Lift vs. drag based mechanisms for vertical force production in the smallest flying insects

Jones, Shannon; Laurenza, Ryan J.; Hedrick, Tyson L.; Griffith, Boyce E.; Miller, Laura A.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.07.035

Cited by 55 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…[25] and a phase lag when compared with Ref. [1]. These discrepancies are attributed to the differences in the numerical models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…These discrepancies are attributed to the differences in the numerical models. The numerical model considered here is a thin rigid plate, whereas the model in [25] is a rigid ellipse and the model in [1] is a thin flexible plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before performing the simulations of this work, the code is first validated by computing the aerodynamic force in the hovering flight of a dragonfly wing model [1,25]. The comparisons of the result with the reference solutions are detailed in Appendix A and the agreements are found to be satisfactory.…”

Section: B Flow and Dynamics Solversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To build an artificial flyer which is capable of hovering, it is natural to mimic the insects which are able to generate sufficient lift without a forward speed. Several different strategies have been observed in the hovering flights of insects [1]: the lift-based stroke in a horizontal plane (also termed the normal mode), the drag-based paddling stroke in a vertical plane, and the hybrid lift-and drag-based stroke in a tilted plane. Three mechanisms were found to be responsible for the generation of large lift: leading-edge vortex [2], wake capture [3], and rapid acceleration and fast pitching up [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Locomotion of a bioinspired flyer powered by one pair of pitching foils

Zhang

Wang

2018

Phys. Rev. Fluids

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We numerically investigate the flight dynamics and aerodynamics of a two-dimensional model for the jellyfishlike ornithopter recently devised by Ristroph and Childress [L. Ristroph and S. Childress, J. R. Soc. Interface 11, 20130992 (2014)]. This simplified model is composed of two rigid thin foils which are forced to pitch in antiphase fashion. The Navier-Stokes equations for the fluid and the dynamics equations for the flyer are solved together in the simulations. We first consider the constrained-flying condition where the flyer model is only allowed to move in the vertical direction. The influences of the control parameters on the hovering performance are studied. With the variations in parameter values, three different locomotion states, i.e., ascending, descending, and approximate hovering, are identified. The wake structures corresponding to these three locomotion states are explored. It is found that the approximate hovering state cannot persist due to the occurrence of wake symmetry breaking after long-time simulation. We then consider the free-flying condition where the motions in three degrees of freedom are allowed. We study the postural stability of a flyer, with its center of gravity located at the geometric center. The responses of the flyer at different locomotion states to physical and numerical perturbations are examined. Our results show that the ascending state is recoverable after the perturbation. The descending state is irrecoverable after the perturbation and a mixed fluttering and tumbling motion which resembles that of a falling card emerges. The approximate hovering state is also irrecoverable and it eventually transits to the ascending state after the perturbation. The research sheds light on the lift-producing mechanism and stability of the flyer and the results are helpful in guiding the design and optimization of the jellyfishlike flying machine.

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“…[25] and a phase lag when compared with Ref. [1]. These discrepancies are attributed to the differences in the numerical models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Flow and Dynamics Solversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Locomotion of a bioinspired flyer powered by one pair of pitching foils

Zhang

Wang

2018

Phys. Rev. Fluids

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“…The IB method has been successfully applied to a variety of problems in biological fluid dynamics with an intermediate Re f regime, i.e. 0.01 < Re f < 1000, including heart development [21], [22], insect flight [23], swimming [24], [25], and dating and relationships [26]. A fully parallelized implementation of the IB method with adaptive mesh refinement, IBAMR [27], was used for the simulations described here.…”

Section: B Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsing corals: A story of scale and mixing

Samson

Battista²,

Khatri³

et al. 2017

BIOMATH

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Abstract-Effective methods of fluid transport vary across scale. A commonly used dimensionless number for quantifying the effective scale of fluid transport is the frequency based Reynolds number, Re f , which gives the ratio of inertial to viscous forces in a fluid flow. What may work well for one Re f regime may not produce significant flows for another. These differences in scale have implications for many organisms, ranging from the mechanics of how organisms move through their fluid environment to how hearts pump at various stages in development. Some organisms, such as soft pulsing corals, actively contract their tentacles to generate mixing currents that enhance photosynthesis. Their unique morphology and the intermediate Re f regime at which they function, where both viscous and inertial forces are significant, make them a unique model organism for understanding fluid mixing. In this paper, 3D fluid-structure interaction simulations of a pulsing soft coral are used to quantify fluid transport and describe fluid mixing across a wide range of Re f . The results show that net transport is negligible for Re f < O(10

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Hybrid finite difference/finite element immersed boundary method

Griffith

Luo

2017

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

126

184

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SUMMARY The immersed boundary method is an approach to fluid-structure interaction that uses a Lagrangian description of the structural deformations, stresses, and forces along with an Eulerian description of the momentum, viscosity, and incompressibility of the fluid-structure system. The original immersed boundary methods described immersed elastic structures using systems of flexible fibers, and even now, most immersed boundary methods still require Lagrangian meshes that are finer than the Eulerian grid. This work introduces a coupling scheme for the immersed boundary method to link the Lagrangian and Eulerian variables that facilitates independent spatial discretizations for the structure and background grid. This approach employs a finite element discretization of the structure while retaining a finite difference scheme for the Eulerian variables. We apply this method to benchmark problems involving elastic, rigid, and actively contracting structures, including an idealized model of the left ventricle of the heart. Our tests include cases in which, for a fixed Eulerian grid spacing, coarser Lagrangian structural meshes yield discretization errors that are as much as several orders of magnitude smaller than errors obtained using finer structural meshes. The Lagrangian-Eulerian coupling approach developed in this work enables the effective use of these coarse structural meshes with the immersed boundary method. This work also contrasts two different weak forms of the equations, one of which is demonstrated to be more effective for the coarse structural discretizations facilitated by our coupling approach.

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Lift vs. drag based mechanisms for vertical force production in the smallest flying insects

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Locomotion of a bioinspired flyer powered by one pair of pitching foils

Locomotion of a bioinspired flyer powered by one pair of pitching foils

Pulsing corals: A story of scale and mixing

Hybrid finite difference/finite element immersed boundary method

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