Ligand-free gold atom clusters adsorbed on graphene nano sheets generated by oxidative laser fragmentation in water

Quantification of mass-specific laser energy input converted into particle properties during picosecond pulsed laser fragmentation of zinc oxide and boron carbide in liquids

“…Further it is known that particle ripening and changes of the laser-generated nanoparticle colloids can occur within miliseconds [5] and even minutes up to days after fabrication. Recent publications indicate that significant amount of initially generated species dispersed in the free liquid are not only nanoparticles but even smaller atomclusters [6,7]. For PLAL usually a flat surface of the bulk target material is irradiated.…”

Size control and supporting of palladium nanoparticles made by laser ablation in saline solution as a facile route to heterogeneous catalysts

“…The pH value of the electrolyte plays an important role during the particle formation process, according to Rehbock et al who postulated a mechanism for the size quenching where a pH effect and specific ion interaction are involved [28]. Lau et al have shown that O 2 which is present in water is not sufficient to oxidize a gold nanoparticle surface during laser fragmentation and the addition of other oxidation agents is necessary for the fabrication of ultra-small particles [48]. Compared to gold, palladium has a higher oxidation tendency, which leads to higher oxidized species on its nanoparticle surface.…”

Perspective of Surfactant‐Free Colloidal Nanoparticles in Heterogeneous Catalysis

“…A well‐established post‐treatment method for broad size distributions is provided by LFL and depicted in Figure c. This technique is often applied to control the nanoparticle size and gain very narrow size distributions in scalable quantities and without further additives . In accordance to LAL, these fragmentation processes can be realized by re‐irradiation of nanoparticle colloids using short laser pulses (femtosecond to nanosecond pulses) with sufficient laser pulse energy and wavelength .…”

“…Depending on the applied laser pulse duration, wavelength and hence the absorption cross‐section of the irradiated nanoparticles, a size‐selective fragmentation of nanoparticles is achieved by choosing a suiting laser (pulse) intensity . In this way nanoparticle sizes down to≤2 nm can be generated under surfactant‐free conditions and subsequently deposited on support materials making them useful in many catalytic applications …”