Light olefins synthesis from C1-C2 paraffins via oxychlorination processes

Shalygin, A. S.; Paukshtis, E. A.; Kovalyov, Evgenii V.; Бальжинимаев, Б. С.

doi:10.1007/s11705-013-1338-1

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Experiments on a reference RuO2/TiO2 catalyst showed a poor ethyl chloride selectivity (≤ 30%), and large amounts of EDC and combustion products were present. 188 In situ IR experiments further confirmed the immediate formation of ethoxy groups after the K4Ru2OCl10/TiO2 catalysts were exposed to the reaction feeds. It is suggested that the surface-bound ethoxy groups can release ethylene, or ethyl chloride by HCl addition (Figure 16a).…”

Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 76%

Halogen-Mediated Conversion of Hydrocarbons to Commodities

2017

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Halogen chemistry plays a central role in the industrial manufacture of various important chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. It involves the reaction of halogens or halides with hydrocarbons, leading to intermediate compounds which are readily converted to valuable commodities. These transformations, predominantly mediated by heterogeneous catalysts, have long been successfully applied in the production of polymers. Recent discoveries of abundant conventional and unconventional natural gas reserves have revitalized strong interest in these processes as the most cost-effective gas-to-liquid technologies. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the fundamental understanding and applied relevance of halogen chemistry in polymer industries (polyvinyl chloride, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates) and in the activation of light hydrocarbons. The reactions of particular interest include halogenation and oxyhalogenation of alkanes and alkenes, dehydrogenation of alkanes, conversion of alkyl halides, and oxidation of hydrogen halides, with emphasis on the catalyst, reactor, and process design. Perspectives on the challenges and directions for future development in this exciting field are provided.

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Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 76%

Halogen-Mediated Conversion of Hydrocarbons to Commodities

2017

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“…Ruthenium based catalysts approved themselves in many reactions involving chlorine, including the Deacon reaction [19][20][21] and methane and ethane oxychlorination [22]. It is likely that the high reactiv ity of the ruthenium compounds in reactions involv ing chlorine and organochlorine compounds is due to the fairly high chlorine affinity of ruthenium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Propane chlorination over ruthenium oxychloride catalysts

et al. 2015

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“…In another chlorination study, Shalygin et al [80] synthesized a novel K 4 Ru 2 OCl 10 /TiO 2 catalyst for the methane/ethane chlorination step. They compared it to a RuO 2 /TiO 2 catalyst, and the former showed higher selectivities to methyl-(80%) and ethyl-(90%) chlorides, achieving conversions in the range of 15-20% with the main side products being CO 2 and CO. At temperatures higher than 250 • C, when ethane was used, a high selectivity to ethylene (30%) was observed already in the chlorination step.…”

Section: Multi-step Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Methane Activation Reactions by Halogenation: Catalysis, Mechanism, Kinetics, Modeling, and Reactors

et al. 2020

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Methane is the central component of natural gas, which is globally one of the most abundant feedstocks. Due to its strong C–H bond, methane activation is difficult, and its conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels has therefore been the pot of gold in the industry and academia for many years. Industrially, halogenation of methane is one of the most promising methane conversion routes, which is why this paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on methane activation by halogenation. Homogeneous gas phase reactions and their pertinent reaction mechanisms and kinetics are presented as well as microkinetic models for methane reaction with chlorine, bromine, and iodine. The catalysts for non-oxidative and oxidative catalytic halogenation were reviewed for their activity and selectivity as well as their catalytic action. The highly reactive products of methane halogenation reactions are often converted to other chemicals in the same process, and these multi-step processes were reviewed in a separate section. Recent advances in the available computational power have made the use of the ab initio calculations (such as density functional theory) routine, allowing for in silico calculations of energy profiles, which include all stable intermediates and the transition states linking them. The available literature on this subject is presented. Lastly, green processes and the production of fuels as well as some unconventional methods for methane activation using ultrasound, plasma, superacids, and light are also reviewed.

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Light olefins synthesis from C1-C2 paraffins via oxychlorination processes

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Halogen-Mediated Conversion of Hydrocarbons to Commodities

Halogen-Mediated Conversion of Hydrocarbons to Commodities

Propane chlorination over ruthenium oxychloride catalysts

A Review of Methane Activation Reactions by Halogenation: Catalysis, Mechanism, Kinetics, Modeling, and Reactors

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