Light-dependent fluorescence in the coral Galaxea fascicularis

Ben-Zvi, Or; Eyal, Gal; Loya, Yossi

doi:10.1007/s10750-014-2063-6

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Previous studies have documented the photoadaptive mechanisms of corals, from morphological plasticity to symbiodinium density (Hoegh-Guldberg et al 2007) and pigmentation concentration (Ben-Zvi et al 2015, Muir et al 2015, as well as light-enhanced calcification (Goreau 1959, Chalker andTaylor 1975). These mechanisms allow many coral species to maintain their metabolic functions over broad light ranges.…”

Section: Modern-day Measurements Are Consistent With Historical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light environment drives the shallow‐to‐mesophotic coral community transition

et al. 2019

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Light quality is a crucial physical factor driving coral distribution along depth gradients. Currently, a 30 m depth limit, based on SCUBA regulations, separates shallow and deep mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs). This definition, however, fails to explicitly accommodate environmental variation. Here, we posit a novel definition for a regional or reef‐to‐reef outlook of MCEs based on the light vs. coral community–structure relationship. A combination of physical and ecological methods enabled us to clarify the ambiguity in relation to the mesophotic definition. To characterize coral community structure with respect to the light environment, we conducted wide‐scale spatial studies at five sites along shallow and MCEs of the Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba (0–100 m depth). Surveys were conducted by technical‐diving and drop‐cameras, in addition to one year of light spectral measurements. We quantify two distinct coral assemblages: shallow (<40 m) and MCEs (40–100 m), exhibiting markedly different relationships with light. The depth ranges and morphology of 47 coral genera were better explained by light than depth, mainly, due to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) (1% at 76 and 36 m, respectively). Branching coral species were found mainly at shallower depths, that is, down to 36 m. Among the abundant upper‐mesophotic specialist corals, Leptoseris glabra, Euphyllia paradivisa, and Alveopora spp. were found strictly between 40 and 80 m depth. The only lower‐mesophotic specialist, Leptoseris fragilis, was found deeper than 80 m. We suggest that shallow coral genera are light‐limited below a level of 1.25% surface PAR and that the optimal PAR for mesophotic communities is at 7.5%. This study contributes to moving MCE ecology from a descriptive phase into identifying key ecological and physiological processes structuring MCE coral communities. Moreover, it may serve as a model enabling the description of a coral zonation worldwide on the basis of light quality data.

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Section: Modern-day Measurements Are Consistent With Historical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Ben‐Zvi et al. ) with different species necessarily occupying different depth ranges or niches (Kahng and Kelley , Bridge et al. , Eyal et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light environment drives the shallow‐to‐mesophotic coral community transition

et al. 2019

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“…chromoprotein) of corals and brown‐yellow pigmented zooxanthellae living in coral tissues, give corals a vivid display of color. Currently, several diverse colors of FPs (e.g., cyan, green, and red) have been identified, and the distinct differences in expression patterns of FPs among different parts of polyp tissues within a polyp/colony have been characterized in some corals (Ben‐Zvi, Eyal, & Loya, ; Gruber, Kao, Janoschka, Tsai, & Pieribone, ; Kelmanson & Matz, ; Oswald et al, ). However, to the best of our knowledge, no published studies have clearly described FPs in the testis of corals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FPs can absorb high energy light (e.g., ultraviolet A) and emit light with lower energy. Thus, FPs have been proposed to be involved in photoprotection from high UVA/blue irradiation (Ben‐Zvi et al, ; Roth, Latz, Goericke, & Dehyn, ; Salih, Larkum, Cox, Kühl, & Hoegh‐Guldberg, ) and photosynthetic enhancement of zooxanthellae (Roth et al, ; Smith, D'Angelo, Sharon, Tchernov, & Wiedenmann, ) in coral physiology. In addition, antioxidant activity (H 2 O 2 degradation activity) has been confirmed in FPs derived from several corals, suggesting another possible role of FPs (Bou‐Abdallah, Chasteen, & Lesser, ; Palmer, Modi, & Mydlarz, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) EaGFP expression might be influenced by environmental factors in the habitat region. In other corals, the expression level of GFP has been shown to be affected by light intensity (Ben‐Zvi et al, ; Roth et al, ). It is possible that changes in the day length, light intensity, and other environmental factors, such as seawater temperature during our observation period (from winter to spring), affected the expression levels of EaGFP .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular somatic cells in the stony coral Euphyllia ancora express an endogenous green fluorescent protein

Chiu

Shikina

Chang

2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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In a variety of organisms, adult gonads contain several specialized somatic cells that regulate and support the development of germline cells. In stony corals, the characteristics and functions of gonadal somatic cells remain largely unknown. No molecular markers are currently available that allow for the identification and enrichment of gonadal somatic cells in corals. Here, we showed that the testicular somatic cells of a stony coral, Euphyllia ancora, express an endogenous green fluorescent protein (GFP). Fluorescence microscopy showed that, in contrast to the endogenous expression of the red fluorescent protein of E. ancora ovaries that we have previously reported, the testes displayed a distinct green fluorescence. Molecular identification and spectrum characterization demonstrated that E. ancora testes expressed a GFP (named EaGFP) that is a homolog of the GFP from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and that possesses an excitation maximum of 506 nm and an emission maximum of 514 nm. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the testicular somatic cells, but not the germ cells, expressed EaGFP. EaGFP was enclosed within one or a few granules in the cytoplasm of testicular somatic cells, and the granule number decreased as spermatogenesis proceeded. We also showed that testicular somatic cells could be enriched by using endogenous GFP as an indicator. The present study not only revealed one of the unique cellular characteristics of coral testicular cells but also established a technical basis for more in‐depth investigations of the function of testicular somatic cells in spermatogenesis in future studies.

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