Light Interception and Radiative Exchange in Crop Stands

Monteith, J. L.

doi:10.2135/1969.physiologicalaspects.c9

Cited by 78 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Next, the leaf area index (LAI) was estimated with the following equation: LAI = leaf area (m 2 plant −1 ) × plant density (plants ha −1 )/10,000 (m 2 ha −1 ). The intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR i ) was estimated using the following formula:

{PAR}_{i} = Σ 0.5 R (1 - e^{- k LAI})

where R represents the total incoming solar radiation (MJ m −2 d −1 ; 0.5 means that the photosynthetically active radiation [PAR] is 50% of R ), and k is the light extinction coefficient, which is 0.65 for maize (Monteith, 1969).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Maize Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency to Combined Application of Controlled‐Release Urea and Normal Urea under Plastic Film Mulching in Semiarid Farmland

et al. 2019

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Controlled‐release urea is considered to enhance crop yields while reducing labor costs from fertilizer dressing, but the impacts can range widely depending on water availability in soil. Therefore, we conducted a 3‐yr field study to evaluate the potential role of controlled‐release urea in improving productivity and resource use efficiency of maize in semiarid areas in China. Treatments were established as two mulching modes (plastic film mulching [FM] and no mulching [NM]) and three nitrogen application modes (no nitrogen fertilizer [CK], a 1:2 ratio of controlled‐release urea to common urea [CRU], and common urea only [U]). Higher temperature and soil water content under FM treatments significantly accelerated maize growth and development, as indicated in terms of a larger leaf area index before silking, greater biomass accumulation, and greater grain yield. More robust plants with controlled‐release urea under mulching can better absorb and utilize deep soil water to increase water use efficiency (WUE). Mean shoot biomass, grain yield, and WUE during the three experimental years were 35.3, 19.0, and 12.4% higher in mulching with CRU treatments than in NM with controlled‐release urea treatments, respectively. Significant interactions existed for yield and WUE among surface mulching (SM), nitrogen fertilizer (NF), and sampling year (Y) in the three experimental years, except for SM × NF for WUE. These results demonstrate that a mixture of controlled‐release urea and U at an appropriate ratio under SM can provide a better water/temperature/nitrogen conditions for maize growth to realize relatively high yield with labor and time savings in semiarid farmland. Core Ideas Film mulching benefits topsoil temperature, soil moisture, and utilization of deeper soil water. Combining controlled‐release urea (CRU) and urea increased yield and resource use. Combing CRU and urea under plastic film increased yield and WUE. One‐time application of CRU + urea at an appropriate ratio will satisfy spring maize in dryland farming systems.

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{PAR}_{i} = Σ 0.5 R (1 - e^{- k LAI})

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Maize Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency to Combined Application of Controlled‐Release Urea and Normal Urea under Plastic Film Mulching in Semiarid Farmland

et al. 2019

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“…where 0.5 is the assumption that 50% of total incident solar radiation is photosynthetically active radiation, R is total incoming solar radiation; and k is light extinction coefficient according to Monteith (1969).…”

Section: Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and radiation use in maize–pea intercropping is enhanced with increased plant density

Fan

Chai

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Crop management to improve water use is a well‐established strategy for the effective use of limited natural resources in intercropping systems. Here, maize (Zea mays L.)– pea (Pisum sativum L.) strip intercropping with three maize densities (D1: 45,000, D2: 52,500, and D3: 60,000 plants ha−1) was compared to sole maize with three maize densities and sole pea. Soil water extraction and water difference were determined through soil water content over depth and across rows in intercropping, measured six times during the growing season. Land equivalent ratio (LER), radiation use efficiency (RUEGY for grain yield, and RUEBM for biomass), and water use efficiency (WUE) were calculated to compare intercropping with sole cropping. A soil water supplement potential from intercropped maize strips to intercropped pea was observed during the pea independent growth and co‐growth with maize periods, which declined as the growing season progressed and with increased maize density. After pea harvest, the potential of compensatory soil water for maize existed from the pea strips, which was greater with increased maize density. Maize–pea intercropping produced 23–38% greater total yield than corresponding sole crops, as the LER ranged from 1.23 to 1.38. Maize–pea intercropping with D3 attained the greatest grain yield, RUEGY, RUEBM, and WUE among three maize density treatments, and was 10, 9, 17, and 14% greater than that of corresponding sole maize. Increasing maize density increased grain yield, radiation and water use efficiency, and LER, indicating that the intercropping advantage was improved with increased maize density.

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“…Low initial growth in plants is common and can be explained by low water and nutrient absorption, small leaf area and by the low respiration and net assimilation during the initial period of development (MONTEITH, 1969). Therefore, growth, in terms of volume rise, dry matter, linear dimensions or structural units, is a matter of structural carbon storage (AUMONDE et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass production of wheat grown under different waterlogging conditions and the impact on seed vigor

Pedó¹,

Troyjack²,

Pimentel³

et al. 2018

Biosci. J.

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Light Interception and Radiative Exchange in Crop Stands

Cited by 78 publications

References 42 publications

Response of Maize Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency to Combined Application of Controlled‐Release Urea and Normal Urea under Plastic Film Mulching in Semiarid Farmland

Response of Maize Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency to Combined Application of Controlled‐Release Urea and Normal Urea under Plastic Film Mulching in Semiarid Farmland

Water and radiation use in maize–pea intercropping is enhanced with increased plant density

Biomass production of wheat grown under different waterlogging conditions and the impact on seed vigor

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