Lignin Degradation:A Microbial Approach

Aarti, Chirom; Arasu, Mariadhas Valan; Agastian, Paul

doi:10.22205/sijbs/2015/v1/i3/100405

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Lignin peroxidases were first discovered in Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Tien and Kirk 1983 ; Paszczynski, Huynh and Crawford 1986 ; Kirk and Farrell 1987 ) and later in Trametes versicolor (Johansson and Nyman 1993 ), Bjerkandera sp., and Phlebia tremellosa , which are well known white rot fungi (Aarti, Arasu and Agastian 2015 ) . Activity of LiP has previously been detected in some bacteria, such as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Streptomyces viridosporus (Dashtban et al.…”

Section: Major Groups Of Lmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution

Janusz

Pawlik

Sulej

et al. 2017

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

669

480

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Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to describing degradation of wood, which is a complex process; hence, microorganisms have evolved different enzymatic and non-enzymatic strategies to utilize this plentiful plant material. This review describes a number of fungal and bacterial organisms which have developed both competitive and mutualistic strategies for the decomposition of wood and to thrive in different ecological niches. Through the analysis of the enzymatic machinery engaged in wood degradation, it was possible to elucidate different strategies of wood decomposition which often depend on ecological niches inhabited by given organism. Moreover, a detailed description of low molecular weight compounds is presented, which gives these organisms not only an advantage in wood degradation processes, but seems rather to be a new evolutionatory alternative to enzymatic combustion. Through analysis of genomics and secretomic data, it was possible to underline the probable importance of certain wood-degrading enzymes produced by different fungal organisms, potentially giving them advantage in their ecological niches. The paper highlights different fungal strategies of wood degradation, which possibly correlates to the number of genes coding for secretory enzymes. Furthermore, investigation of the evolution of wood-degrading organisms has been described.

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Section: Major Groups Of Lmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution

Janusz

Pawlik

Sulej

et al. 2017

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

669

480

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“…These lignocellulytic fungi and bacteria have own capabilities to produce several ligninolytic enzymes for the degradation of lignocellulosic waste (Sanchez, 2009Renugadevi et al, 2011. The degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose are complex in nature as it involves various enzymatic pathways and some of them also present in the form of insoluble crystalline fibers (Aarti et al, 2015). Degradation of crystalline cellulose is an enzymatic process including β-glucosidases, cellobiohydrolases, and β1-4-glucanases (Aarti et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose are complex in nature as it involves various enzymatic pathways and some of them also present in the form of insoluble crystalline fibers (Aarti et al, 2015). Degradation of crystalline cellulose is an enzymatic process including β-glucosidases, cellobiohydrolases, and β1-4-glucanases (Aarti et al, 2015). The degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose by various aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms has been reported with the production of carbon dioxide and glucose (Dimarogona et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligninolytic enzymes and its mechanisms for degradation of lignocellulosic waste in environment

Kumar

Chandra

2020

Heliyon

338

157

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Ligninolytic enzymes play a key role in degradation and detoxification of lignocellulosic waste in environment. The major ligninolytic enzymes are laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and versatile peroxidase. The activities of these enzymes are enhanced by various mediators as well as some other enzymes (feruloyl esterase, aryl-alcohol oxidase, quinone reductases, lipases, catechol 2, 3-dioxygenase) to facilitate the process for degradation and detoxification of lignocellulosic waste in environment. The structurally laccase is isoenzymes with monomeric or dimeric and glycosylation levels (10-45%). This contains four copper ions of three different types. The enzyme catalyzes the overall reaction:While, lignin peroxidase is a glycoprotein molecular mass of 38-46 kDa containing one mole of iron protoporphyrin IX per one mol of protein, catalyzes the H 2 O 2 dependent oxidative depolymerization of lignin. The manganese peroxidase is a glycosylated heme protein with molecular mass of 40-50kDa. It depolymerizes the lignin molecule in the presence of manganese ion. The versatile peroxidase has broad range substrate sharing typical features of the manganese and lignin peroxidase families. Although ligninolytic enzymes have broad range of industrial application specially the degradation and detoxification of lignocellulosic waste discharged from various industrial activities, its large scale application is still limited due to lack of limited production. Further, the extremophilic properties of ligninolytic enzymes indicated their broad prospects in varied environmental conditions. Therefore it needs more extensive research for understanding its structure and mechanisms for broad range commercial applications.

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“…Soft-rot fungi mainly include Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes and preferentially degrade hardwood [ 45 ]. The soft-rot fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum were found to degrade pine and sycamore wood [ 46 ], and some soft-rot fungi can degrade vanillic acid and phenols rapidly [ 47 ]. While little is known about the enzymes of soft-rot fungi involved in degrading lignin, it was suggested that soft-rot fungi might modify rather than mineralize lignin.…”

Section: Lignin Depolymerization By Microorganisms and Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depolymerization and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis

Weng

Peng

Han

2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

146

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Lignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic compound in nature, is an excellent feedstock for value-added bioproducts manufacturing; while the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of which hindered the efficient lignin biorefinery and utilization. Compared with chemical processing, bioprocessing with microbial and enzymatic catalysis is a clean and efficient method for lignin depolymerization and conversion. Generally, lignin bioprocessing involves lignin decomposition to lignin-based aromatics via extracellular microbial enzymes and further converted to value-added bioproducts through microbial metabolism. In the review, the most recent advances in degradation and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts catalyzed by microbes and enzymes were summarized. The lignin-degrading microorganisms of white-rot fungi, brown-rot fungi, soft-rot fungi, and bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were comparatively analyzed. The catalytic metabolism of the microbial lignin-degrading enzymes of laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, biphenyl bond cleavage enzyme, versatile peroxidase, and β-etherize was discussed. The microbial metabolic process of H-lignin, G-lignin, S-lignin based derivatives, protocatechuic acid, and catechol was reviewed. Lignin was depolymerized to lignin-derived aromatic compounds by the secreted enzymes of fungi and bacteria, and the aromatics were converted to value-added compounds through microbial catalysis and metabolic engineering. The review also proposes new insights for future work to overcome the recalcitrance of lignin and convert it to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis.

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Lignin Degradation:A Microbial Approach

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution

Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution

Ligninolytic enzymes and its mechanisms for degradation of lignocellulosic waste in environment

Depolymerization and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis

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