Lignin Functionalization for the Production of Novel Materials

Bertella, Stefania; Luterbacher, Jeremy S.

doi:10.1016/j.trechm.2020.03.001

Cited by 207 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Lignin derivatization is recognized as a valuable path to improve its thermo-mechanical properties and achieve specialty uses [ 20 , 22 ]. Particularly, the presence of aromatic and aliphatic hydroxyl groups in lignin facilitates chemical reactions such as esterification, etherification and urethanization [ 23 , 24 ]. Partial or complete derivatization of lignin through its hydroxyl groups is recognized for its usefulness for enhancing lignin compatibility with non-polar polymer matrices [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV Protective, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Compostable Polylactic Acid Composites Containing Pristine and Chemically Modified Lignin Nanoparticles

Cavallo

Luzi

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Polylactic acid (PLA) films containing 1 wt % and 3 wt % of lignin nanoparticles (pristine (LNP), chemically modified with citric acid (caLNP) and acetylated (aLNP)) were prepared by extrusion and characterized in terms of their overall performance as food packaging materials. Morphological, mechanical, thermal, UV–Vis barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties were assayed; appropriate migration values in food simulants and disintegration in simulated composting conditions were also verified. The results obtained indicated that all lignin nanoparticles succeeded in conferring UV-blocking, antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the PLA films, especially at the higher filler loadings assayed. Chemical modification of the fillers partially reduced the UV protection and the antioxidant properties of the resulting composites, but it induced better nanoparticles dispersion, reduced aggregates size, enhanced ductility and improved aesthetic quality of the films through reduction of the characteristic dark color of lignin. Migration tests and disintegration assays of the nanocomposites in simulated composting conditions indicated that, irrespectively of their formulation, the multifunctional nanocomposite films prepared behaved similarly to neat PLA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV Protective, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Compostable Polylactic Acid Composites Containing Pristine and Chemically Modified Lignin Nanoparticles

Cavallo

Luzi

et al. 2020

Molecules

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“…Lignin structure is as shown below in which there is ether or ester linkages with hemicellulose which is also associated with cellulose. 19 , 20 Figure 2 presents the structure of lignocellulosic biomass with major components. 19 The pure form of natural lignin is colorless, however, its color changes to brown or dark brown after acid or alkali treatment.…”

Section: Lignin Structural Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin: Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Applications

Kumar¹,

Butreddy²,

Kommineni³

et al. 2021

IJN

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Lignin is an abundant renewable natural biopolymer. Moreover, a significant development in lignin pretreatment and processing technologies has opened a new window to explore lignin and lignin-based bionanomaterials. In the last decade, lignin has been widely explored in different applications such as drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, food science, water purification, biofuels, environmental, pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical, catalysis, and other interesting low-value-added energy applications. The complex nature and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and biocompatibility of lignin attracted its use in various biomedical applications because of ease of functionalization, availability of diverse functional sites, tunable physicochemical and mechanical properties. In addition to it, its diverse properties such as reactivity towards oxygen radical, metal chelation, renewable nature, biodegradability, favorable interaction with cells, nature to mimic the extracellular environment, and ease of nanoparticles preparation make it a very interesting material for biomedical use. Tremendous progress has been made in drug delivery and tissue engineering in recent years. However, still, it remains challenging to identify an ideal and compatible nanomaterial for biomedical applications. In this review, recent progress of lignin towards biomedical applications especially in drug delivery and in tissue engineering along with challenges, future possibilities have been comprehensively reviewed.

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“…Actually, lignin itself has been directly used for bio‐based polymer production . However, as the properties of the obtained polymer materials strongly depended on the structures of the original lignin, reproducibility of material properties and therefore large scale production processes were key difficulties .…”

Section: Application Of Monomers Produced From Lignin‐first Biorefinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Downstream Processing Strategies for Lignin‐First Biorefinery

et al. 2020

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The lignin-first strategy has emerged as one of the most powerful approaches for generating novel platform chemicals from lignin by efficient depolymerization of native lignin. Because of the emergence of this novel depolymerization method and the definition of viable platform chemicals, future focus will soon shift towards innovative downstream processing strategies. Very recently, many interesting approaches have emerged that describe the production of valuable products across the whole value chain, including bulk and fine chemical building blocks, and several concrete examples have been developed for the production of polymers, pharmaceutically relevant compounds, or fuels. This Minireview provides an overview of these recent advances. After a short summary of catalytic systems for obtaining aromatic monomers, a comprehensive discussion on their separation and applications is given. This Minireview will fill the gap in biorefinery between deriving high yields of lignin monomers and tapping into their potential for making valuable consumer products.

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Lignin Functionalization for the Production of Novel Materials

Abstract: Trends in Chemistry opportunities for the production of controlled lignin structures and the incorporation of these structures into materials, which we describe later.

Cited by 207 publications

References 99 publications

UV Protective, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Compostable Polylactic Acid Composites Containing Pristine and Chemically Modified Lignin Nanoparticles

UV Protective, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Compostable Polylactic Acid Composites Containing Pristine and Chemically Modified Lignin Nanoparticles

Lignin: Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Applications

Downstream Processing Strategies for Lignin‐First Biorefinery

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