce (Vishaka et al, 2021B). Therefore, labour saving technologies or tools or mechanisation can relieve the workers from time constraints and drudgery involved in tasar sericulture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drudgery Reduction in Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea Mylitta D. Seed Production

Nadaf¹,

G.V.²,

Chandrashekharaiah³

et al. 2022

PLANT ARCHIVES

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Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera : Saturnidae) is a commercially exploited vanya silkworm that is raised outdoors on host plants such as Asan and Arjun. Because tasar seed production includes rearing of silkworms for quality seed cocoons production to process them for Disease Free Layings (DFLs) production, it allows for mechanization at several stages of the process, including rearing and plantation management. The various drudgery reducing equipment's used presently are brush cutter, centrifuge, chain saw, cocoon transportation baskets, egg drying machine, electric sprayer, ladder, lime duster, microscopes, secateurs etc. The use of brush cutter for weeding, electric sprayer for spraying, chain saw for pollarding and lime duster for dusting significantly reduces the persondays requirement. Further, the egg dryer helps in quick drying of DFLs than in conventional method. Thereby, the mechanization is helping in increased efficiency of different activities in tasar seed production sector apart from drudgery reduction. The future interventions required in the seed production process are tasar cocoon sorter, tasar seed cocoon garlander, garlanding thread maker, degarlander, moth catcher, grainage house disinfection, disease scanner, pierced tasar cocoon grader etc.

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Lignocellulose breakdown through metabolic interaction network of gut microbiota in termite

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization and in-vitro plant-based control of hindgut bacteria isolated from Odontotermes obesus Rambur (Termitidae) and Heterotermes indicola Wasmann (Rhinotermitidae)

Characterization and in-vitro plant-based control of hindgut bacteria isolated from Odontotermes obesus Rambur (Termitidae) and Heterotermes indicola Wasmann (Rhinotermitidae)

Drudgery Reduction in Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea Mylitta D. Seed Production

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