Lifetime Prevalence, Demographic Risk Factors, and Diagnostic Validity of Nonaffective Psychosis as Assessed in a US Community Sample

Kendler, Kenneth S.; Gallagher, Timothy; Abelson, Jamie M.; Kessler, Ronald C.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830110060007

Cited by 618 publications

(447 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

405

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the general population, non-clinically trained interviewers have carried out structured interviews to identify psychotic disorders (Robins & Regier, 1991 ;Kendler et al 1996) and psychotic symptoms . If anything, even greater difficulties have been encountered with the identification of psychotic rather than neurotic disorders.…”

Section: Structured Diagnostic Interview Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If anything, even greater difficulties have been encountered with the identification of psychotic rather than neurotic disorders. Most recently, the diagnostic validity of a structured assessment of non-affective psychosis by non-clinically trained interviewers was assessed by clinician reinterviews and it was found that the diagnoses so obtained agreed very poorly with clinical diagnoses (Kendler et al 1996).…”

Section: Structured Diagnostic Interview Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The survey form of SCAN: the feasibility of using experienced lay survey interviewers to administer a semi-structured systematic clinical assessment of psychotic and non-psychotic disorders

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. The success of large scale surveys depends on well designed questionnaires and the skills of lay interviewers. Discrepancies in prevalence rates between epidemiological surveys and poor agreement between survey interviewer and clinician diagnostic interviews are giving rise to increasing concern among researchers, public health planners and policy developers. New approaches to information collection are called for. The feasibility of training experienced survey interviewers in semi-structured, clinical, diagnostic interviewing has never been investigated systematically across the range of neurotic and psychotic disorders. Methods. Eight experienced survey interviewers from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) were selected and underwent extended training in a Survey Form of SCAN (SCAN-SF). Sixty-four adults, including a majority of psychiatric in-patients were assessed by ONS interviewers and reinterviewed within a week by SCAN-trained clinicians. Feedback was sought from interviewers and trainers. Results. Trainers found lay interviewers coped at least as well with psychotic as with neurotic symptoms. Concordance for any disorder was 0n74 (95 % CI : 0n57 to 0n91) ; for any specific psychotic disorder 0n63 (0n40 to 0n86) ; for any specific neurotic disorder 0n63 (0n43 to 0n83). Sensitivity ranged from 0n6 to 0n9 and specificity from 0n8 to 0n9. There was no evidence of rater bias. Conclusions. These preliminary findings are very promising. However, before the SCAN-SF, administered by carefully trained lay interviewers, can be recommended in large scale surveys, further evaluations of its feasibility and reliability in the general population are needed.

show abstract

Section: Structured Diagnostic Interview Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structured Diagnostic Interview Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The survey form of SCAN: the feasibility of using experienced lay survey interviewers to administer a semi-structured systematic clinical assessment of psychotic and non-psychotic disorders

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) (Kessler et al, 1994;Kendler et al, 1996) reveals 45% of comorbidity between substance abuse and schizophrenia while more recent National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) (Kessler et al, 2005) reports 26.8% of lifetime comorbidity of non-affective psychosis with SUD. Furthermore, epidemiological investigations conducted outside United States support high prevalence of both substance abuse in psychotic disorders (Kavanagh et al, 2004;Addington and Addington, 2007) and SUD in schizophrenia (Fowler et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does substance use disorder affect clinical expression in first-hospitalization patients with schizophrenia? Analysis of a prospective cohort

Picci

Versino

Oliva

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction. Although several papers reported a wide range of negative outcomes among patients with both schizophrenia and SUD, only a few studies evaluated the impact of SUD on psychopathology and thus on the length of first-hospitalization. Objectives.To compare clinical expression of first-episode of schizophrenia between inpatients with and without SUD, giving close attention to the length of stay.Methods. 130 inpatients at first-episode of schizophrenia were assigned to SUD or not SUD group depending on SUD diagnosis and were assessed through BPRS at admission, during hospitalization and at discharge. Cross-sectional and longitudinal statistical analysis were performed to investigate differences between groups and also a linear regression was used to evaluate relationship between length of stay and BPRS scores.Results. During the hospitalization there was a more marked improvement of BPRS total score in patients without SUD with a lower length of hospitalization (P<0.001). BPRS score during hospitalization was predictor of higher length of stay.Discussion. The higher severity of psychopathology during the hospitalization suggest possible overlaps of substance induced and withdrawal symptoms. Conversely, higher levels of conceptual disorganization during the whole period of hospitalization also support a more severe and pharmacho-resistant expression of schizophrenia among SUD patients.

show abstract

“…In addition, several important mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and personality disorders, were not assessed in the WMH surveys because the interview would have been difficult due to the stigma associated with these disorders. Previous validation studies have shown that disorders such as psychotic disorders are overestimated in lay-administered interviews such as the CIDI [20]. An additional limitation is that the study was a descriptive epidemiological study, and we were therefore unable to clarify the causal relationship between mental disorders and suicide ideation in community residents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders and its relationship to suicidal ideation in a Japanese rural community with high suicide and alcohol consumption rates

Orui

Kawakami²,

Iwata

et al. 2011

Environ Health Prev Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The World Mental Health Survey Japan was conducted to address the current status of mental disorders in Japan. Among the various regions covered by the survey were Tendo City and Kaminoyama City in Yamagata Prefecture. The suicide and alcohol consumption rates in Yamagata are higher than the Japanese national average. Many studies have reported that major depressive disorder (MDD), alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and suicidal ideation are related to suicide risk. The prevalence of MDD, AUDs, and suicidal ideation, as well as the association between suicidal ideation and mental disorders must be investigated in order to implement mental health and suicide prevention measures in our community; however, only a few studies have addressed this issue. Methods The survey involved face-to-face interviews. The study population consisted of 1,684 adult residents, of which 770 (mean age 54.0 ± 17.4 years) who completed the interview process. Mental disorders were assessed using the World Mental Health version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results Among the study population, lifetime prevalence of MDD was 4.4%, which was similar to values reported in previous studies in Japan. Prevalence of AUDs, however, was 10.2%, which was higher those reported previously. We observed a significant association between suicidal ideation and MDD [odds ratio (OR) 7.6], our results showed precisely the opposite association between AUDs and suicidal ideation (OR 0.5, not significant) compared to previous studies. Conclusions Although prevalences of MDD and suicidal ideation were not high, this study revealed a high lifetime prevalence of AUDs and a negative association between suicidal ideation and AUDs.

show abstract

Lifetime Prevalence, Demographic Risk Factors, and Diagnostic Validity of Nonaffective Psychosis as Assessed in a US Community Sample

Cited by 618 publications

References 38 publications

The survey form of SCAN: the feasibility of using experienced lay survey interviewers to administer a semi-structured systematic clinical assessment of psychotic and non-psychotic disorders

The survey form of SCAN: the feasibility of using experienced lay survey interviewers to administer a semi-structured systematic clinical assessment of psychotic and non-psychotic disorders

Does substance use disorder affect clinical expression in first-hospitalization patients with schizophrenia? Analysis of a prospective cohort

Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders and its relationship to suicidal ideation in a Japanese rural community with high suicide and alcohol consumption rates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About