Lightweight Plastic Materials

Kozłowski, Marek

doi:10.5772/37624

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Considering that about fifteen billion kilograms of solvents are produced every year worldwide, their usage represents a critical environmental problem because of the noticeable emission of toxic compounds and of polluted waste water production [3]. Therefore, traditional blowing agents (such as pentane, butane, chlorofluoro hydrocarbons) have been withdrawn and replaced by gases like argon, nitrogen and carbon dioxide [1,4]. Recently, the usage of supercritical fluids (SFCs) has been considered as a valuable path to produce polymer foams [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, a significant reduction in the weight of the components can be reached with polymer foams thus leading to substantial fuel savings in transports with noticeable economic and environmental advantages. Furthermore, a low material density implies natural resources savings, since less material is required for the manufacturing of consumer goods [1]. Due to their elevated thermal insulation power, an important application of polymer foams is represented by insulation of building constructions [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behaviour of cyclic olefin copolymer/exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets nanocomposites foamed through supercritical carbon dioxide

Biani¹,

Dorigato²,

Bonani³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.A cycloolefin copolymer matrix was melt mixed with exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) and the resulting nanocomposites were foamed by supercritical carbon dioxide. The density of the obtained foams decreased with the foaming pressure. Moreover, xGnP limited the cell growth during the expansion process thus reducing the cell diameter (from 1.08 to 0.22 mm with an XGnP amount of 10 wt% at 150 bar) and increasing the cell density (from 12 to 45 cells/mm 2 with a nanofiller content of 10 wt% at 150 bar). Electron microscopy observations of foams evidenced exfoliation and orientation of the nanoplatelets along the cell walls. Quasi-static compressive tests and tensile creep tests on foams clearly indicated that xGnP improved the modulus (up to a factor of 10 for a xGnP content of 10 wt%) and the creep stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behaviour of cyclic olefin copolymer/exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets nanocomposites foamed through supercritical carbon dioxide

Biani¹,

Dorigato²,

Bonani³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…Process control for exothermic CBAs is more difficult and generally results in large and nonuniform cell-sized products. 85 Unless the composition is low-temperature curable, CBAs necessitate the formation of viscous (glassy) phase to generate closed porosity C&Gs.…”

Section: Panel Ii: Foam Glass and Glass Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endothermic ones necessitate heat for decomposition maintenance; therefore, it is possible to control the decomposition and produce relatively small celled structures. Process control for exothermic CBAs is more difficult and generally results in large and nonuniform cell‐sized products . Unless the composition is low‐temperature curable, CBAs necessitate the formation of viscous (glassy) phase to generate closed porosity C&Gs.…”

Section: Processing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…at RT. 85,190 Thermal shock resistance (R TS ) is the ability to withstand the stresses caused because of sudden temperature changes, instead thermal (stress) fatigue is a failure due to cyclic thermal stresses/strains caused by temperature fluctuations. While the latter has not been investigated thoroughly for closed porosity C&Gs, 191 the R TS of brittle materials has been well-documented, 192 and known to be affected by the elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, strength, and the Poisson's ratio.…”

Section: Thermal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Closed porosity ceramics and glasses

2020

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In the last three decades, considerable effort has been devoted to obtain both open and closed porosity ceramics & glasses in order to benefit from unique combination of properties such as mechanical strength, thermal and chemical stability at low‐relative density. Most of these investigations were directed to the production and the analysis of the properties for open porosity materials, and regrettably quite a few compositions and manufacturing methods were documented for closed porosity ceramics & glasses in the scientific literature so far. This review focuses on the processing strategies, the properties and the applications of closed porosity ceramics & glasses with total porosity higher than 25%. The ones below such level are intentionally left out and the paper is set out to demonstrate the porous components with deliberately generated closed pores/cells. The processing strategies are categorized into five different groups, namely sacrificial templating, high‐temperature bonding of hollow structures, casting, direct foaming, and emulsions. The principles underlying these methods are given, with particular emphasis on the critical issues that affect the pore characteristics, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of the produced components.

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