Lightning and precipitation produced by severe weather systems over Belém, Brazil

Ribeiro, Wanda Maria do Nascimento; Souza, José Ricardo Santos de; Lopes, Marcio N.G.; Câmara, Renata Kelen Cardoso; Rocha, Edson José Paulino da; Almeida, Arthur da Costa

doi:10.1590/0102-778620130039

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…So, it is possible to conclude that thunderstorms from the continental‐maritime regime are found in regions that are affected by tropical monsoon or even green‐ocean regimes (Williams et al, ). Under such regimes, large rain volumes with weak electrical activity but spatially distributed are observed (Kodama et al, ; Liu et al, ; Petersen et al, ; Ribeiro et al, ; Williams et al, ; Xu & Zipser, ). Finally, thunderstorms from maritime regime show a predominance of warm over cold phases, which in turn decreases the efficiency of the charging mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm Efficiency Regimes in South America as Observed by STARNET and TRMM

Rodriguez

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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Six years of cloud to ground lighting strokes from Sferics Timing And Ranging NETwork (STARNET) and rain estimates from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM 3B42) gridded in a box of 1° × 1° of longitude by latitude have been combined to investigate how thunderstorm efficiency (rain yield − daily rain accumulations/daily number of strokes) varies spatially and seasonally over South America. Based on daily rain yields, 98% of the thunderstorms can be represented by four regimes: continental‐arid (106.5–107.5 kg per stroke), continental (107.5–108.5 kg per stroke), continental‐maritime (green‐ocean; 108.5–109.5 kg per stroke), and maritime (109.5–1010.5 kg per stroke). The continental‐arid regimes are found over the Andes Mountains while the continental regimes extend from southern to central northern South America. The continental‐maritime regime runs from the Amazon basin to northern South America, and the maritime regime is found over the ocean and along the coastline. Mean radar reflectivity profiles from coincident measurements of 2A25 TRMM‐Precipitation Radar obtained for each rain yield regimes show that (a) the continental regimes have a higher concentration of ice and supercooled water droplets above the 0 °C isotherm height; (b) maritime regimes have larger rain volumes in the warmer phase; (c) the continental‐arid regime shows the highest concentration of ice and supercooled water droplets at temperatures below −20 °C; (d) the continental‐maritime and maritime regimes are similar, but the continental‐maritime regime has slightly higher reflectivities (1–2 dBZ) and has greater 30‐dBZ height; and (e) the partition of ice and supercooled water droplets between 0 and −40 °C influences the lightning frequency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm Efficiency Regimes in South America as Observed by STARNET and TRMM

Rodriguez

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…This severe rainstorm lasted until 05:00 of that day. This kind of time lag between lightning and rain storms is recurrently observed through similar methodology (Ribeiro et al, 2014) and may help on short time warnings of severe rainstorms. Next, the most intense storm in this case study will be analyzed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In the past two decades a research group which includes the authors of this paper, developed several studies on lightning characteristics using data from two surface detection systems which cover the eastern Amazon Region (Ribeiro et al,2014;Almeida et al,2012;Dentel et al, 2014) and data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Some environmental and local impacts associated to this atmospheric variable yielded the following results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their spatial distribution superposition was confirmed, as well as, their association with typical regional meteorological convective systems. Naturally, the appearance of these systems present a space and time seasonal behavior, characteristic of the regional climatology (Ribeiro et al, 2011a). The lightning occurrence densities in eastern Amazonia present a large increment between December and May and with a delay of a couple of weeks one observes the regional rainy season period (Ribeiro et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estudo de tempestades severas com a ocorrência de raios nas localidades de Santarém e Belém e suas consequências na sociedade (Lightning characteristics associated to severe storm cases which impacted the cities of Belem and Santarem, in Amazonia)

Pompeu¹,

Sousa

Queiroz

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o comportamento de tempestades severas visando acompanhar os sistemas atmosféricos produtores de raios e sua relação com a precipitação para que seja possível destacar suas principais características evolutivas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida através das análises de dois estudos de casos de tempestades severas nas cidades de Belém e Santarém, na Amazônia Oriental. Foram utilizados dados de raios coletados pela rede STARNET e dados de chuva disponibilizados por vários sistemas de observação de superfície. Embora restrito a casos de tempestades em latitudes próximas, as analises indicaram que os sistemas meteorológicos geradores das mesmas não tiveram padrão semelhante. Apesar disso, esse estudo demonstrou que através do monitoramento continuo das ocorrências de raios é possível criar alertas de tempestades severas nessas e em outras localidades. Dessa maneira poder-se-ia evitar, ou mitigar, danos materiais e a vidas, desligamentos de sistemas elétricos, e transtornos de transito caudados por alagamentos. Palavra-chave: Amazônia, tempestades severas, raios, sistemas atmosféricos.

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“…A área selecionada para esta pesquisa é o leste da Amazônia, mais precisamente a região compreendida entre o sudeste do estado do Pará o centro-norte do estado do Maranhão, escolhida por apresentar alta variabilidade de incidência de raios NS (Ribeiro, 2014;Pompeu, 2017), bem como pelo fato de possuir diferentes características físicas, como o relevo acentuado, rica hidrografia, além de uma região costeira banhada pelo Oceano Atlântico equatorial (IBGE, 2017), que presumivelmente interferem na distribuição espacial de raios, sendo esta a hipótese da pesquisa. Tais regiões estão delimitadas entre as longitudes de 052°O e 044°O e as latitudes de 07°S e 02°S, subdividida em sete células de 2,5°x 2,5°, conforme descrito na Figura 1.…”

Section: áRea De Estudounclassified

Relação Entre o Total de Raios e os Raios Nuvem-Solo Sobre o Leste da Amazônia

Sodré

Ferreira

Ventura

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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Neste estudo foi realizada uma análise comparativa da ocorrência de raios do tipo nuvem-solo (NS), medidos por sensores em superfície e o total de raios (NS e intra-nuvem - IN), derivados de sensoriamento remoto por satélite, objetivando estabelecer uma proporção dos raios NS entre ambos os Lightning Location System (LLS) para o leste da Amazônia. Foram utilizados dados da STARNET e do banco de dados LRTMS (OTD/LIS). A metodologia de análise consistiu no cálculo da Razão Z, da Proporção de Incidência de Raios NS e da Correlação de Pearson. Adicionalmente também foi realizada uma investigação sobre a relação da quantidade de raios NS em função da altitude do relevo. Os resultados apontaram que a incidência de raios NS tem uma oscilação média mensal de 7,5% a 20,4% do total de raios medidos por sensoriamento remoto e a quantidade varia de acordo com o tipo de superfície, sendo que na região oceânica observou-se baixa incidência de raios NS, nas regiões mais próximas ao litoral observou-se no primeiro semestre os maiores valores da proporção de incidência de raios NS, enquanto que no interior do continente, o máximo de atividade elétrica do tipo nuvem-solo apresenta maiores percentuais durante o segundo semestre. Também foi constatado que o relevo não altera a proporção de incidência dos raios NS, uma vez que não foi encontrada uma relação direta somente com a altura do relevo. Relationship Between Total Lightning and Cloud-To-Ground Lightning in Eastern AmazoniaA B S T R A C TAn analysis of the occurrence of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning, measured by ground-based sensors, and total lightning (CG and intra-cloud (IC) lightning), detected by satellite remote sensing, was performed in this study to compare the proportion of CG lightning between the two lightning location systems (LLS) in Eastern Amazonia. STARNET and LRTMS (OTD/LIS) data were used. The method of analysis consisted of calculating the Z ratio, the proportion of incidence of CG lightning and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Furthermore, the variation in the number of CG lightning flashes as a function of terrain altitude was also investigated. The results indicated that the mean monthly CG lightning incidence ranges from 7.5% to 20.4% of the total lightning measured by remote sensing and that the number of CG lightning flashes varies according to surface type. More specifically, the oceanic region showed low CG lightning incidence, with the regions closest to the coast having the highest proportion of CG lightning incidence in the first semester; in contrast, the CG electrical activity peaked inland during the second semester. The results also showed that the terrain had no effect on the proportion of CG lightning incidence because no direct relationship with terrain height alone was found.Keywords: Proportion, Z Ratio, Terrain Altitude.

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Lightning and precipitation produced by severe weather systems over Belém, Brazil

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Thunderstorm Efficiency Regimes in South America as Observed by STARNET and TRMM

Thunderstorm Efficiency Regimes in South America as Observed by STARNET and TRMM

Estudo de tempestades severas com a ocorrência de raios nas localidades de Santarém e Belém e suas consequências na sociedade (Lightning characteristics associated to severe storm cases which impacted the cities of Belem and Santarem, in Amazonia)

Relação Entre o Total de Raios e os Raios Nuvem-Solo Sobre o Leste da Amazônia

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