Lignin preparation from oil palm empty fruit bunches by sequential acid/alkaline treatment – A biorefinery approach

Medina, Jesús David Coral; Woiciechowski, Adenise Lorenci; Filho, Arion Zandoná; Noseda, Miguel D.; Kaur, Brar Satinder; Soccol, Carlos Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.018

Cited by 82 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The FTIR absorbance of the pulverized EFB samples are shown in figure 5, while the assigned wavelengths for the major functional groups and bonds are recorded in table 1. The observed absorbance is similar to those reported in literature [1,20,28,29]. Figure 5(a) shows changes in the absorbance (at medium intensities) that are representative of the lignin content, which are observed for C-H bonds for aromatics in syringyl and guaiacyl at 1109 cm −1 [1,20] (ref.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)supporting

confidence: 87%

“…The observed absorbance is similar to those reported in literature [1,20,28,29]. Figure 5(a) shows changes in the absorbance (at medium intensities) that are representative of the lignin content, which are observed for C-H bonds for aromatics in syringyl and guaiacyl at 1109 cm −1 [1,20] (ref. figure 5(b)), and also for the lignin associated C=C vibration aromatic ring at 1605 cm −1 [20] ( figure 5(a)).…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)supporting

confidence: 87%

“…The syringyl concentrations in the lignin of EFBs have been reported to be higher compared to the other components, such as guaiacyl [1,19] and p-hydroxyphenyl [18]. At a power discharge of 27 W and a power density of 0.95 W cm −2 , the NTP treatment in this study is lower in intensity compared to that of Peters et al [21] (with power densities of 1.6-3.1 W cm −2 ), but as the treatment duration increases from 0 to 1 h, the exposure of the EFB to NTP treatment increases.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently palm-based empty fruit bunches (EFB) are utilized for producing high-value added products, such as activated carbons, cellulose and fine chemicals for different industries [1]. These processes can be made more efficient to improve the economics and reduce their carbon footprint [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the NTP treatments are mostly applied for different species of wood, and the effects of NTP treatment on palm-based EFB have not been investigated widely. Of particular interest is the effect of the NTP treatment on the EFB's lignin components, consisting of p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl and syringyl [1,18,19] (readers are referred to [1] for a more detailed description of the lignin components and structure). In this study, the effects of NTP on EFB are investigated in terms of changes in the associated functional groups and chemical bonds, chemical scavenging reactivity, and surface morphology (qualitatively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Lim

Zulkifli

2018

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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The effects of non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment on biomass in the form of pulverized palmbased empty fruit bunches (EFB) are investigated. Specifically, this study investigates the effects of NTP treatment on the surface reactivity, morphology, oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratio of the EFB at varying treatment times. The surface reactivity is determined by the reaction of antioxidant functional groups or reactive species with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). By measuring the concentration of the DPPH with a spectrophotometer, the change in the amount of antioxidant functional groups can be measured to determine the surface reactivity. The reactions of the various lignin components in the EFB with respect to the NTP treatment are discussed by qualitatively assessing the changes in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The surface morphology is examined by a scanning electron microscope. To determine the amount of oxygen deposited on the EFB by the air-based NTP treatment, the oxygen and carbon contents are measured by an energy dispersive x-ray detector to determine the O/C ratio. The results show that the NTP reactor produced reactive species such as atomic oxygen and ozone, increasing the surface reactivity and chemical scavenging rate of the EFB. Consequently, the surface morphology changed, with an observed rougher surface from the images of the EFB samples. The change in the appearance of the surface is accompanied by a high O/C ratio, and is caused by reactions of certain components of lignin due to the NTP treatment. The lignin component that was modified is believed to be syringyl, as the syringyl portion in the lignin of EFBs is higher compared to the other components. Syringyl components are detected in the range of FTIR wavenumbers of 1109-1363 cm −1. With increasing NTP treatment times, the absorbance (of the peaks in the FTIR spectra) for syringyl related C−H and lignin associated C=C bonds decreases as the syringyl decomposes. The resulting release of carboxyl compounds increases the absorbance for the carbonyl C=O group. The results show that NTP treatment is able to modify the surface properties of EFB, and that the surface reactivity can be increased to improve their conversion and processing efficiencies.

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Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Fourier Transform Infra-red (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Lim

Zulkifli

2018

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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Bioeconomy and biofuels: the case of sugarcane ethanol in Brazil

Karp¹,

Medina

Letti³

et al. 2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Brazilian bioethanol is one of the most prominent biofuels produced on a large scale, representing 30% of the global fuel ethanol production share. Around 8.6 billion gallons were produced in 2019, second only to the US fuel ethanol production in the same period (15.8 billion gallons). Obtained from sugarcane in a highly energy‐efficient process, the biofuel, which can be used in Brazil as 100% ethanol (hydrated, minimum mass content of 92.5%) or in a volume proportion of 27% (anhydrous ethanol) in common gasoline, has contributed to the reduction of oil dependency and CO2 emissions, as well as to the development of an important economic sector. Pioneer biofuel policies and important advances in science and technology led to the establishment of a 46% renewable energy matrix. In this manuscript, an overview of the impacts of ethanol production and utilization will be given, with respect to environmental and socio‐economic concerns. The public policies and some technical aspects of sugarcane and ethanol production and energy cogeneration will be reviewed and discussed. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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New nanocomposite made of cashew apple bagasse lignin and Fe₃O₄ for immobilizing of lipase B from Candida antarctica aiming at esterification

Serpa

Matias

Fechine

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Novel magnetite‐lignin hybrid materials were synthesized using lignin from cashew apple bagasse (CAB) and iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite, Fe3O4). The new material, termed MNs/Lig (magnetite conjugated with lignin), was used as a support for the immobilization of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL─B), aiming to obtain an active and stable biocatalyst that is easily recoverable from the reactional medium. RESULTS The magnetite/lignin composite showed a higher thermal stability than pure lignin, and it presented good magnetic properties, both before and after the immobilization procedure. The immobilization yield was higher using the unaltered MN/Lig as a support than when using the glutaraldehyde‐activated MNs/Lig (MNs/Lig_GA), with yields of 66.6% and 40.0%, respectively. The presence of Triton X‐100 did not influence the immobilization yield or the thermal stability of the biocatalyst when employing the unaltered MNs/Lig. However, it influenced the thermal stability of the lipase immobilized on MNs/Lig_GA, lowering the biocatalyst stability, which showed a half‐life 11‐fold lower than that of MNs/Lig_GA_CALB. The biocatalysts were tested with regards to the synthesis of ethyl oleate using oleic acid and ethanol as substrates, and 2‐ethylhexyl oleate (a biolubricant) using oleic acid and 2‐ethyl‐hexanol as substrate. The conversions obtained by MNs/Lig_Tri_CALB were 88.2% and 76.7% for ethyl oleate and 2‐ethylhexyl oleate, respectively. CONCLUSION The novel strategy presented in this work for obtaining a biocatalyst using synthesized hybrids (MNs/Lig) may be a promising route for lipase immobilization because it can be considered environmentally benign and it shows a strong potential use in several reactions of industrial interest. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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Lignin preparation from oil palm empty fruit bunches by sequential acid/alkaline treatment – A biorefinery approach

Cited by 82 publications

References 30 publications

Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Bioeconomy and biofuels: the case of sugarcane ethanol in Brazil

New nanocomposite made of cashew apple bagasse lignin and Fe₃O₄ for immobilizing of lipase B from Candida antarctica aiming at esterification

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Lignin preparation from oil palm empty fruit bunches by sequential acid/alkaline treatment – A biorefinery approach

Cited by 82 publications

References 30 publications

Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Bioeconomy and biofuels: the case of sugarcane ethanol in Brazil

New nanocomposite made of cashew apple bagasse lignin and Fe3O4 for immobilizing of lipase B from Candida antarctica aiming at esterification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

New nanocomposite made of cashew apple bagasse lignin and Fe₃O₄ for immobilizing of lipase B from Candida antarctica aiming at esterification