Light, fluorescence and electron microscopic studies of rabbit subclavian glomera

Hansen, John T.; Yates, Robert D.

doi:10.1002/aja.1001440408

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Aortic bodies have been described in Sprague‐Dawley, Long‐Evans and Wistar rats, using light, fluorescence and electron microscopy (Hansen 1981; McDonald & Blewett, 1981; Habeck & Przybylski 1989; Habeck et al 1991; Cheng et al 1997). The aortic paraganglia demonstrated in this study are similar to the aortic bodies described in other strains of rat and to those seen in other species (Hansen & Yates, 1975). Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated periadventitial, small (< 10 μm in diameter) intensely fluorescent cells, possibly indicating the presence of biogenic amines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Activity of aortic chemoreceptors in the anaesthetized rat

Sarah

Ford

Carey

et al. 1999

The Journal of Physiology

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It has been widely accepted that the rat aortic depressor nerve contains only baroreceptors. However, the experiments which have provided these negative data have employed whole aortic nerve recording. In the present study, the technical difficulties associated with recording single fibres in vivo, from the rat aortic nerve (diameter 25‐50 μm), have been surmounted using a small tip, glass suction electrode technique. Upon switching from normocapnic hyperoxia to hypercapnic hypoxia, irregularly firing units (n= 13) appeared and these were significantly excited by intravenous injections of sodium cyanide (20 μg) but not by rises in arterial blood pressure induced by methoxamine (an α1‐adrenoreceptor agonist; 10 μg). Inhalation of 100 % oxygen rapidly and reversibly silenced, or profoundly reduced, ongoing activity. Intravenous injection of phenylbiguanide (PBG; a 5‐HT3 receptor agonist; 8 μg) strongly stimulated the chemoreceptors and was followed by a period of chemodepression (3‐21 s). In contrast none of the single fibre baroreceptors recorded (n= 15) were excited by PBG but all significantly increased their discharge in response to the increases in arterial blood pressure associated with methoxamine and cyanide. Both the excitatory and inhibitory effects of PBG on the chemoreceptor fibres were abolished by ondansetron (a 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist: 1 mg kg−1 i.v.; n= 5 animals) whilst the chemoexcitatory action of cyanide was preserved. It is concluded that there are chemoreceptor afferents contained in the aortic nerve of the Sprague‐Dawley rat. The 5‐HT3 receptor appears not to be a pre‐requisite for aortic body chemoexcitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Activity of aortic chemoreceptors in the anaesthetized rat

Sarah

Ford

Carey

et al. 1999

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Similar observations have been made regarding nerve endings in subclavian paraganglia (Hansen & Yates, 1975) and abdominal vagal paraganglia (Morgan et al, 1976). Four decades ago Hollinshead (1941Hollinshead ( , 1946 presented evidence that abdominal vagal paraganglia in the mouse and rat have a chemoreceptive function similar to that of the carotid and aortic bodies.…”

Section: Carotid Body-like Paragangliamentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Blue-stained paraganglia that we found near branches of the cervical and thoracic portions of the vagus nerve were morphologically indistinguishable from paraganglia found in these locations by other methods (B6ck, 1970a;Kjaergaard, 1973;Hansen & Yates, 1975). The organs were composed of irregularly shaped clusters of paraganglion cells surrounded by an anastomosing network of blood vessels (Fig.…”

Section: Morphology Of Paragangliamentioning

confidence: 86%

“…These organs constitute the group of paraganglia called aortic bodies, aortico-pulmonary glomera and subclavian glomera (Nonidez, 1935;Howe, 1956;Coleridge et al, 1967;Kjaergaard, 1973;Hansen & Yates, 1975). Some aortic bodies had a clear association with the aortic depressor nerve, but others were located near such structures as the recurrent laryngeal nerve and tiny nerves that joined the vagus nerve or sympathetic trunk directly.…”

Section: Distribution and Size Of Paragangliamentioning

confidence: 97%

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Location and size of carotid body-like organs (paraganglia) revealed in rats by the permeability of blood vessels to Evans blue dye

1981

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We determined the number, distribution size, and morphology of paraganglia near the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves of rats. The location of paraganglia was revealed by a method that takes advantage of the comparatively high permeability of their blood vessels to Evans blue dye. Rats were fixed by vascular perfusion of glutaraldehyde 2 min after receiving an intravenous injection of Evans blue dye. Paraganglia appeared as circumscribed, intensely blue structures that were readily distinguished from unstained nerves associated with them. Similarly, some groups of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells in autonomic and sensory ganglia were surrounded by Evans blue at a time that other portions of the ganglia contained little detectable dye. An average of 92.5 (range 41-134) paraganglia and 41 (range 17-68) blue spots in ganglia were found in the neck, thorax and abdomen of each of 10 rats. Carotid bodies had a mean length of 601 +/- 123 micrometer, width of 275 +/- 65 micrometer, and volume of 25.1 +/- 11.2 micrometer 3 X 10(6). Other paraganglia had an average length of 168 +/- 108 micrometer, width of 77 +/- 41 micrometer, and volume of 0.87 +/- 1.55 micrometer 3 X 10(6). The total volume of paraganglion tissue averaged 128 micrometer 3 X 10(6) (range 62-215 micrometer 3 X 10(6)), 59% of which was due to paraganglia other than the carotid bodies. By using fluorescence microscopy, we verified that small catecholamine-containing cells, visible because of their yellow-green fluorescence induced by formaldehyde gas, were located in regions along nerves and within ganglia that contained extravascular dye, visible because of its red fluorescence. Electron-microscopic studies confirmed that blue-stained organs (presumptive paraganglia) associated with the superior laryngeal nerve and other branches of the vagus nerve contained cells morphologically similar to glomus cells of the carotid body. Celiac ganglia contained, in addition, some cells similar to chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Paraganglia (but not in SIF cells in ganglia) were encapsulated by layers of perineurium, which may constitute a barrier to diffusion. Tortuous thin-walled blood vessels, some with a fenestrated endothelium, were present in all paraganglia examined and were near most groups of SIF cells in ganglia. Neural connections of the small catecholamine-containing cells varied. Most nerve terminals on cells in paraganglia resembled sensory nerve endings on glomus cells of the carotid body, although some were morphologically similar to preganglionic nerves on chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.

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“…Both the carotid and aortic bodies contain an abundance of catecholamines (CAs), especially dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) (Hellstrom and Koslow, 1975;Hansen and Yates, 1975;Mills et al, 1978;Hansen and Christie, 1981). These CAs are stored in dense-core vesicles (Chen and Yates, 1969) which are the most striking characteristic of the major parenchymal cell type, the glomus (Type I) cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of enkephalin‐like immunoreactivity in the cat carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors

et al. 1982

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The purpose of this study was to determine if enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was present in the glomus cells of the carotid and aortic body peripheral arterial chemoreceptors. Cat carotid and aortic bodies were reacted with antisera to met- and leu-enkephalin using the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method of Sternberger (1979). Both the carotid and aortic bodies demonstrated clusters of immunoreactive cells for both met- and leu-enkephalin. Additionally, met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was observed in many of the dense-core vesicles of the glomus cells of the carotid body. The glomus cells of these chemoreceptors are known to contain catecholamines which may modulate chemoreceptor activity. The presence of opioid peptide-like substances co-existing with the glomus cell catecholamines, perhaps in the same vesicles, may have important implications for a trophic influence of these peptides on glomus cell chemoreceptor modulation.

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Light, fluorescence and electron microscopic studies of rabbit subclavian glomera

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Activity of aortic chemoreceptors in the anaesthetized rat

Activity of aortic chemoreceptors in the anaesthetized rat

Location and size of carotid body-like organs (paraganglia) revealed in rats by the permeability of blood vessels to Evans blue dye

Localization of enkephalin‐like immunoreactivity in the cat carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors

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