Lignin-Derived Biomaterials for Drug Release and Tissue Engineering

Witzler, Markus; Alzagameem, Abla; Bergs, Michel; Khaldi-Hansen, Basma El; Klein, Stephanie Elisabeth; Hielscher, Dorothee; Kamm, Birgit; Kreyenschmidt, Judith; Tobiasch, Edda; Schulze, Margit

doi:10.3390/molecules23081885

Cited by 148 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…In HPMC/lignin/chitosan films, the 5% addition exhibited activity against both B. thermosphacta and P. fluorescens [52]. Currently, these lignin-derived composites are studied regarding their applications as scaffold component for mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and bone regeneration [55]. To do so, lignin as feedstock component has to be specified including protocols for quality control using novel chemometric data analysis methods [56,57].…”

Section: E Coli and S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

et al. 2019

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Due to global ecological and economic challenges that have been correlated to the transition from fossil-based to renewable resources, fundamental studies are being performed worldwide to replace fossil fuel raw materials in plastic production. One aspect of current research is the development of lignin-derived polyols to substitute expensive fossil-based polyol components for polyurethane and polyester production. This article describes the synthesis of bioactive lignin-based polyurethane coatings using unmodified and demethylated Kraft lignins. Demethylation was performed to enhance the reaction selectivity toward polyurethane formation. The antimicrobial activity was tested according to a slightly modified standard test (JIS Z 2801(JIS Z :2010. Besides effects caused by the lignins themselves, triphenylmethane derivatives (brilliant green and crystal violet) were used as additional antimicrobial substances. Results showed increased antimicrobial capacity against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the coating color could be varied from dark brown to green and blue, respectively.Coatings 2019, 9, 494 2 of 16 and DNA in cells of mice against oxidation damage [19] have been tested. Gao [20] and Bshena [21] studied the antimicrobial activity of various textiles, using lignin incorporated into polyethylene films and applied in the finishing processes. For textiles, there are special requirements such as non-toxicity to the consumer, namely cytotoxicity, allergy or irritation and sensitization. In other recent studies, lignosulfonic acid is reported to exhibit broad-spectrum anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and anti-HSV (herpes simplex virus) properties [22,23]. Thus, Qiu investigated the anti-HIV-1 activity-potential of lignosulfonates as a microbicide to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission [23]. Another recently reported study revealed that the antimicrobial capacity of lignin correlates with the phenolic components, specifically the side chain structure and the nature of further functional groups [24]. Typically, the presence of a double bond in α, β positions of the side chain and a methyl group in the γ position grants the phenolic fragments with the most potency against microorganisms. However, none of the hitherto published studies included the investigation of the antibacterial activity of lignin when included in polymeric matrices.Unmodified lignin is widely studied as a component for polymer production with a focus on phenol-formaldehyde resins and polyurethanes (PUs) [25], where lignin is used as polyol substitute due to the high amount of hydroxyl groups resulting in high crosslinking densities and variable mechanical properties [26][27][28]. In previous studies, lignin-derived polyurethane coatings have been prepared using Kraft lignin isolated at room temperature from aqueous media (black liquor) at different pH values [29]. In addition, their antioxidative activity has been investigated using the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay [30]. Although lignin contains many functionalities, they are often diff...

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Section: E Coli and S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

et al. 2019

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“…Currently, there are approximately 17 species investigated in Europe for energy and material development including Miscanthus tinctorius, M. sinensis, M. sacchariflorus and the triploid genotype M. x giganteus, an allotriploid hybrid of the diploid M. sinensis and the tetraploid M. sacchariflorus. Miscanthus field trials have been performed in Europe over the past 25 years and their linkages differ significantly [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. Figure 1 shows the most common linkages of lignin formed during biosynthesis, some of them confirmed within the last five years [55,61,62].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miscanthus x giganteus Stem versus Leaf-derived Lignins Differing in Monolignol Ratio and Linkage

Bergs¹,

Völkering²,

Kraska³

et al. 2019

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As a renewable industrial crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages, namely high photosynthesis activity (as a C4 plant) and exceptional CO2 fixation rate. These properties make Miscanthus very attractive for industrial exploitation, such as lignin generation. Here, we present a systematic study analyzing the correlation of the lignin structure with Miscanthus genotype and plant portion (stem versus leaf). Specifically, the ratio of the three monolignols and corresponding building blocks as well as the linkages formed between the units have been studied. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype and plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between chemical structure and properties of the lignins have been determined, i.e. correlations in molecular weight, polydispersity and decomposition temperature. Lignin isolation was performed using non-catalyzed organosolv pulping and the structure analysis includes NREL, FTIR, UV-Vis, HSQC-NMR, TGA, pyrolysis GC/MS. Structural differences were found for stem and leaf-derived lignins. Compared to beech wood lignins, Miscanthus lignins possess lower molecular weight and narrow polydispersities (< 1.5 Miscanthus vs. > 2.5 beech) corresponding to improved homogeneity. In addition to conventional univariate analysis of FTIR spectra, multivariate chemometrics revealed distinct differences for aromatic in-plane deformations of stem versus leaf-derived lignins. These results emphasize the potential of Miscanthus as low-input resource and Miscanthus-derived lignin as promising agricultural feedstock.

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“…Hybrid materials comprised of both, polymers and ceramics, combine their advantages, resulting in biocompatible, cell supporting systems that have reasonable mechanical properties. They often aim to mimic natural bone, which itself is comprised of water; organic components (mainly collagen type I and other proteins), providing flexibility; and mineral components (such as calcium phosphates), providing toughness and strength [53,[62][63][64][65][66]. Polymeric, ceramic, and hybrid systems are also used in drug and growth factor delivery, since they can be tuned in order to release substances in a controlled way.…”

Section: Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration

et al. 2019

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Bone tissue engineering is an ever-changing, rapidly evolving, and highly interdisciplinary field of study, where scientists try to mimic natural bone structure as closely as possible in order to facilitate bone healing. New insights from cell biology, specifically from mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and signaling, lead to new approaches in bone regeneration. Novel scaffold and drug release materials based on polysaccharides gain increasing attention due to their wide availability and good biocompatibility to be used as hydrogels and/or hybrid components for drug release and tissue engineering. This article reviews the current state of the art, recent developments, and future perspectives in polysaccharide-based systems used for bone regeneration.

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Lignin-Derived Biomaterials for Drug Release and Tissue Engineering

Cited by 148 publications

References 104 publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

Miscanthus x giganteus Stem versus Leaf-derived Lignins Differing in Monolignol Ratio and Linkage

Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration

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