Light as a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial

Gwynne, Peter; Gallagher, Maurice P.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00119

Cited by 77 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…In an attempt to combat such resistant pathogens, there is an urgent and compelling need to develop novel antimicrobials. To this effect, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) including bacteriocins and lipopeptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities have been found to be promising alternative candidates (Singh et al, 2014;Sharma et al, 2014;Lum et al, 2015;Raman et al, 2015;Lyu et al, 2016;Gwynne and Gallagher, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactin Like Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Lipopeptide Co-produced With Sublancin From Bacillus subtilis Strain A52: Dual Reservoir of Bioactives

et al. 2020

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An antimicrobial substance producing strain designated as A52 was isolated from a marine sediment sample and identified as Bacillus sp., based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The ANI and dDDH analysis of the genome sequence displayed high identity with two strains of B. subtilis sub sp. subtilis. Strain A52 yielded two antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that differed in activity spectrum. MALDI mass spectrometry analysis of HPLC purified fractions revealed mass of peptides as 3881.6 and 1061.9 Da. The antiSMASH analysis of genome sequence unraveled presence of identical biosynthetic cluster involved in production of sublancin from B. subtilis sub sp. subtilis strain 168, which yielded peptide with identical mass. The low molecular weight peptide is found to be a cyclic lipopeptide containing C 16 β-hydroxy fatty acid that resembled surfactin-like group of biosurfactants. However, it differed in fatty acid composition and antimicrobial spectrum in comparison to other surfactins produced by strains of B. subtilis. It exhibited broad spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibited growth of pathogenic strains of Candida and filamentous fungi. Further, it exhibited hemolytic activity, but did not show phytotoxic effect in seed germination experiment. The emulgel formulation of surfactin-like lipopeptide showed antimicrobial activity in vitro and did not show any irritation effects in animal studies using BALB/c mice. Moreover, surfactin-like lipopeptide displayed synergistic activity with fluconazole against Candida, indicating its potential for external therapeutic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactin Like Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Lipopeptide Co-produced With Sublancin From Bacillus subtilis Strain A52: Dual Reservoir of Bioactives

et al. 2020

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“…As noted in 2015 (National action plan for combating antibiotic‐resistant bacteria of the White House), one of the vital points to control the continuous expansion of antimicrobial resistance, where biofilms play such an important role, is the development of non‐traditional approaches that are less likely to drive resistance . One alternative therapeutic option is antimicrobial blue light (aBL), a widely studied version of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) which activates endogenously produced photosensitizing molecules via visible light irradiation in the spectrum of 400–470 nm . The proposed mechanism of action of aBL involves the natural accumulation in microbial cells of photoactive iron‐free porphyrins .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed mechanism of action of aBL involves the natural accumulation in microbial cells of photoactive iron‐free porphyrins . These endogenous porphyrins absorb the Soret band of light (405–420 nm) and are subsequently excited to the triplet state, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated . ROS rapidly react with a wide range of microbial macromolecules and destroy various key components such as cellular envelopes, proteins, lipids, and genetic material .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Blue Light Inactivation of Microbial Isolates in Biofilms

et al. 2019

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Background and Objectives Biofilms cause more than 80% of infections in humans, including more than 90% of all chronic wound infections and are extremely resistant to antimicrobials and the immune system. The situation is exacerbated by the fast spreading of antimicrobial resistance, which has become one of the biggest threats to current public health. There is consequently a critical need for the development of alternative therapeutics. Antimicrobial blue light (aBL) is a light‐based approach that exhibits intrinsic antimicrobial effect without the involvement of exogenous photosensitizers. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of this non‐antibiotic approach against biofilms formed by microbial isolates of multidrug‐resistant bacteria. Study Design/Materials and Methods Microbial isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, MRSA, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis were studied. Biofilms were grown in microtiter plates for 24 or 48 hours or in the CDC biofilm reactor for 48 hours and exposed to aBL at 405 nm (60 mW/cm2, 60 or 30 minutes). The anti‐biofilm activity of aBL was measured by viable counts. Results The biofilms of A. baumannii, N. gonorrhoeae, and P. aeruginosa were the most susceptible to aBL with between 4 and 8 log10 inactivation after 108 J/cm2 (60 mW/cm2, 30 minutes) or 216 J/cm2 (60 mW/cm2, 60 minutes) aBL were delivered in the microplates. On the contrary, the biofilms of C. albicans, E. coli, E. faecalis, and P. mirabilis were the least susceptible to aBL inactivation (−0.30, −0.24, −0.84, and −0.68 log10 inactivation, respectively). The same aBL treatment in biofilms developed in the CDC biofilm reactor, caused −1.68 log10 inactivation in A. baumannii and −1.74 and −1.65 log10 inactivation in two different strains of P. aeruginosa. Conclusions aBL exhibits potential against pathogenic microorganisms and could help with the significant need for new antimicrobials in clinical practice to manage multidrug‐resistant infections. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Light in the ultraviolet-C (UV-C) range has been considered carcinogenic [35,36]. However, recent studies suggest that UV-C light is highly bactericidal without having a significant effect on human cells [37][38][39][40]. UV-C light could be deployed from the surgical lighting patty unit to decontaminate or sterilize the surgical field from antibiotic-resistant bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Soft, Biocompatible Magnetic Field Enabled Wireless Surgical Lighting Patty for Neurosurgery

et al. 2020

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General surgical procedures are subject to low-light conditions or a narrow angle of view, and such limitations in light limit visibility and complicate the given surgical procedure. Conventional lighted surgical tools rely on an external light source, which may be oriented into a cavity or mounted on a surgical instrument such as retractor, endoscopes, or suction tubes. However, such conventional lighted instruments do not provide adequate lighting during various surgical procedures. Here, we present a soft, miniaturized magnetic-enabled wireless surgical lighting patty. Specifically, the proposed surgical lighting patty that can be temporarily implanted into a cavity or surgical corridor provides lighting to the surgical subject and manages fluids in a surgical field. The surgical lighting patty is a multilayer patty, two outer layers of the lighted surgical patty and the center lighted layer. A reed switch in the central layer can activate the power supply in response to a magnet to emit the light from the light source. The result allows a dramatically simplified wireless operation. Moreover, it can provide various wavelengths of light to a surgical field for purposes such as illuminating the surgeon’s field of vision, exciting dyes, and sterilizing surgical fields.

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Light as a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial

Cited by 77 publications

References 129 publications

Surfactin Like Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Lipopeptide Co-produced With Sublancin From Bacillus subtilis Strain A52: Dual Reservoir of Bioactives

Surfactin Like Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Lipopeptide Co-produced With Sublancin From Bacillus subtilis Strain A52: Dual Reservoir of Bioactives

Antimicrobial Blue Light Inactivation of Microbial Isolates in Biofilms

A Soft, Biocompatible Magnetic Field Enabled Wireless Surgical Lighting Patty for Neurosurgery

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