Light–matter interaction and polarization of single ZnO nanowire lasers

Han, Noh Soo; Shim, Hyeong Seop; Lee, Seulki; Park, Seung Min; Choi, Myong Yong; Song, Jae Kyu

doi:10.1039/c2cp41144j

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In opposition, when pumping is high enough to produce very intense electric fields, the density of excitons could become higher than Mott density. In this case, excitonic binding energy is reduced by carrier screening, shrinking the Rabi splitting until no evidence of excitonic features can be seen in the dispersion relation [35]. In our experiment, both effects could act in competition (enhanced interaction and screening), which makes difficult to describe the proper polariton dispersion relation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonlinear excitation of polariton cavity modes in ZnO single nanocombs

Capeluto¹,

Grinblat²,

Tirado³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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Tunable second harmonic (SH) polaritons have been efficiently generated in ZnO nanocombs, when the material is excited close to half of the band-gap. The nonlinear signal couples to the nanocavity modes, and, as a result, Fabry-Pérot resonances with high Q factors of about 500 are detected. Due to the low effective volume of the confined modes, matterlight interaction is very much enhanced. This effect lowers the velocity of the SH polariton in the material by 50 times, and increases the SH confinement inside the nanocavity due to this higher refractive index. We also show that the SH phase-matching condition is achieved through LOphonon mediation. Finally, birrefringence of the crystal produces a strong SH intensity dependence on the input polarization, with a high polarization contrast, which could be used as a mechanism for light switching in the nanoscale.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonlinear excitation of polariton cavity modes in ZnO single nanocombs

Capeluto¹,

Grinblat²,

Tirado³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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“…This can be explained by the higher propagation losses experienced by light with polarization component perpendicular to the sample surface (“90°” curve in Figure 6 c), due to more intense outcoupling into the quartz substrate underneath. 60 , 61 The linearly polarized ASE could be exploited for significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio in diagnostic chips working through fluorescence excitation. 62 To this aim, also noteworthy is the high directionality of the emitted light.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformable Nanowire-in-Nanofiber Hybrids for Low-Threshold Optical Gain in the Ultraviolet

et al. 2020

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The miniaturization of diagnostic devices that exploit optical detection schemes requires the design of light-sources combining small size, high performance for effective excitation of chromophores, and mechanical flexibility for easy coupling to components with complex and non-planar shapes. Here, ZnO nanowire-in-fiber hybrids with internal architectural order are introduced, exhibiting a combination of polarized stimulated emission, low propagation losses of light modes, and structural flexibility. Ultrafast transient absorption experiments on the electrospun material show optical gain which gives rise to amplified spontaneous emission, with threshold lower than the value found in films. These systems are highly flexible and can conveniently conform to curved surfaces, which makes them appealing active elements for various device platforms, such as bendable lasers, optical networks and sensors, as well as for application in bioimaging, photo-crosslinking, and optogenetics.The development of miniaturized and effective light sources with emission in the near ultraviolet (UV) is highly important for all those fields, including microanalysis through fluorescence spectroscopy, chemical sensing, and healthcare diagnostics, where molecular photoexcitation is involved. 1-4 Together with mechanical flexibility to have them conformed to different surfaces or lodged within different lab-on-chip platforms, 2,3,5,6 UV-active materials are desired to feature stimulated emission and optical gain, which is the basic prerequisite to use them in compact laser systems and photonic networks. Examples of UV-emitters include various inorganics (GaN, ZnS, ZnO, etc.) and their nanostructures grown through chemical vapour transport processes, colloidal synthesis, and other deposition methods. 7-12 Inorganic nanostructures, and especially nanowires (NWs), have been largely exploited within semiconductor-embedding optical cavities, plasmonic nanolasers, and heterojunctions. 7,9,12,13 However, the so-obtained devices are largely limited to planar systems or substrates for nanostructure growth, they are mechanically stiff, and unconformable to curved surfaces.Polymeric light-emitting materials and films, 3,14-17 instead, can be easily coupled with bendable substrates and are more versatile in terms of configurational motifs, although their optical performance and stimulated emission properties are generally much less appealing and stable in time compared to inorganics.Hybrid approaches, inserting highly-efficient and stable oxide nanosystems in flexible polymer nanostructures and enabling high throughput processing, would combine advantages of UV lightemitting inorganics and plastic matrices, and potentially lead to materials with enhanced properties. For instance, in these systems light from UV nanoscale emitters could be efficiently coupled to polymer waveguides and transported along macroscale distances, 3,18 thus overcoming the high propagation losses typical of individual inorganic nanostructures 19 and enabling a much Published i...

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“…On the other hand, light (photon) and matter (exciton) interaction is enhanced in nanowires and nanobelts [67], as the mode volume is reduced compared with those in bulk materials. Strong coupling of photons with excitons in II-VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts can lead to the formation of polaritons, which can demonstrate the low-threshold polaritonic lasing and Bose-Einstein condensation [16,26].…”

Section: Exciton-exciton Interaction and Lasing Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming excitons in II–VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2014

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Excitons are one of the most important fundamental quasi-particles, and are involved in a variety of processes forming the basis of a wide range of opto-electronic and photonic devices based on II-VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts, such as light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, photodetectors and nanolasers. A clear understanding of their properties and unveiling the potential engineering for excitons is of particular importance for the design and optimization of nanoscale opto-electronic and photonic devices. Herein, we present a comprehensive review on discussing the fundamental behaviours of the excitons in one-dimensional (1D) II-VI semiconductor nanomaterials (nanowires and nanobelts). We will start with a focus on the unique properties (origin, generation, etc) and dynamics of excitons and exciton complexes in the II-VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts. Then we move to the recent progress on the excitonic response in 1D nanomaterials and focus on the tailoring and engineering of excitonic properties through rational controlling of the physical parameters and conditions, intrinsically and extrinsically. These include (1) exciton-exciton interaction, which is important for 1D nanomaterial nanolasing; (2) exciton-phonon interaction, which has interesting applications for laser cooling; and (3) exciton-plasmon interaction, which is the cornerstone towards the realization of plasmonic lasers. The potential of electric field, morphology and size control for excitonic properties is also discussed. Unveiling and controlling excitonic properties in II-VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts would promote the development of 1D nanoscience and nanotechnology.

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Light–matter interaction and polarization of single ZnO nanowire lasers

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Nonlinear excitation of polariton cavity modes in ZnO single nanocombs

Nonlinear excitation of polariton cavity modes in ZnO single nanocombs

Conformable Nanowire-in-Nanofiber Hybrids for Low-Threshold Optical Gain in the Ultraviolet

Taming excitons in II–VI semiconductor nanowires and nanobelts

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