Light Propagation with Phase Discontinuities: Generalized Laws of Reflection and Refraction

Yu, Nanfang; Genevet, Patrice; Kats, Mikhail A.; Aieta, Francesco; Tetienne, J.‐P.; Capasso, Federico; Gaburro, Z.

doi:10.1126/science.1210713

Cited by 7,967 publications

(6,112 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…1,2 Metasurfaces allow us to engineer phase discontinuities across the thin film interfaces. 3 This concept breaks the dependence on phase retardation arising from optical path length in bulky optics and thus allows us to realize exotic functionality, including anomalous reflection and refraction, 4,5 or broadband polarization conversion. 6 As such, metasurfaces promise unparalleled applications in sensing, 2 imaging, 7 and communications.…”

Section: Abstract: Nanophotonics · Stretchable Electronics · Subwavelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically Tunable Dielectric Resonator Metasurfaces at Visible Frequencies

Gutruf¹,

et al. 2015

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Devices that manipulate light represent the future of information processing. Flat optics and structures with subwavelength periodic features (metasurfaces) provide compact and efficient solutions. The key bottleneck is efficiency, and replacing metallic resonators with dielectric resonators has been shown to significantly enhance performance. To extend the functionalities of dielectric metasurfaces to real-world optical applications, the ability to tune their properties becomes important. In this article, we present a mechanically tunable all-dielectric metasurface. This is composed of an array of dielectric resonators embedded in an elastomeric matrix. The optical response of the structure under a uniaxial strain is analyzed by mechanical−electromagnetic co-simulations. It is experimentally demonstrated that the metasurface exhibits remarkable resonance shifts. Analysis using a Lagrangian model reveals that strain modulates the near-field mutual interaction between resonant dielectric elements. The ability to control and alter inter-resonator coupling will position dielectric metasurfaces as functional elements of reconfigurable optical devices.

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Section: Abstract: Nanophotonics · Stretchable Electronics · Subwavelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically Tunable Dielectric Resonator Metasurfaces at Visible Frequencies

Gutruf¹,

et al. 2015

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“…A metasurface is formed by distributing subwavelength resonant particles with different geometries and materials on a 2D surface, and therefore is able to manipulate both amplitudes and phases of electromagnetic (EM) waves, enabling many extraordinary functionalities such as the polarization conversion,,13, 14, 15, 16, 17 perfect absorption,18, 19, 20 and amplitude and phase modulations 21, 22. The generalized Snell's law proposed in 200123 has sped up the development of metasurfaces in the past a few years, enabling a lot of interesting devices to manipulate microwaves,24, 25, 26 terahertz waves,27, 28 and visible lights 29, 30, 31…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

et al. 2016

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The concept of coding metasurface makes a link between physically metamaterial particles and digital codes, and hence it is possible to perform digital signal processing on the coding metasurface to realize unusual physical phenomena. Here, this study presents to perform Fourier operations on coding metasurfaces and proposes a principle called as scattering‐pattern shift using the convolution theorem, which allows steering of the scattering pattern to an arbitrarily predesigned direction. Owing to the constant reflection amplitude of coding particles, the required coding pattern can be simply achieved by the modulus of two coding matrices. This study demonstrates that the scattering patterns that are directly calculated from the coding pattern using the Fourier transform have excellent agreements to the numerical simulations based on realistic coding structures, providing an efficient method in optimizing coding patterns to achieve predesigned scattering beams. The most important advantage of this approach over the previous schemes in producing anomalous single‐beam scattering is its flexible and continuous controls to arbitrary directions. This work opens a new route to study metamaterial from a fully digital perspective, predicting the possibility of combining conventional theorems in digital signal processing with the coding metasurface to realize more powerful manipulations of electromagnetic waves.

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“…This strategy resembles reflectarrays and transmit--arrays used at much lower frequencies [16--18]. Linear gradients of phase discontinuities lead to planar reflected and refracted wavefronts [15,19,20]. On the other hand, nonlinear phase gradients 3 lead to the formation of complex wavefronts such as helicoidal ones, which characterize vortex beams [21].…”

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confidence: 99%

Aberration-Free Ultrathin Flat Lenses and Axicons at Telecom Wavelengths Based on Plasmonic Metasurfaces

et al. 2012

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The concept of optical phase discontinuities is applied to the design and demonstration of aberration--free planar lenses and axicons, comprising a phased array of ultrathin subwavelength spaced optical antennas. The lenses and axicons consist of radial distributions of V--shaped nanoantennas that generate respectively spherical wavefronts and non--diffracting Bessel beams at telecom wavelengths.Simulations are also presented to show that our aberration--free designs are applicable to high numerical aperture lenses such as flat microscope objectives.The fabrication of lenses with aberration correction is challenging in particular in the mid--and near--infrared wavelength range where the choice of transparent materials is limited.Usually it requires complex optimization techniques such as aspheric shapes or multi--lens designs [1,2], which are expensive and bulky.Focusing diffracting plates offer the possibility of designing low weight and small volume lenses. For example the Fresnel Zone Plate focuses light by diffracting from a binary mask that blocks part of the radiation [1]. A more advanced solution is represented by the Fresnel lens, which introduces a gradual phase retardation in the radial direction to focus light

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Light Propagation with Phase Discontinuities: Generalized Laws of Reflection and Refraction

Cited by 7,967 publications

References 38 publications

Mechanically Tunable Dielectric Resonator Metasurfaces at Visible Frequencies

Mechanically Tunable Dielectric Resonator Metasurfaces at Visible Frequencies

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

Aberration-Free Ultrathin Flat Lenses and Axicons at Telecom Wavelengths Based on Plasmonic Metasurfaces

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