Lignin utilization: A review of lignin depolymerization from various aspects

Chio, Chonlong; Sain, Mohini; Qin, Wensheng

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.008

Cited by 800 publications

(438 citation statements)

References 239 publications

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“…Biomass lignin, an aromatic polymer containing a structural unit of oxyphenylpropanol or its derivatives, is the second mosta bundant naturalm acromolecular organic materiali nt he world. [34][35][36] It has a high carbon content and abundantc hemical energy and is widely presenti ng ymnosperms, angiosperms, and all vascular plants, whereas industrial biomass lignin mainly includes lignosulfonate, sulfate lignin, and alkali lignin. [37][38][39] As an alternative precursor, lignin has been converted to high-valuable nanoscale fluorescent materials in previous work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Synthesis of Bright Green Fluorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Alkali Lignin

et al. 2019

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Sustainable, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly biomass waste can be exploited for large‐scale production of carbon nanomaterials. Here, alkali lignin was employed as a precursor to synthesize carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with bright green fluorescence through a simple one‐pot route. The prepared CQDs had a size of 1.5–3.5 nm, were water‐dispersible, and showed wonderful biocompatibility, in addition to their excellent photoluminescence and electrocatalysis properties. These high‐quality CQDs could be used in a wide range of applications such as metal‐ion detection, cell imaging, and electrocatalysis. The wide range of biomass lignin feedstocks provide a green, low‐cost, and viable strategy for producing high‐quality fluorescent CQDs and enable the conversion of biomass waste into high‐value products that promote sustainable development of the economy and human society.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Synthesis of Bright Green Fluorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Alkali Lignin

et al. 2019

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“…lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase) (Agrawal et al, 2018). Laccase can cooperate with small compounds called "mediators" and oxidize non-phenolic compounds, so that its activity is not limited only to phenolic compounds (Chio et al, 2019). Mediator is oxidized giving one or more electrons to laccase, after the mediator oxidized form diffuses away from the catalytic pocket, where it is capable of oxidizing the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In nature, laccase is secreted by the fungus to access carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) in the wood through the degradation of lignin (Osma et al, 2010). Lignin, which is a phenylpropanoid biopolymer, it is considered the most abundant polymer in nature (Chio et al, 2019). Lignin has an extremely complex structure; it is recalcitrant and difficult to degrade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is why one of the great challenges to allow the use of lignin is its depolymerization. Currently, there are different methods of lignin depolymerization: thermochemical, mechanical, chemical, and biological (Chio et al, 2019). Naturally, biological treatments have been classified as "environmental friendly catalyst" since they are developed by microorganisms or enzymes that are generally not toxic (Chio et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laccases in Food Industry: Bioprocessing, Potential Industrial and Biotechnological Applications

Mayolo‐Deloisa

González‐González

Rito‐Palomares

2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

126

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Laccase is a multi-copper oxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of one electron of a wide range of phenolic compounds. The enzyme is considered eco-friendly because it requires molecular oxygen as co-substrate for the catalysis and it yields water as the sole by-product. Laccase is commonly produced by fungi but also by some bacteria, insects and plants. Due it is capable of using a wide variety of phenolic and nonphenolic substrates, laccase has potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and environmental industries; in addition, it has been used since many years in the bleaching of paper pulp. Fungal laccases are mainly extracellular enzyme that can be recovered from the residual compost of industrial production of edible mushrooms as Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus. It has also been isolated from microorganisms present in wastewater. The great potential of laccase lies in its ability to oxidize lignin, one component of lignocellulosic materials, this feature can be widely exploited on the pretreatment for agro-food wastes valorization. Laccase is one of the enzymes that fits very well in the circular economy concept, this concept has more benefits over linear economy; based on "reduce-reuse-recycle" theory. Currently, biorefinery processes are booming due to the need to generate clean biofuels that do not come from oil. In that sense, laccase is capable of degrading lignocellulosic materials that serve as raw material in these processes, so the enzyme's potential is evident. This review will critically describe the production sources of laccase as by-product from food industry, bioprocessing of food industry by-products using laccase, and its application in food industry.

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“…Lignin is an aromatic polymer that is widely present in plants and contains structural units of the phenylpropane moiety or its derivatives in its molecular structure . Lignosulfonate is a by‐product of the sulfite pulping process and provides up to 90% of commercial lignin .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient removal of Congo red from pH‐unregulated aqueous solutions by lignosulfonate‐based polycatecholamine

Gao

Wei

Liu

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Lignosulfonate-based polycatecholamine (PCEA-LS) was synthesized by a two-stage approach involving Mannich and catechol-amine reactions, and it was directly used to adsorb Congo red (CR) from the pH-unadjusted aqueous solution. PCEA-LS was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Various factors affecting on removal of CR by PCEA-LS were investigated in depth, including contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of CR and adsorption temperature. The adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics of PCEA-LS for CR were explored in detail, and then its adsorption mechanism was systematically elucidated. Results indicated that the removal process of CR followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the isotherm data fitted the Langmuir model well. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 972.6 mg g −1 at 30 C in the pH-unadjusted (pH = 6.25) solution possibly due to the hydrogen bond, π-π stacking, and electrostatic interaction between PCEA-LS and CR.

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Lignin utilization: A review of lignin depolymerization from various aspects

Cited by 800 publications

References 239 publications

Sustainable Synthesis of Bright Green Fluorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Alkali Lignin

Sustainable Synthesis of Bright Green Fluorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Alkali Lignin

Laccases in Food Industry: Bioprocessing, Potential Industrial and Biotechnological Applications

Efficient removal of Congo red from pH‐unregulated aqueous solutions by lignosulfonate‐based polycatecholamine

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