Lightweight foamed concrete as a promising avenue for incorporating waste materials: A review

Shah, Syed Nasir; Mo, Kim Hung; Yap, Soon Poh; Yang, Jian; Ling, Tung-Chai

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105103

Cited by 153 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This research work indicates that the geopolymer bricks can be produced at a similar production cost to that of clay bricks, with a reduced environmental impact, making them viable on the market as an alternative low-cost, low-energy source for building material. Another research work on biomass-based geopolymer was carried out by Syed Nasir Shah et al [62]. The authors showed a unique way to design a framework to pursue lightweight geopolymer concrete with the use of industrial wastes, including bagasse ash.…”

Section: Cost and Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Industrial By-Products/Waste to Manufacture Geopolymer Cement/Concrete

Azad

Samarakoon

2021

Sustainability

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There has been a significant movement in the past decades to develop alternative sustainable building material such as geopolymer cement/concrete to control CO2 emission. Industrial waste contains pozzolanic minerals that fulfil requirements to develop the sustainable material such as alumino-silicate based geopolymer. For example, industrial waste such as red mud, fly ash, GBFS/GGBS (granulated blast furnace slag/ground granulated blast furnace slag), rice husk ash (RHA), and bagasse ash consist of minerals that contribute to the manufacturing of geopolymer cement/concrete. A literature review was carried out to study the different industrial waste/by-products and their chemical composition, which is vital for producing geopolymer cement, and to discuss the mechanical properties of geopolymer cement/concrete manufactured using different industrial waste/by-products. The durability, financial benefits and sustainability aspects of geopolymer cement/concrete have been highlighted. As per the experimental results from the literature, the cited industrial waste has been successfully utilized for the synthesis of dry or wet geopolymers. The review revealed that that the use of fly ash, GBFS/GGBS and RHA in geopolymer concrete resulted high compressive strength (i.e., 50 MPa–70 MPa). For high strength (>70 MPa) achievement, most of the slag and ash-based geopolymer cement/concrete in synergy with nano processed waste have shown good mechanical properties and environmental resistant. The alkali-activated geopolymer slag, red mud and fly ash based geopolymer binders give a better durability performance compared with other industrial waste. Based on the sustainability indicators, most of the geopolymers developed using the industrial waste have a positive impact on the environment, society and economy.

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Section: Cost and Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Industrial By-Products/Waste to Manufacture Geopolymer Cement/Concrete

Azad

Samarakoon

2021

Sustainability

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“…A recent review of lightweight concrete explored and categorized investigations that contribute to the state-of-the-art in this field [15]. The incorporation of different types of waste materials into foamed concrete was analyzed.…”

Section: Lightweight Construction Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Application of Cellular Concrete on a Mexican Residential Building and Its Influence on Energy Savings in Hot Climates: Projections to 2050

et al. 2020

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The thermal performance of economical housing located in hot climates remains a pending subject, especially in emerging economies. A cellular concrete mixture was designed, considering its thermophysical properties, to apply the new material into building envelopes. The proposed materials have low density and thermal conductivity to be used as a nonstructural lightweight construction element. From the design stage, a series of wall systems based on cellular concrete was proposed. Whereas in the second phase, the materials were analyzed to obtain the potential energy savings using dynamic simulations. It is foreseen that the energy consumption in buildings located in these climates will continue to increase critically due to the temperature increase associated with climate change. The temperatures predicted mean vote (PMV), electric energy consumption, and CO2 emissions were calculated for three IPCC scenarios. These results will help to identify the impact of climate change on the energy use of the houses built under these weather conditions. The results show that if the conventional concrete blocks continue to be used, the air conditioning energy requirements will increase to 49% for 2030 and 61% by 2050. The proposed cellular concrete could reduce energy consumption between 15% and 28%, and these saving rates would remain in the future. The results indicate that it is necessary to drive the adoption of lightweight materials, so the impact of energy use on climate change can be reduced.

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“…As a new type of lightweight material, lightweight foamed concrete has been widely valued and studied by many scholars and experts at home and abroad due to its advantages such as light weight, uprightness, high fluidity, good durability, convenient construction, and thermal insulation [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Besides, it has been gradually applied in various fields of civil engineering and achieved good engineering results, which has been vigorously promoted by the industry and widely recognized by the society [10][11][12][13][14]. Thus, the authors propose the use of lightweight foamed concrete as a filler behind the buttressed earth-retaining wall in Guangzhou-Foshan-Jiangmen Freeway of Guangdong province in China, which provides a new method to control subgrade settlement and reduce the pushing force on retaining wall (as shown in Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lightweight Foamed Concrete as Backfill Material on Stress and Deformation of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Wall

et al. 2021

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Controlling settlement and earth pressure behind retaining wall in soft soil area are ongoing practical problems for the construction and operation of highway, which are mainly caused by the poor nature of soft soil. To reduce the pushing force on retaining wall and subgrade settlement, the authors propose the use of lightweight foamed concrete as subgrade filler behind the buttressed earth-retaining wall. However, the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of the buttressed earth-retaining wall remain unknown when lightweight foamed concrete is used as a backfill behind the wall. To solve this problem, a scale model of the subgrade filled with lightweight foamed concrete behind the buttressed earth-retaining wall is established to determine its stress and deformation characteristics under different factors. Lateral earth pressures and wall displacements at different elevations of the retaining wall model were monitored during the tests. Then, a series of orthogonal experiments are conducted to analyse and compare the effects of overload, density, and replacement thickness of lightweight foamed concrete on the earth pressure and displacement of this retaining wall. The results show that the size of earth pressures at the same position of retaining wall is affected by overload, density, and replacement thickness of lightweight foamed concrete, but its change of distribution form is only related to the replacement thickness of this backfill. Additionally, the primary-secondary relations of different factors’ influence extent on the forces and deformation of the buttressed earth-retaining wall filled with lightweight foamed concrete as backfill are obtained by using range analysis method.

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Lightweight foamed concrete as a promising avenue for incorporating waste materials: A review

Cited by 153 publications

References 70 publications

Utilization of Industrial By-Products/Waste to Manufacture Geopolymer Cement/Concrete

Utilization of Industrial By-Products/Waste to Manufacture Geopolymer Cement/Concrete

Design and Application of Cellular Concrete on a Mexican Residential Building and Its Influence on Energy Savings in Hot Climates: Projections to 2050

Influence of Lightweight Foamed Concrete as Backfill Material on Stress and Deformation of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Wall

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