Light Treatment and Circadian Adaptation to Shift Work

Boivin, Diane B.; James, Francine O.

doi:10.2486/indhealth.43.34

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Factors that promote sleep hygiene are advised, such as adequate sleep, sleep in a quiet and dark environment, control of the use of caffeine and alcohol, and timing sleep to the desired sleep time relative to shift schedule. Exposure to light can phase-shift circadian rhythms, therefore scheduled exposure to bright light and avoidance of light (possibly by use of dark goggles) might be useful in accelerating adaptation [19] . There is, however, strong evidence [20] that the circadian cycle can adjust more completely to a continuous or slowly rotating shift pattern than it can to the 8-hour variable-shift schedule studied here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental Effects of Variable Work Shifts on Quality of Sleep, General Health and Work Performance

Fido

Ghali²

2008

Med Princ Pract

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the detrimental effects of working a varying pattern of 8-hour shifts on quality of sleep, general health and work performance. Subjects and Methods: The Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)and 2 self-administered questionnaires were used to assess quality of sleep, work performance and general health in a sample of 200 males on a schedule of varying 8-hour shifts at the Kuwait Oil Company. A matched sample of an equal number of workers on a fixed daytime shift as a control group was enrolled in the study. Results: Compared with men working on a straight daytime shift schedule, those working on 8-hour variable shifts exhibited higher rates of heavy smoking (p < 0.003), coffee/tea consumption (p < 0.0001), constipation (p < 0.002), job stress (p < 0.0001) and poor sexual performance (p < 0.0001). Variable-shift workers reported persistent sleep disturbances in 3 dimensions of the global score of the PSQI (p < 0.0001). They also had significantly more complaints of fatigue (p < 0.005), poor level of work performance (p < 0.005) and loss of concentration (p < 0.005). Shift workers were significantly more prone to making errors and having accidents at work, and were more likely to report absence from work than the controls (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: These results suggest that the majority of workers on an 8-hour variable-shift schedule experienced various health problems, poor quality of sleep and an increased risk for errors and accidents at work as compared with those workers on a straight daytime shift schedule. There is a need to compare potential benefits of an alternative work shift schedule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental Effects of Variable Work Shifts on Quality of Sleep, General Health and Work Performance

Fido

Ghali²

2008

Med Princ Pract

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“…Vor allem Kortisol und Melatonin stehen besonders unter zirkadianer Kontrolle, die bei Schichtarbeit oft gestört ist [7] und sich auch nach längeren Schichtarbeitphasen nicht adaptiert [6]. Der endogene Rhythmus des Menschen beträgt nicht genau 24 h, sondern hat meist eine etwas länge-re, selten eine kürzere Periodendauer.…”

Section: Physiologische Grundlagenunclassified

Schlafstörungen bei Ärzten im Schichtdienst

2014

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Sleep disorders in physicians who perform shift work can result in increased risks of health problems that negatively impact performance and patient safety. Even those who cope well with shift work are likely to suffer from sleep disorders. The aim of this manuscript is to discuss possible causes, contributing factors and consequences of sleep disorders in physicians and to identify measures that can improve adaptation to shift work and treatment strategies for shift work-associated sleep disorders. The risk factors that influence the development of sleep disorders in physicians are numerous and include genetic factors (15 % of the population), age (> 50 years), undiagnosed sleep apnea,, alcohol abuse as well as multiple stress factors inherent in clinical duties (including shift work), research, teaching and family obligations. Several studies have reported an increased risk for medical errors in sleep-deprived physicians. Shift workers have an increased risk for psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases and shift work may also be a contributing factor to cancer. A relationship has been reported not only with sleep deprivation and changes in food intake but also with diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Nicotine and alcohol consumption are more frequent among shift workers. Increased sickness and accident rates among physicians when commuting (especially after night shifts) have a socioeconomic impact. In order to reduce fatigue and to improve performance, short naps during shiftwork or naps plus caffeine, have been proposed as coping strategies; however, napping during adverse circadian phases is less effective, if not impossible when unable to fall asleep. Bright and blue light supports alertness during a night shift. After shiftwork, direct sunlight exposure to the retina can be avoided by using dark sunglasses or glasses with orange lenses for commuting home. The home environment for daytime sleeping after a night shift should be very dark to allow endogenous melatonin secretion, which is a night signal and supports continuous sleep. Sleep disorders can be treated with timed light exposure, as well as behavioral and environmental strategies to compensate for sleep deprivation. Fatigue due to sleep deprivation can only be systematically treated with sleep.

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“…In addition to the above strategies designed to enable permanent shift workers to maintain regular rhythms minimizing circadian misalignment and enhancing performance, exercise during a night shift also may facilitate phase shifting and maintenance of circadian rhythms (Eastman et al 1995;Barger et al 2004). For further review of strategies for managing shift work, see Boivin and James (2005), Morgenthaler et al (2007) and Boivin and Boudreau (2014).…”

Section: Countermeasures For Circadian Desynchronymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrony and desynchrony in circadian clocks: impacts on learning and memory

Krishnan

Lyons

2015

Learn. Mem.

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Circadian clocks evolved under conditions of environmental variation, primarily alternating light dark cycles, to enable organisms to anticipate daily environmental events and coordinate metabolic, physiological, and behavioral activities. However, modern lifestyle and advances in technology have increased the percentage of individuals working in phases misaligned with natural circadian activity rhythms. Endogenous circadian oscillators modulate alertness, the acquisition of learning, memory formation, and the recall of memory with examples of circadian modulation of memory observed across phyla from invertebrates to humans. Cognitive performance and memory are significantly diminished when occurring out of phase with natural circadian rhythms. Disruptions in circadian regulation can lead to impairment in the formation of memories and manifestation of other cognitive deficits. This review explores the types of interactions through which the circadian clock modulates cognition, highlights recent progress in identifying mechanistic interactions between the circadian system and the processes involved in memory formation, and outlines methods used to remediate circadian perturbations and reinforce circadian adaptation.Circadian clocks permit organisms to anticipate recurring daily environmental events through the coordination of metabolic, physiological, and behavioral rhythms. Conservation of the core principles through which circadian oscillators are organized across eukaryotic phyla suggests strong selective pressures for both circadian clocks and the mechanisms through which circadian oscillators operate. Intracellularly, transcription/translation feedback loops involving core circadian components set the stage for transcriptional regulation of thousands of genes in individual cells and tissues (Balsalobre et al.

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Light Treatment and Circadian Adaptation to Shift Work

Cited by 67 publications

References 147 publications

Detrimental Effects of Variable Work Shifts on Quality of Sleep, General Health and Work Performance

Detrimental Effects of Variable Work Shifts on Quality of Sleep, General Health and Work Performance

Schlafstörungen bei Ärzten im Schichtdienst

Synchrony and desynchrony in circadian clocks: impacts on learning and memory

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