Lignin. Structural organisation and fractal properties

Карманов, А. П.; Monakov, Yurii B

doi:10.1070/rc2003v072n08abeh000767

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, the number of particles increases, whereas the particles still maintain the diameter of about 50 nm for the H‐2 and H‐6 sheet, with an increase of HPL content of 2–6 wt % as shown in Figure 3(b) and (c), indicating that HPL nanoparticles homogeneously disperse in the matrix without further aggregation. Lignin tends to form supramolecular structures as a result of the polyfunctionality and strong inter‐ and intramolecular interactions,10, 36 which suggests that HPL particles are attributed to the supramolecular structures of HPL 11, 37, 38. Moreover, the interface of HPL nanoparticles and matrices are indistinct, suggesting a strong interfacial interaction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain flexible soy protein isolate (SPI) plastics with high tensile strength, several reinforcing fillers, such as Indian grass fiber, chitin whisker, and kraft lignin have been studied for an SPI/plasticizer system 7–9. Lignin macromolecules are inclined to aggregate together and provide supramolecular structures, and can be considered as polydisperse network polymer 10, 11. Alkaline lignin (AL), a by‐product from the alkaline pulping process of papermaking, is a high‐performance reinforcing filler for synthetic polymer on account of its multifunction, high‐impact‐strength, thermal resistance, and biodegradable properties 12–14.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nanoscale hydroxypropyl lignin on properties of soy protein plastics

Chen

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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For the first time, soy protein isolate (SPI)/ hydroxypropyl alkaline lignin (HPL) composites have been successfully prepared by mixing them in aqueous solution containing a small amount of glutaraldehyde as compatibilizer, and then compression-molded to obtain plastic sheets. The structures of the SPI/HPL composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, indicating the existence of amorphous networks and nanoscale HPL dispersion in the SPI matrix. When HPL content was lower than 6 wt %, the HPL-domain occurred in SPI/HPL composites with a dimension of about 50 nm, indicating a high interfacial activity. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the glass transition temperature of the SPI/HPL sheets increased from 62.5 to 70.4°C with an increase of HPL content from 0 to 6 wt %. Moreover, the tensile strength of the SPI/HPL nanocomposite sheets with 6 wt % HPL and 3.3 wt % glutaraldehyde was enhanced from 8.4 to 23.1 MPa compared with that of the SPI sheets, suggesting that the nanoscale HPL dispersion significantly reinforced the SPI materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nanoscale hydroxypropyl lignin on properties of soy protein plastics

Chen

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Section: Nanoparticle Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the fractal approach, some studies have already elucidated a supramolecular structure using the relationship between hydrodynamic and fractal properties of lignin [ 77 , 78 ]. The topological and supramolecular level fractal properties of lignin are due to non-linear self-assembly and are related to the dynamic mode of the strange attractors type of fractals [ 77 , 79 ]. As concluded in theoretical studies, if monolignols are assumed to diffuse to the site of lignification, then the fractal theory can be utilized in explaining the biosynthesis, polymerization, and molecular and supramolecular assembly of lignin [ 78 ].…”

Section: Nanoparticle Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Self-Assembly of Lignin and Its Application in Nanoparticle Synthesis: A Short Review

2019

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Lignin serves as a significant contributor to the natural stock of non-fossilized carbon, second only to cellulose in the biosphere. In this review article, we focus on the self-assembly properties of lignin and their contribution to its effective utilization and valorization. Traditionally, investigations on self-assembly properties of lignin have aimed at understanding the lignification process of the cell wall and using it for efficient delignification for commercial purposes. In recent years (mainly the last three years), an increased number of attempts and reports of technical-lignin nanostructure synthesis with controlled particle size and morphology have been published. This has renewed the interests in the self-assembly properties of technical lignins and their possible applications. Based on the sources and processing methods of lignin, there are significant differences between its structure and properties, which is the primary obstacle in the generalized understanding of the lignin structure and the lignification process occurring within cell walls. The reported studies are also specific to source and processing methods. This work has been divided into two parts. In the first part, the aggregation propensity of lignin based on type, source and extraction method, temperature, and pH of solution is discussed. This is followed by a critical overview of non-covalent interactions and their contribution to the self-associative properties of lignin. The role of self-assembly towards the understanding of xylogenesis and nanoparticle synthesis is also discussed. A particular emphasis is placed on the interaction and forces involved that are used to explain the self-association of lignin.

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“…1), based on guaiacylic and syringic phenylpropanoid units [2]. Today there is no consen sus about the structure of lignin macromolecules and the mechanism of its formation in the biosynthesis [3,4]. The situation is complicated by the high lability of the natural high molecular compound, resulting in substantial differences in the properties of lignin prep arations obtained by different methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of sample preparation conditions in the study of lignin by MALDI mass spectrometry

et al. 2014

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In this study we compared the efficiencies of six crystalline matrices and their mixtures for the MALDI of lignin and studied the effect of sample application technique and matrix to analyte ratio on the quality of the mass spectrum. It was found that the best results can be obtained when α cyano 4 hydroxycin namic and 2,5 dihydroxybenzoic acids, and also 2,4,6 trihydroxyacetophenone are used as matrices, taken in 10 to 100 fold excesses with respect to lignin and sequentially applied onto the target in the order analytematrix-analyte. The use of ionic liquids as martices for obtaining lignin MALDI mass spectra was proposed for the first time. It was shown that the N tert butyl N isopropyl N methylammonium α cyano 4 hydroxy cinnamate ionic liquid, which forms a homogeneous solution with lignin, gives substantially better results compared to crystalline matrices in the intensity and reproducibility of the mass spectra obtained. The struc ture of MALDI mass spectra of spruce dioxane lignin related to the predominance of units derived from α guaiacylpropanone in the macromolecule is analyzed.

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Lignin. Structural organisation and fractal properties

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of nanoscale hydroxypropyl lignin on properties of soy protein plastics

Effects of nanoscale hydroxypropyl lignin on properties of soy protein plastics

The Self-Assembly of Lignin and Its Application in Nanoparticle Synthesis: A Short Review

Optimization of sample preparation conditions in the study of lignin by MALDI mass spectrometry

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