Light-temperature interactions on the growth of Antarctic diatoms

Fiala, Michel; Oriol, L.

doi:10.1007/bf00239374

Cited by 82 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In general, growth rates are expected to increase, linearly or exponentially, with increasing temperature (Eppley, 1972;Bissinger et al, 2008), but bell-shaped responses have also been reported (Fiala & Oriol, 1990). In our dataset, only the growth of the southern strains showed a statistically significant correlation with temperature (Spearman R test, P < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Huseby

Degerlund

Zingone

et al. 2012

European Journal of Phycology

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Morphology and molecular phylogeny constitute the structural elements of diatom taxonomy. These approaches do not, however, give information on the functioning of taxa. Additional methods to serve a more integrated and wide-ranging taxonomy have therefore been called for. Metabolic fingerprinting is one approach used within the field of metabolomics, often applied in classification of samples. Here we apply metabolic fingerprinting in a taxonomic study of a cryptic diatom species. Strains of the cosmopolitan diatom Chaetoceros socialis from two geographical areas; the north-east Atlantic and Arctic and the Gulf of Naples, were cultivated at three different temperatures; 2.5, 8 and 13 C. The strains from the two different geographical areas exhibited different growth rates as well as different photosynthetic efficiencies. Algal extracts, collected at the end of the growth experiments, were analysed by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. The two groups of strains were separated by principal component analysis of their metabolic fingerprints. Analysis of the data revealed both qualitative and quantitative differences in metabolite markers. These phenotypic differences reinforce differences also found for morphology, phylogenetic markers and growth rates, and point at different adaptive characteristics in organisms living under different temperature regimes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Huseby

Degerlund

Zingone

et al. 2012

European Journal of Phycology

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“…According to Experiment B, optimal growth temperature for N. lecointei was around 5 • C. It has previously been suggested that maximal growth rate occurs at temperatures above in situ levels (Fiala and Oriol, 1990;Longhi et al, 2003), which indicates that a narrow thermal window generally limits Antarctic microalgae. This suggests that carbon enrichment might not be beneficial at ambient conditions since temperature primarily regulates growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…More specifically for polar algae, minor temperature elevations tend to favor psychrophilic pennate diatom species, with optimum growth temperature usually reported around 4-5 • C (Fiala and Oriol, 1990). In general, optimal photosynthetic activity and growth of psychrophilic algae often occurs at temperatures above natural conditions (Fiala and Oriol, 1990). In addition, both positive, negative and no responses to increased pCO 2 have been reported in marine diatoms (Wu et al, 2010;Boelen et al, 2011;Torstensson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism between elevated pCO2 and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom Nitzschia lecointei

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Polar oceans are particularly susceptible to ocean acidification and warming. Diatoms play a significant role in sea ice biogeochemistry and provide an important food source to grazers in ice-covered oceans, especially during early spring. However, the ecophysiology of ice-living organisms has received little attention in terms of ocean acidification. In this study, the synergism between temperature and partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) was investigated in relationship to the optimal growth temperature of the Antarctic sea ice diatom Nitzschia lecointei. Diatoms were kept in cultures at controlled levels of pCO 2 (∼ 390 and ∼ 960 µatm) and temperature (−1.8 and 2.5 • C) for 14 days. Synergism between temperature and pCO 2 was detected in growth rate and acyl lipid fatty acid (FA) content. Optimal growth rate was observed around 5 • C in a separate experiment. Carbon enrichment only promoted (6 %) growth rate closer to the optimal growth, but not at the control temperature (−1.8 • C). At −1.8 • C and at ∼ 960 µatm pCO 2 , the total FA content was reduced relative to the ∼ 390 µatm treatment, although no difference between pCO 2 treatments was observed at 2.5 • C. A large proportion (97 %) of the total FAs comprised on average of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at −1.8 • C. Cellular PUFA content was reduced at ∼ 960 relative to ∼ 390 µatm pCO 2 . Effects of carbon enrichment may be different depending on ocean warming scenario or season, e.g. reduced cellular FA content in response to elevated CO 2 at low temperatures only, reflected as reduced food quality for higher trophic levels. Synergy between warming and acidification may be particularly important in polar areas since a narrow thermal window generally limits cold-water organisms.

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“…How diatoms have adapted to this extreme environment is largely unknown. Here we present insights into the genome evolution of a cold-adapted diatom from the Southern Ocean, Fragilariopsis cylindrus 8,9 , based on a comparison with temperate diatoms. We find that approximately 24.7 per cent of the diploid F. cylindrus genome consists of genetic loci with alleles that are highly divergent (15.1 megabases of the total genome size of 61.1 megabases).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a) regarded as an indicator species for polar water [8][9][10] . It is frequently found to form large populations in both the bottom layer of sea ice and the wider sea-ice zone, including open waters 9 (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary genomics of the cold-adapted diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus

Möck

Otillar

Strauss

et al. 2017

Nature

322

303

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The Southern Ocean houses a diverse and productive community of organisms 1,2 . Unicellular eukaryotic diatoms are the main primary producers in this environment, where photosynthesis is limited by low concentrations of dissolved iron and large seasonal fluctuations in light, temperature and the extent of sea ice 3-7 . How diatoms have adapted to this extreme environment is largely unknown. Here we present insights into the genome evolution of a cold-adapted diatom from the Southern Ocean, Fragilariopsis cylindrus 8,9 , based on a comparison with temperate diatoms. We find that approximately 24.7 per cent of the diploid F. cylindrus genome consists of genetic loci with alleles that are highly divergent (15.1 megabases of the total genome size of 61.1 megabases). These divergent alleles were differentially expressed across environmental conditions, including darkness, low iron, freezing, elevated temperature and increased CO 2 . Alleles with the largest ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions also show the most pronounced condition-dependent expression, suggesting a correlation between diversifying selection and allelic differentiation.

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Light-temperature interactions on the growth of Antarctic diatoms

Cited by 82 publications

References 38 publications

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Synergism between elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom <i>Nitzschia lecointei</i>

Evolutionary genomics of the cold-adapted diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus

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Light-temperature interactions on the growth of Antarctic diatoms

Cited by 82 publications

References 38 publications

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between northern and southern strains of the cryptic diatomChaetoceros socialis

Synergism between elevated &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom &lt;i&gt;Nitzschia lecointei&lt;/i&gt;

Evolutionary genomics of the cold-adapted diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus

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Synergism between elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom <i>Nitzschia lecointei</i>