these components was mainly passive in nature. As such, plasmonic nanoantennas have been widely used to explore the surrounding chemical environments, to couple with nearby emitters, or to produce heat in nanoscale regions. [7][8][9][10] On the other hand, the ability and understanding of using light to trigger chemical reactions at bulk metal surfaces has been advancing consistently since decades before the advent of plasmonics chemistry. Photoexcited states at the bulk metal-molecule interface have been studied by a vast number of techniques; surface photochemistry is a much older field compared with plasmonic chemistry and, for many years, has been closely associated with other areas of research such as heterogeneous (photo)catalysis and femtosecond chemistry. [11][12][13][14] Recently, the possibility to actively induce photochemical reactions by using plasmonic metal nanoparticles opened new avenues for both the plasmonic chemistry and surface photochemistry communities. [15] It is not the intention of this Progress Report to cover areas recently reviewed nicely by other authors [16][17][18][19][20][21] but to offer a more fundamental point of view on hot-carriers in the broader context of surface photochemistry and plasmonic chemistry. As such, I will start by briefly describing the traditional uses of plasmonic nanoantennas, emphasizing the role of energy losses within metal nanoparticles, and the recent appearance of high-refractive index dielectric antennas as powerful tools for enhancing electric and magnetic fields with minimal losses. I will then move forward to introduce the basis of molecular reactivity in photochemical reactions on both bulk metal surfaces and metal plasmonic nanoparticles before highlighting the new possibilities of plasmon-driven photochemistry regarding bond selectivity, enhanced (quantum and chemical) efficiency, and spatial distribution of reactivity. Complementary approaches studying charge-transfer processes and electronic transitions at the metal nanoparticle-molecule interface are briefly touched upon. Finally, a roadmap of challenges and possible routes to be explored is provided.
Metal and Dielectric Nanoantennas: the Role of LossesLocalized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) can be triggered after light impinges on a metal nanoparticle (NP). The incident Light-induced chemical reactions on bulk metal surfaces have been explored for more than 50 years. Light absorption at the metal surface plays a key role in inducing photochemical transformations of adsorbed molecules. Our current ability to control both the absorption cross-sections and the energy of absorbed light by metal plasmonic nanoparticles opens new pathways for the manipulation of photochemical reactions. Physical phenomena associated with the localized surface plasmon resonances, such as energetic surface states and intensified electric fields, force us to revisit our traditional understanding of photochemical reactions at metal surfaces. Long standing goals in the field -such as bond selectivity and increas...