Light Limited Photosynthesis under Energy-Saving Film Decreases Eggplant Yield

Chavan, Sachin G.; Maier, Chelsea; Alagöz, Yağiz; Filipe, João C.; Warren, Charles R.; Lin, Han; Jia, Baohua; Loik, Michael E.; Cazzonelli, Christopher I; Chen, Zhong‐Hua; Ghannoum, Oula; Tissue, David T.

doi:10.1002/essoar.10502325.1

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In a recent study using eggplant grown in a high-tech glasshouse, the application of the SG film led to a net reduction in heat load, water and nutrient consumption and therefore improved energy and resource use efficiency. However, the 19% decrease in PAR reduced fruit yield of eggplants under SG glass by 25% compared to normal control glass (Chavan et al, 2020). Whilst SG consistently reduced photosynthetic rates, the response of stomatal conductance was less consistent, decreasing in one season and remaining unaffected in another season (Chavan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The special glass film materials are optically engineered in a nanometre-scale, adjusting light transmittance to allow for high potential of reducing energy cost in high technology greenhouses (Lin et al, 2020). The "smart glass" (SG) film ULR-80 blocks the majority of UV light and a proportion of far-red and red light, which can reduce energy load required for heating and cooling in a protected cropping situation (Chavan et al, 2020). However, reducing the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) potentially decreases the growth and productivity of horticultural crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the 19% decrease in PAR reduced fruit yield of eggplants under SG glass by 25% compared to normal control glass (Chavan et al, 2020). Whilst SG consistently reduced photosynthetic rates, the response of stomatal conductance was less consistent, decreasing in one season and remaining unaffected in another season (Chavan et al, 2020). Optimal stomatal function is crucial for plant photosynthesis (Farquhar and Sharkey, 1982) and water use efficiency (Lawson and Vialet Chabrand, 2019), but can be compromised under adverse light conditions (O'Carrigan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smart glass impacts stomatal sensitivity of greenhouse Capsicum through altered light

Zhao

Chavan

et al. 2021

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Optical films that alter light transmittance may reduce energy consumption in high-tech greenhouses, but their impact on crop physiology remains unclear. We compared the stomatal responses of Capsicum plants grown hydroponically under control glass (70% diffuse light) or smart glass (SG) film ULR-80, which blocked >50% of short-wave radiation and ~9% of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). SG had no significant effects on steady-state (gs) or maximal (gmax) stomatal conductance. In contrast, SG reduced stomatal pore size and sensitivity to exogenous ABA thereby increasing rates of leaf water loss, guard cell K + and Cl - efflux, and Ca 2+ influx. SG induced faster stomatal closing and opening rates on transition between low (100 µmol m -2 s -1) and high PAR (1500 µmol m -2 s -1), which compromised water use efficiency relative to control plants. The fraction of blue light (0% or 10%) did not affect gs in either treatment. Increased expression of stomatal closure and photoreceptor genes in epidermal peels of SG plants is consistent with fast stomatal responses to light changes. In conclusion, stomatal responses of Capsicum to SG were more affected by changes in light intensity than spectral quality, and re-engineering of the SG should maximize PAR transmission, and hence CO2 assimilation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smart glass impacts stomatal sensitivity of greenhouse Capsicum through altered light

Zhao

Chavan

et al. 2021

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…The experiment was conducted from April (Autumn in Australia) to Dec (Summer in Australia) in the state-of-the-art glasshouse facility at Western Sydney University (33°S 150°E, Hawkesbury Campus, Richmond, NSW, 2753 Australia). A detailed description of the facility, including software and climate control is presented by Chavan et al (2020) and Samaranayake et al (2020). We used four research bays (105m 2 each) with precise environmental control of atmospheric CO 2 , air temperature, RH, and hydroponic nutrient and water delivery.…”

Section: Plant Growth and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Film Impacts Stomatal Sensitivity of Greenhouse Capsicum Through Altered Light

Zhao

Chavan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Optical films that alter light transmittance may reduce energy consumption in high-tech greenhouses, but their impact on crop physiology remains unclear. We compared the stomatal responses of capsicum plants grown hydroponically under control glass (70% diffuse light) or smart glass (SG) film ULR-80, which blocked >99% of ultraviolet light and 19% of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). SG had no significant effects on steady-state (gs) or maximal (gmax) stomatal conductance. In contrast, SG reduced stomatal pore size and sensitivity to exogenous ABA thereby increasing rates of leaf water loss, guard cell K+ and Cl- efflux, and Ca2+ influx. The transition between low (100 μmol m−2 s−1) and high (1500 μmol m−2 s−1) PAR induced faster stomatal closing and opening rates in SG relative to control plants. The fraction of blue light (0% or 10%) did not affect gs, but induced stomatal oscillations in SG plants. Increased expression of stomatal closure and photoreceptor genes in epidermal peels of SG plants is consistent with fast stomatal responses to light changes. In conclusion, light intensity was more critical than spectral quality for optimal stomatal responses of capsicum under SG, and re-engineering of the SG should maximize PAR transmission to maintain a better stomatal development.HighlightsCapsicum plants grown under SG film exhibit decreased stomatal pore area, higher water loss and reduced ABA-sensitivity.SG-grown plants have faster rates of stomatal closing and opening in response to light intensity changes.SG increases efflux of K+ and Cl- and influx of Ca2+ of guard cells.SG upregulated the expression of key genes involved in stomatal regulation and light sensing.

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“…Dye-sensitized and opaque photovoltaics have been mounted on greenhouses, which shade the crop but also produce electricity (Ntinas et al, 2019;Yano and Cossu, 2019). Recently, a radiation-reducing film (light-blocking film; LBF) developed for residential buildings to reduce the transmittance of heat-producing light has been used; hence, it might be useful for reducing the energy costs associated with crop production (Chaiyapinunt et al, 2005;Chavan et al, 2020). Although wavelength-selective photovoltaics, opaque photovoltaics, and LBF can offset or reduce energy expenditure and water and fertilizer use, they may also impact the quantity and quality of the light for crop production Chavan et al, 2020;Loik et al, 2017;Yano and Cossu, 2019;Zhao et al, 2021;Lin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light blocking film in a glasshouse impacts Capsicum annuum L. yield differentially across planting season

Maier,

Chavan,

Klause

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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High energy costs are a barrier to producing high-quality produce at protected cropping facilities. A potential solution to mitigate high energy costs is film technology, which blocks heat-producing radiation; however, the alteration of the light environment by these films may impact crop yield and quality. Previous studies have assessed the impact of ULR 80 [i.e., light-blocking film (LBF)] on crop yield and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); however, an assessment of the spectral environment over different seasons is important to understand potential crop impacts through different developmental phases. In this study, two varieties (red and orange) of Capsicum annuum were grown across two crop cycles: one cycle with primary crop growth in the autumn (i.e., autumn experiment [AE]) and the other with primary crop growth in the summer (i.e., summer experiment [SE]). LBF reduced PAR (roof level: 26%–30%, plant canopy level: 8%–25%) and net radiation (36%–66%). LBF also reduced total diffuse PAR (AE: 8%, SE: 15%), but the diffuse fraction of PAR increased by 7% and 9% for AE and SE, respectively, potentially resulting in differential light penetration throughout the canopy across treatments. LBF reduced near-infrared radiation (700 nm–2,500 nm), including far-red (700 nm–780 nm) at mid- and lower-canopy levels. LBF significantly altered light quantity and quality, which determined the amount of time that the crop grew under light-limited (<12 mol m−2 d−1) versus sufficient light conditions. In AE, crops were established and grown under light-limited conditions for 57% of the growing season, whereas in SE, crops were established and grown under sufficient light conditions for 66% of the growing season. Overall, LBF significantly reduced the yield in SE for both varieties (red: 29%; orange: 16%), but not in AE. The light changes in different seasons in response to LBF suggest that planting time is crucial for maximizing fruit yield when grown under a film that reduces light quantity. LBF may be unsuitable for year-round production of capsicum, and additional development of LBF is required for the film to be beneficial for saving energy during production and sustaining good crop yields in protected cropping.

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Light Limited Photosynthesis under Energy-Saving Film Decreases Eggplant Yield

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Smart glass impacts stomatal sensitivity of greenhouse Capsicum through altered light

Smart glass impacts stomatal sensitivity of greenhouse Capsicum through altered light

Smart Film Impacts Stomatal Sensitivity of Greenhouse Capsicum Through Altered Light

Light blocking film in a glasshouse impacts Capsicum annuum L. yield differentially across planting season

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