Lightweight smart autofocusing eyeglasses

Hasan, Nazmul; Karkhanis, Mohit; Ghosh, Chayanjit; Khan, Fariha; Ghosh, Tridib; Kim, H.; Mastrangelo, Carlos H.

doi:10.1117/12.2300737

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…High refractive index materials are required to improve the performance of eyeglass lenses, optical fibers, and optical devices, such as waveguide-based optical circuits, optical interference filters and mirrors, optical sensors, and solar cells [1,2]. High refractive index polymers and/or polymer composites have been attracting much attention as they are light-weight and have high flexibility and high formability compared to inorganic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of High Refractive Index Composite Films Based on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Hybridized Hydrophilic Polymers

et al. 2019

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Optical materials with high refractive index (n) have been rapidly improved because of urgent demands imposed by the development of advanced photonic and electronic devices such as solar cells, light emitting diodes (LED and Organic LED), optical lenses and filters, anti-reflection films, and optical adhesives. One successful method to obtain high refractive index materials is the blending of metal oxide nanoparticles such as TiO2 and ZrO2 with high n values of 2.1–2.7 into conventional polymers. However, these nanoparticles have a tendency to agglomerate by themselves in a conventional polymer matrix, due to the strong attractive forces between them. Therefore, there is a limitation in the blending amount of inorganic nanoparticles. In this paper, various hydrophilic polymers such as poly(N-hydroxyl acrylamide) (pHEAAm), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene glycol), and poly(acrylic acid) were examined for preparation of high refractive index film based on titanium oxide nanoparticle (TiNP) dispersed polymer composite. The hydrogen bonding sites in these hydrophilic polymers would improve the dispersibility of inorganic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. As a result, pHEAAm exhibited higher compatibility with titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiNPs) than other water-soluble polymers. Transparent hybrid films were prepared by mixing pHEAAm with TiNPs and drop casting the mixture onto a glass plate. The refractive indices of the films were in good agreement with calculated values. The compatibility of TiNPs with pHEAAm was dependent on the surface characteristics of TiNPs. TiNPs with the highest observed compatibility could be hybridized with pHEAAm at concentrations of up to 90 wt%, and the refractive index of the corresponding film reached 1.90. The high compatibility of TiNPs with pHEAAm may be related to the hydrophilicity and amide and hydroxyl moieties of pHEAAm, which cause hydrogen bond formation on the TiO2 surface. The obtained thin film was slightly yellow due to the color of the original TiNP dispersion; however, the transmittance of the film was higher than 80% in the wavelength range from 480 to 900 nm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of High Refractive Index Composite Films Based on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Hybridized Hydrophilic Polymers

et al. 2019

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“…Standard presbyopic glasses only allow individuals to see objects at a certain distance. Recently, Hasan et al developed a lightweight autofocusing smart eyeglass [14,15] with a distance sensor for detecting distance and tunable eyepieces for adaptively calculating the optical power and adjusting the required focus. Later, Padmanaman et al introduced an eye-tracker and depth camera to control tunable lenses and developed the "autofocals" system [31], which will be a promising solution for presbyopia assistance in the future.…”

Section: Ar Assistant Devices For Ophthalmic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, augmented reality (AR) technology has begun to be widely used as an assistance and treatment for eye diseases [14,15,31,3]. Inspired by occlusion-capable AR displays [19,44,17,23] and adaptive dynamic range cameras [28], we have proposed a basic concept of the architecture [16] that uses a single spatial light modulator (SLM) for selective dimming and a scene camera (SC) for scene detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Prototyping of Computational Sunglasses for Autism Spectrum Disorders

Hu¹,

Zhang²,

Isoyama³

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)

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We propose a smart dimming sunglasses system for individuals with photophobia, especially those who are easily irritated by light intensity. The system uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) to selectively filter light entering the eye based on the scene detection of a camera. By controlling the transmittance of each pixel on the SLM using a modulation function, the proposed sunglasses enable an automated non-linear field of view dimming and also flexible light modulation that meets the photophobic user's visual requirements. Meanwhile, an occlusion mask created on the SLM, which possesses low transmittance to block the incoming light rays, appears blurred from the eye since the focal plane is not on the SLM and blocks the light stimulation insufficiently. To solve this problem, the aperture-based expanded mask has been used in past studies, however, the excessive large expansion ratio used in this approach leads to over-blocking (occlusion leak). In this work, we build an optimization model by simulating the defocused occlusion mask and determining the effective contribution of the degraded pixels based on the occlusion efficiency of the pixel transmittance. While the non-processed mask cannot provide sufficient occlusion and the aperture-based expanded mask causes occlusion leak, our optimized mask attenuates the intensely bright areas to a proper brightness without incorrectly attenuating surrounding areas that no need to modulation.

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“…Smart-eyeglasses consist of three main electronic components – sensors, embedded computing systems and adjustable focus lenses. They use a host of sensors to determine the object distance 9,10,12 and the gaze (point of visual focus) of every eye 11,13 . Using this data, the embedded computing systems within these devices can near-instantaneously change the optical power of the adjustable-focus lenses by performing quick calculations which use real-time sensor data and electronically-stored accommodation data of the patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Accommodation Deficiency in Presbyopia Patients

Karkhanis

Banerjee

Ghosh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Purpose: We describe new phenomenological illumination-dependent static models of the accommodation deficiency for patients with presbyopia. Such models are suitable for vision restoration with adaptive-optics accommodating eyeglasses and contact lenses. Methods: Data from fifteen participants over the age of 45 and diagnosed with presbyopia was collected. Participants were asked to wear a pair of mechanically-tunable eyeglasses and clearly identify the optotypes corresponding to the LogMAR 0.0 line on Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts, by suitably adjusting the optical powers of the lenses on these tunable eyeglasses for each measurement. Seven ETDRS charts, placed at distances from the patients varying from 4 m through 30 cm, were used under three chart illumination levels (75 lx, 500 lx and 800 lx). The optical power of the lenses in the patient-adjusted tunable eyeglasses was subsequently measured using a Shack-Hartman wavefront sensor for each chart, which provided the accommodation deficiency data of the participants. Results: The measured accommodation deficiency data from 15 presbyopes was curve-fitted to a model for each patient. The calculated root-mean-square error values for the fitted models ranged between 0.09 D - 0.67 D over a 3.08 D accommodation stimulus range. Conclusions: The data shows that while accommodation deficiency in humans is a function of the stimulus, it is also strongly dependent on the object illumination and age of the patients. The models adequately describe the relation between static accommodation deficiency, accommodation stimulus and object illumination.

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Lightweight smart autofocusing eyeglasses

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Preparation of High Refractive Index Composite Films Based on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Hybridized Hydrophilic Polymers

Preparation of High Refractive Index Composite Films Based on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Hybridized Hydrophilic Polymers

Design and Prototyping of Computational Sunglasses for Autism Spectrum Disorders

Models of Accommodation Deficiency in Presbyopia Patients

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