Light Microscopic Study of Renal Morphological Alterations in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Stanchev, Stancho; Iliev, Alexandar; Malinova, Lina; Landzhov, Boycho; Kotov, Georgi; Hinova-Palova, Dimka

doi:10.1515/jbcr-2017-0003

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…However, from what we gathered in this review, we have found that minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are the frequently reported glomerular pattern in Asia, 14 Europe and Africa. This may be because of nephrotic syndrome reported by the majority of the 29 studies as the only indication to perform a renal biopsy and as we noted in many studies these two patterns are the commonest cause of nephrotic syndrome [29][30][31][32] . We detected that there were very few studies 33 which distributed the glomerulopathy in primary and secondary diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Histomorphological Spectrum of Glomerulopathies: A Review

2021

PJMD

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Renal disease and dysfunction is a worldwide public health problem. The underlying pathology in most renal disease is glomerulopathy, largely referred to as glomerulonephritis. It can be primary or secondary to other diseases. A range of morphological patterns was observed in this condition, each with different etiopathogenetic mechanisms, diverse clinical presentation, disease progression and therapeutic responses. We searched the literature using Hinari, PubMed and Google Scholar, for appropriate studies. This review was conducted by employing specified methods and structures using histopathology-confirmed data during the year 2011 to 2020. Thirty-five studies consisting of 13,423 reported renal biopsy cases were covered in this review. The most common indication of the renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome followed by proteinuria and nephritic syndrome. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, and mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis among others, were the most frequently reported primary patterns of glomerulopathies. Glomerular diseases remain poorly characterized due to the scarcity of data on histo-morphological patterns of glomerulopathies. The development of registries regarding renal biopsy may offer a chance to characterize the pervasiveness and patterns of glomerulopathies and have a positive impression on chronic/end stage renal disease analysis and treatment since most glomerular diseases are complaisant to treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Histomorphological Spectrum of Glomerulopathies: A Review

2021

PJMD

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“…3 As a result, no obvious change in renal histology could be observed in 2month-old rats using optical microscopy. 60 Therefore, it may be difficult to detect HN at early stage using glomerular-damage-related or tubule-damage-related indicators. This assumption agrees with our experimental results that urine volume, urine protein (latestage indicator for significant urinary abnormality), 61 and other serum-detection-based indicators obtained from the SHR were not significantly different from those obtained from the WKY group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, through the first 10 weeks, the autoregulatory efficiency would gradually increase to help to maintain normal intra‐glomerular pressure and to protect glomeruli from damage caused by the increased blood pressure 3 . As a result, no obvious change in renal histology could be observed in 2‐month‐old rats using optical microscopy 60 . Therefore, it may be difficult to detect HN at early stage using glomerular‐damage‐related or tubule‐damage‐related indicators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo assessment of hypertensive nephrosclerosis using ultrasound localization microscopy

et al. 2022

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As a typical chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN) is a common syndrome of hypertension, characterized by chronic kidney microvascular damage. Early diagnosis of microvascular damage using conventional ultrasound imaging encounters challenges in sensitivity and specificity owing to the inherent diffraction limit. Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has been developed to obtain microvasculature and microvascular hemodynamics within the kidney, and would be a promising tool for the early diagnosis of CKD. Methods: In this study, the advantage of quantitative indexes obtained by using ULM (mean arterial blood flow speeds of different segments of interlobular arteries) over indexes obtained using conventional clinical serum (β2microglobulin,serum urea nitrogen,and creatinine) and urine ( 24-h urine volume and urine protein) tests and ultrasound Doppler imaging (peak systolic velocity [PSV], end-diastolic velocity [EDV], and resistance index [RI]) and contrastenhanced ultrasound imaging (CEUS; rise time [RT], peak intensity [IMAX], mean transit time [mTT], and area under the time-intensity curve [AUC]) for early diagnosis of HN were investigated. Examinations were carried out on six spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and five normal Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at the age of 10 weeks. Results:The experimental results show that the indicators derived from conventional clinical inspections (serum and urine tests) and ultrasound imaging (PSV, EDV, RI, RT, IMAX, mTT, and AUC) do not show significant difference between hypertensive and healthy rats (p > 0.05), while the TTP of the SHR group (28.52 ± 5.52 s) derived from CEUS is significantly higher than that of the WKY group (18.68 ± 7.32 s; p < 0.05). The mean blood flow speed in interlobular artery of SHR (12.47 ± 1.06 mm/s) derived from ULM is significantly higher than that of WKY rats (10.13 ± 1.17 mm/s; p < 0.01). Conclusion:The advantages of ULM over conventional clinical inspections and ultrasound imaging methods for early diagnosis of HN were validated. The quantitative results show that ULM can effectively diagnose HN at the early stage by detecting the blood flow speed changes of interlobular arteries. ULM may promise a reliable technique for early diagnosis of HN in the future.

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“…The change in the quantity of the collagen fibres of the connective tissue is the most significant marker of physiological processes such as aging of the myocardium, as well as pathological conditions associated with increased load and impaired function of the heart. [20][21][22][23] The intercalated disc is the zone of contact between the adjacent cardiomyocytes in longitudinal direction. It consists of two parts: transversal part and lateral part.…”

Section: Ultrastructure Of the Cardiomyocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some of the cytoskeleton's components take part in other cell processes such as hypertrophy, cell division, migration, intracellular vesicular transport, arrangement and function of cellular components, disposition of membrane receptors and intercellular communication. [8][9][10][21][22][23] It is suggested that the cytoskeleton plays a key role in the mechanical signal transduction of the cell. [33] For an easier examination and understanding of its function, the cytoskeleton is divided, based on its morphology and topography, into different types: sarcomeric, extrasarcomeric, membrane-submembrane, nuclear.…”

Section: Ultrastructure Of the Cardiomyocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Microscopic Morphological Characteristics and Data on the Ultrastructure of the Cardiomyocytes

Savova¹,

Yordanova²,

Dimitrov³

et al. 2017

aanat

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Many questions regarding the morphology of the cardiovascular system are yet to be answered. In particular, elucidating the core principles of the architectonics of the myocardium is of great importance for the understanding of the exact mechanisms of the cardiac functions and the pathogenic processes which constitute a prerequisite for cardiovascular diseases. A number of contemporary studies reveal the importance of the myocardium in almost every disease -either as a primary pathophysiological unit or as the target of the pathological damage. It has to be stated that the myocardium has a remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic potential. It is comprised of various types of cells -contractile cardiomyocytes of the atria and ventricles, cells of the sinoatrial node and Purkinje fibres, the latter two being part of the conducting system of the heart. The ultrastructural components of these cells include the various structures which ensure cellular contact and communication, the specialised structures of the cellular and the sarcoplasmic membrane and the different elements of the complex cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the orientation of the cardiomyocytes plays a key role not only for the mechanical contraction but also in the electric conduction and the energy metabolism of the cardiac muscle. Studies on the size, alignment and specific characteristics of the cardiomyocytes have the potential to provide a morphological base for the diagnostics of various cardiac pathologies.

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Light Microscopic Study of Renal Morphological Alterations in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Histomorphological Spectrum of Glomerulopathies: A Review

Histomorphological Spectrum of Glomerulopathies: A Review

In vivo assessment of hypertensive nephrosclerosis using ultrasound localization microscopy

Light Microscopic Morphological Characteristics and Data on the Ultrastructure of the Cardiomyocytes

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