Light-driven sp3-sp3 cross-coupling of carboxylic acids and alkyl halides over a Ni single-atom catalyst

Abstract

The coupling of two sp3 hybridized fragments remains a challenging protocol for organic synthesis. Although visible light-driven dual photoredox catalysis, a method that combines photoabsorbers and transition metals, has become a powerful tool to conduct such transformations, resource economical and scalability issues persist, due to the use of catalysts and light absorbers which exploit critical raw materials (e.g., iridium complexes) and are homogeneous in nature. Here we report the first synergistic merger of metallic single-atom and photoredox catalysis, in the form of a Ni atom-supported carbon nitride material, for decarboxylative sp3-sp3 cross-coupling between carboxylic acids and alkyl halides. This operationally straightforward system, comprised of only earth-abundant components, exhibits a wide functional group tolerance. Additionally, the reaction time is 83% shorter than the reported homogeneous procedure, making the method highly attractive for industrial application.

A comparative approach for characterizing the relationship among morphology, range-of-motion and locomotor behaviour in the primate shoulder

“…Data and scripts required to run the proximity-driven model, compute ROM metrics, and reproduce results presented in the paper are published open-access on the Queen's University Database () [70]. The MATLAB functions for computing distance fields developed by J. J. Crisco (Brown University) can be accessed on a public Github repository ().…”