Light clusters in nuclear matter of finite temperature

Beyer, Michael; Strauß, Stefan; Schuck, Peter; Sofianos, S. A.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2003-10237-5

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The data provide experimental evidence for a large degree of alpha clustering in this low density matter, in agreement with theoretical predictions [1,7,8,9]. Temperature and density dependent symmetry free energies and symmetry energies have been determined at densities of 0.05ρ 0 or less, where ρ 0 is the ground state density of symmetric nuclear matter, by application of an isoscaling analysis [10,11].…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Experimental determination of the symmetry energy of a low density nuclear gas

et al. 2007

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Experimental analyses of moderate temperature nuclear gases produced in the violent collisions of 35 MeV/nucleon 64 Zn projectiles with 92 Mo and 197 Au target nuclei reveal a large degree of alpha particle clustering at low densities. For these gases, temperature and density dependent symmetry energy coefficients have been derived from isoscaling analyses of the yields of nuclei with A ≤ 4. At densities of 0.01 to 0.05 times the ground state density of symmetric nuclear matter, the temperature and density dependent symmetry energies range from 9.03 to 13.6 MeV. This is much larger than those obtained in mean field Calculations and reflects the clusterization of low density nuclear matter. He are expected to be small and they are ignored in the calculation. In the work reported in reference [1] these virial coefficients were then used to make predictions for a variety of properties of nuclear matter over a range of density, temperature and composition. The authors view this virial equation of state, derived from experimental observables, as modelindependent, and therefore a benchmark for all nuclear equations of state at low densities. Its importance in both nuclear physics and in the physics of the neutrino sphere in supernovae is discussed in the VEOS paper [1]. A particularly important feature of the VEOS, emphasized in reference [1], is the natural inclusion of clustering which leads to large symmetry energies at low baryon density.In this paper we extend our investigations of the nucleon and light cluster emission that occurs in near-Fermi energy heavy ion collisions [2,3,4,5,6] to investigate the properties of the low density participant matter produced in such collisions. The data provide experimental evidence for a large degree of alpha clustering in this low density matter, in agreement with theoretical predictions [1,7,8,9]. Temperature and density dependent symmetry free energies and symmetry energies have been determined at densities of 0.05ρ 0 or less, where ρ 0 is the ground state density of symmetric nuclear matter, by application of an isoscaling analysis [10,11]. The symmetry energy coefficient values obtained, 9.03 to 13.6 MeV, are much larger then those derived from effective interactions in mean field models. The values are in reasonable agreement with those calculated in the VEOS treatment of reference [1]. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURESThe reactions of 35A MeV 64 Zn projectiles with 92 Mo and 197 Au target nuclei were studied at the K-500 SuperConducting Cyclotron at Texas A&M University, using the 4π detector array NIMROD [3]. NIMROD consists of a 166 segment charged particle array set inside a neu-

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confidence: 77%

Experimental determination of the symmetry energy of a low density nuclear gas

et al. 2007

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“…Nuclear matter at densities much less than the saturation density tends to form clusters [9][10][11][12][13] to minimize its energy and entropy. As a result two-three-and many-body correlations are formed.…”

Section: Chapter4 Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium (Nse) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This creates new bound states (clusters) which appear as new particle species in the system, change its composition and modify its thermodynamical behavior. Studies [10,13] showed that clusters with A= 2, 3 and 4 are dominant at low density and so they must be included in any equation of state that describes the nuclear matter at this limit.…”

Section: Chapter4 Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium (Nse) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies [9][10][11][12][13] showed that nuclear matter at densities much less than the saturation density tends to form clusters to minimize its energy and entropy. Studies [10,13] showed that light clusters with mass numbers A= 2, 3 and 4 are dominant at low density nuclear matter and so they must be included in any equation of state that describes the nuclear matter at this limit.…”

Section: Chapter1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light cluster formation in low density nuclear matter and the stability of hot nuclei

Talahmeh¹,

Jaqaman²

2012

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Nuclear matter at low density and finite temperatures consists not only of nucleons but also of clusters of nucleons. In this work we study the problem of hot charged nuclei immersed in a clustered vapor. These nuclei are treated as hot liquid drops that exist in mechanical, thermal, and chemical equilibrium with the surrounding vapor. The effect of inclusion of clusters in the vapor on the limiting temperature and on the instability of hot nuclei is investigated. It was found that the existence of clusters in the vapor lowers the limiting temperature by several MeVs.

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“…The data provide experimental evidence for a large degree of alpha clustering resulting from nucleon coalescence in this low density matter,as predicted by a number of theoretical predictions. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Experimental symmetry free energy coefficients have been derived using the isoscaling method. The isoscaling technique assumes that for two systems with similar temperatures but different N/Z ratios, the ratio of yields of a particular isotope in the two systems may be expressed as where C is a constant.…”

Section: Light Particle Clusterization In Nuclear Matter At Very Low mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Density Nuclear Matter in Fermi Energy Collisions

Qin

Hagel

Wada

et al. 2010

Int. J. Mod. Phys. E

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Recent heavy ion reaction studies aimed at elucidating the properties of low density matter produced in near Fermi-energies are discussed. At the lowest densities and temperatures large alpha mass fractions are observed. The symmetry free energies derived from isoscaling analyses are far above those obtained in common effective interaction calculations, reflecting cluster formation, primarily of alpha particles, not included in such calculations. Theoretical modeling of these results requires the consideration of cluster formation and medium modifications of cluster properties

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Light clusters in nuclear matter of finite temperature

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Experimental determination of the symmetry energy of a low density nuclear gas

Experimental determination of the symmetry energy of a low density nuclear gas

Light cluster formation in low density nuclear matter and the stability of hot nuclei

Low Density Nuclear Matter in Fermi Energy Collisions

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