Light-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs with graphene/TiO2 composite coating on Ti implant

Carbon dots as a new class of multifunctional nanomaterial in mesenchymal stem cells: opportunities and challenges

“…174 The changes of external surface potential can affect the behavior of charged biological ions, proteins, related ion pathways and receptors in cells, and determine the fate of cells. 175,176…”

“…174 The changes of external surface potential can affect the behavior of charged biological ions, proteins, related ion pathways and receptors in cells, and determine the fate of cells. 175,176 Low oxygen tension in vitro is beneficial for MSCs to differentiate into cartilage. 177 Dhara et al used carbon dots for scavenging free radicals to create a controlled low oxygen gradient in vivo model and explore a new method for ectopic cartilage formation.…”

Physical Stimulation Combined with Biomaterials Promotes Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

“…Photoelectric stimulators convert light into electrical signals, providing a wirelessly controlled and less invasive option for PNI repair [ 64 ]. The photodynamic scaffold has unique advantages such as being non-invasive and coming with high controllability [ 65 , 66 ]. Wu et al established a photoconductive bio-interface [ 67 ].…”

A photoelectric effect integrated scaffold for the wireless regulation of nerve cellular behavior

“…In particular, light-powered scaffolds possess unique advantageous features of a convenient non-invasive mode, high light-controllability, adjustable energy input via light intensity and reversible on/off switch. 20,21 Following this concept, photoelectrical polymers have been applied as light-powered scaffolds to stimulate living cells and manipulate cellular behavior. For example, a photoelectrical poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) nanoweb substrate was reported to enhance neuronal differentiation and electrophysiological maturation in human fetal neural stem cells (hfNSCs).…”