Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB enhances levels of antiviral cytokine in response to PRRSV infection in vitro

Zhang, Yina; Zhou, Yonggang; Yang, Qingyuan; Mu, Chunlong; Duan, Erzhen; Chen, Jing; Yang, Mingfan; Xia, Pingan; Bao-an, Cui

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.06.021

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition, ADE also interferes with innate signaling responses. Previous study has indicated that pretreatment with Fc␥RIIbspecific IgG up-regulates the transcriptional levels of IFN␣ and TNF␣, but down-regulates IL-10 in PRRSV-infected PAMs (Zhang et al, 2012). The expression of TNF␣ and IFN␤ is suppressed in the presence of anti-PRRSV antibodies.…”

Section: Antibody-dependent Enhancement (Ade)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Regulation and evasion of antiviral immune responses by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

2015

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Virus infection of mammalian cells triggers host innate immune responses to restrict viral replication and induces adaptive immunity for viral elimination. In order to survive and propagate, viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to subvert host defense system by encoding proteins that target key components of the immune signaling pathways. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a RNA virus, impairs several processes of host immune responses including interfering with interferon production and signaling, modulating cytokine expression, manipulating apoptotic responses and regulating adaptive immunity. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms of how PRRSV interferes with the different steps of initial antiviral host responses to establish persistent infection in pigs. Dissection of the PRRSV-host interaction is the key in understanding PRRSV pathogenesis and will provide a basis for the rational design of vaccines.

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Section: Antibody-dependent Enhancement (Ade)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Regulation and evasion of antiviral immune responses by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

2015

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“…Such immune modulation is well described for FcγR triggering by immune complexes, which results in the generation, secretion, or repression of various pro-or anti-inflammatory substances (247, 248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256). In addition to modulation of cytokines by FcRs themselves, internalization of immune complexes via FcRs can result in the engagement of toll-like receptors, adding a further layer of complexity and control over inflammation (255,257,258,259,260).…”

Section: Other Antibody Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions of Antibodies

Forthal

2014

Microbiol Spectr

169

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Antibodies can impact pathogens in the presence or in the absence of effector cells or effector molecules such as complement, and experiments can often sort out with precision the mechanisms by which an antibody inhibits a pathogen in vitro. In addition, in vivo models, particularly those engineered to knock in or knock out effector cells or effector molecules, are excellent tools for understanding antibody functions. However, it is highly likely that multiple antibody functions occur simultaneously or sequentially in the presence of an infecting organism in vivo. The most critical incentive for measuring antibody functions is to provide a basis for vaccine development and for the development of therapeutic antibodies. In this respect, some functions, such as virus neutralization, serve to inhibit the acquisition of a pathogen or limit its pathogenesis. However, antibodies can also enhance replication or contribute to pathogenesis. This review emphasizes those antibody functions that are potentially beneficial to the host. In addition, this review will focus on the effects of antibodies on organisms themselves, rather than on the toxins the organisms may produce.

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“…Recently, several ITIM-encoding immunoregulatory receptors have been reported to also stimulate immune cell responses [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. For example, in humans, immune receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (IREM-1) contains ITIMs, recruits the phosphatase SHP-1, and downregulates immune cell responses [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that an ITIM-independent mechanism is responsible for FcγRIIB-mediated phagocytosis in mammals. FcγRIIB also appears to enhance the antiviral immune response of porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophages since engagement of this receptor upregulated IFN-α and TNF-α mRNA levels [27]. Overall, these findings have revealed functional plasticity among mammalian immunoregulatory receptor types, and in particular unexpected stimulatory functions for prototypical inhibitory receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Phagocytosis and Intracellular Signaling by an Inhibitory Channel Catfish Leukocyte Immune-Type Receptor: Evidence for Immunoregulatory Receptor Functional Plasticity in Teleosts

et al. 2014

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Immunoregulatory receptors are categorized as stimulatory or inhibitory based on their engagement of unique intracellular signaling networks. These proteins also display functional plasticity, which adds versatility to the control of innate immunity. Here we demonstrate that an inhibitory catfish leukocyte immune-type receptor (IpLITR) also displays stimulatory capabilities in a representative myeloid cell model. Previously, the receptor IpLITR 1.1b was shown to inhibit natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Here we expressed IpLITR 1.1b in rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells and monitored intracellular signaling and functional responses. Although IpLITR 1.1b did not stimulate cytokine secretion, activation of this receptor unexpectedly induced phagocytosis as well as extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2- and protein kinase B (Akt)-dependent signal transduction. This novel IpLITR 1.1b-mediated response was independent of an association with the FcRγ chain and was likely due to phosphotyrosine-dependent adaptors associating with prototypical signaling motifs within the distal region of its cytoplasmic tail. Furthermore, compared to a stimulatory IpLITR, IpLITR 1.1b displayed temporal differences in the induction of intracellular signaling, and IpLITR 1.1b-mediated phagocytosis had reduced sensitivity to EDTA and cytochalasin D. Overall, this is the first demonstration of functional plasticity for teleost LITRs, a process likely important for the fine-tuning of conserved innate defenses.

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Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB enhances levels of antiviral cytokine in response to PRRSV infection in vitro

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

Regulation and evasion of antiviral immune responses by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Regulation and evasion of antiviral immune responses by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Functions of Antibodies

Induction of Phagocytosis and Intracellular Signaling by an Inhibitory Channel Catfish Leukocyte Immune-Type Receptor: Evidence for Immunoregulatory Receptor Functional Plasticity in Teleosts

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