Light-controlled bubble propulsion of amorphous TiO<sub>2</sub>/Au Janus micromotors

Li, Yan; Mou, Fangzhi; Chen, Chuanrui; You, Min; Yin, Yi; Xu, Leilei; Guan, Jianguo

doi:10.1039/c5ra26798f

Cited by 78 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although H 2 O 2 is used as a common fuel in Fenton reactions for large‐scale wastewater treatment, its use as a catalytic fuel for micromotors in biomedical applications might lead to a risk of introducing toxic species into living organisms . The light energy source is renewable, powerful, and abundant, which meets the energy requirements for water purification, and meanwhile it is harmless for living organisms . Light not only can be converted into a directional motion by photoresponsive micromotors, but it can also be applied to induce the photodegradation of different pollutants in water‐purification processes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Pourrahimi

Villa

Palenzuela

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The first models of mesoporous ZnO/Pt Janus micromotors that show fuelfree and light-powered propulsion depending on the interface roughness are shown. Two models of ZnO semiconducting particles with distinct surface morphologies and pore structures are synthesized by self-aggregation of primary nanoparticles and nanosheets into nanoscale rough and smooth microparticles, respectively. The self-assembled nanosheet model (smooth) provides a large surface for the formation of a continuous Pt layer with strong adherence, whereas the discontinuous Pt species take place inside the inter-nanoparticles pores in the self-assembled nanoparticle model (rough). The effects of the interface, surface porosity, defect, and charge transfer on the light-powered motion for both well-designed mesoporous ZnO/Pt Janus micromotors are investigated and compared to find the underlying propulsion mechanisms. The degradation of two model pollutants is demonstrated as a proof-of-concept application of these carefully engineered Janus micromotors. In this work, it is shown that by discreet material fabrication together with semiconductor/metal interface charge transport interpretation, it would be possible to develop new light-driven Janus micromotors based on other photocatalysts containing active surfaces such as TiO 2 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Pourrahimi

Villa

Palenzuela

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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“…There are further approaches to design light‐driven micromotors by, for instance, using bubble‐based propulsion or by inducing temperature gradients to drive thermophoretic swimmers . A detailed discussion regarding the designs for light‐controlled micromotors has been provided in previous reviews .…”

Section: Light‐controlled Micromotors (Lmms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light‐Controlled Micromotors and Soft Microrobots

Palagi

Singh

Fischer

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

104

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Mobile microscale devices and microrobots can be powered by catalytic reactions (chemical micromotors) or by external fields. This report is focused on the role of light as a versatile means for wirelessly powering and controlling such microdevices. Recent advances in the development of autonomous micromotors are discussed, where light permits their actuation with unprecedented control and thereby enables advances in the field of active matter. In addition, structuring the light field is a new means to drive soft microrobots that are based on (photo‐) responsive polymers. The behavior of the two main classes of thermo‐ and photoresponsive polymers adopted in microrobotics (poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and liquid‐crystal elastomers) is analyzed, and recent applications are reported. The advantages and limitations of controlling micromotors and microrobots by light are reviewed, and some of the remaining challenges in the development of novel photo‐active materials for micromotors and microrobots are discussed.

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“…In order to avoid the aggregation of the TiO 2 /Pt micromotors and maximize on‐the‐fly pollutant degradation, UV light was irradiated in a pulsed mode. However, when the TiO 2 /Au Janus particles present an amorphous crystalline structure an intense bubble thrust is generated in presence of H 2 O 2 , leading to a bubble‐propelled motion mechanism . Although they exhibit speeds of 135 µm s −1 , their lifetime is limited to 20 min due to their gradual dissolution in 15 wt% H 2 O 2 solution.…”

Section: Synthetic Micro/nanoparticle Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

Guix

Weiz

Schmidt

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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resulted in a forward motion. Here, the thermodynamic forces act over the inertial thrust. Variations of this motion principle have been reported over the last decade and they will be discussed accordingly in the following sections depending on the micromotor design and the energy source used for its propulsion (i.e., concentration gradient, electric fields, magnetic fields, thermal gradients). Additionally, different approaches to improve the performance in terms of velocity, control, lifetime, and functionality will be covered. However, there are certain constraints on the synthetic autonomous nano-and microparticle performance, such as poor interaction with the surrounding environment (i.e., biological entities) and lack of sensing capabilities, in addition to low lifespan or related toxicity issues. Therefore, biohybrid particulate micromotors appear as a promising solution to overcome such hurdles. They take advantage of the tailored and advanced functions of biological cells or microorganism, such as self-propulsion, sensing, and cargo capabilities, as well as their ability to interact with other cells. Together with the controllability of engineered microobjects, hybrid micro-and nanomotors represent a promising tool for diverse biomedical and environmental applications, where the main power source comes from their natural environment. [11] As shown in Figure 1, in this review we classify micro-and nanoparticle micromotors in two main categories: synthetic and biohybrids. The synthetic micromotors are then divided according to their propulsion mechanism, as follows: those propelled by a catalytic reaction, by optical stimuli, under magnetic fields, with ultrasound steering, electricity, and thermophoresis, respectively. Likewise, the biohybrids are classified as those propelled by bacteria and those employing enzymes as main energy source, respectively. Additionally, we point out the different methods that have been proposed during the last decade to guide the particles and the related collective behavior. We also discuss the potential applications and remaining challenges in the final section of the review. Synthetic Micro/Nanoparticle MotorsThe development of the first sphere-like synthetic micro-and nanomachines with their rotationally symmetric shape was particularly challenging. As per se, they contradict the first rule in the design of microscale devices aiming to perform an effective motility in response to specific energy input: they must present asymmetry. Such symmetry breaking can be associated with shape or the distribution of a certain reactive The growing interest in the design and fabrication of novel autonomous micro-and nanoparticles is motivated by the vast advances in their motion efficiency and their further implementation in both biomedical and environmental fields. The present review covers the motion principle and fabrication procedures of synthetic and hybrid particle-like micromotors reported to date to give a comprehensive view of the key design parameters and different approaches...

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Light-controlled bubble propulsion of amorphous TiO₂/Au Janus micromotors

Abstract: The bubble-propelled amorphous TiO2/Au Janus micromotors with the reversibly light-controlled motion state and speed have been demonstrated by utilizing the efficient photocatalytic H2O2 decomposition over the in situ H2O2 sensitized amorphous TiO2.

Cited by 78 publications

References 51 publications

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Light‐Controlled Micromotors and Soft Microrobots

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

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Light-controlled bubble propulsion of amorphous TiO2/Au Janus micromotors

Abstract: The bubble-propelled amorphous TiO2/Au Janus micromotors with the reversibly light-controlled motion state and speed have been demonstrated by utilizing the efficient photocatalytic H2O2 decomposition over the in situ H2O2 sensitized amorphous TiO2.

Cited by 78 publications

References 51 publications

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Light‐Controlled Micromotors and Soft Microrobots

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

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Product

Resources

About

Light-controlled bubble propulsion of amorphous TiO₂/Au Janus micromotors