Lifetime Number of Partners As the Only Independent Risk Factor for Human Papillomavirus Infection

Karlsson, Roger; Jönsson, Malin; Edlund, Karin; Evander, Magnus; Gustavsson, Åke; Boden, E.; Rylander, Eva; Wadell, Göran

doi:10.1097/00007435-199503000-00008

Cited by 111 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…Entre as adolescentes cujo companheiro é usuário de condom, houve menor incidência de infecção por HPV, sendo o mesmo resultado obtido por Karlsson et al 23 . A perpetuação da infecção pode ser reduzida com o uso consistente e apropriado, particularmente se as lesões estiverem dentro da proteção do látex 24 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano em Adolescentes: Relação com o Método Anticoncepcional, Gravidez, Fumo e Achados Citológicos

Murta¹,

Souza²,

Adad³

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

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Independentemente da faixa etária, fatores relacionados à maior freqüência de infecção pelo HPV, como a gravidez, hábito de fumar, método anticoncepcional e infecções genitais, têm sido estudados. Alguns autores demonstraram maior incidência de infecção por HPV em gestantes, sugerindo ser a gestação um fator de risco independente para infecção por HPV [3][4][5] . No entanto, outros autores descrevem incidência igual ou menor em mulheres gestantes em relação às não-gestantes [6][7][8] . Em relação aos métodos contraceptivos, o uso de anticoncepcional oral (ACO) parece ser um fator de risco isolado para aumentar a incidência de infecção por HPV. Este aumento é explicado por alterações hormonais que levariam a imunomodulação 9 com maior susceptibilidade à

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano em Adolescentes: Relação com o Método Anticoncepcional, Gravidez, Fumo e Achados Citológicos

Murta¹,

Souza²,

Adad³

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

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“…Clinical and subclinical HPV infection is the most common STI today, with asymptomatic cervical HPV infection detectable in 5-40% of women of reproductive age [8,11,12], and an estimated lifetime risk of infection with any genital HPV strain of 50-80%. Prevalence of HPV DNA (a measure of HPV exposure at a given time point) and HPV seroprevalence (a measure of cumulative HPV exposure) are strongly associated with number of lifetime and recent sexual partners [13][14][15][16]. Women tend to become HPV positive soon after initiation of sexual activity [11,17].…”

Section: What Causes Cervical Cancer ? Human Papillomavirus (Hpv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for cervical cancer

Lowndes¹

2006

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYThis review focuses on current and future prevention of invasive cervical cancer (ICC), the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Implementation of population-based cytological screening programmes, using the 'Pap ' smear to detect pre-cancerous lesions in the cervix, has resulted in substantial declines in mortality and morbidity from ICC in North America and some European countries. However, cases of, and deaths from, ICC continue to occur. Primary prevention of infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, the central causal factor of ICC, could further reduce incidence of and mortality from ICC. This is particularly the case in developing countries, which bear 80% of the burden of ICC, and where effective Pap screening programmes are extremely difficult to implement. Very promising results from several trials of synthetic HPV type-specific monovalent (HPV 16) and bivalent (HPV 16 and 18) vaccines have recently been published, showing high efficacy against type-specific persistent HPV infection and development of type-specific pre-cancerous lesions. Large-scale phase III trials of a number of such vaccine candidates are currently underway, and there is real hope that an effective vaccine capable of protecting against infection with HPV types 16 and 18 (which together account for y70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide), and thereby of preventing development of a very significant proportion of cases of ICC, could be available within the next 2 years.

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“…After the Pap smear, exfoliated cervicovaginal cells were obtained by lavage for HPV determination. 28 Samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction for the following HPV types: 2,6,11,13,16,18,26,[31][32][33][34][35]39,40,42,45,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] 61, 62, 64,[66][67][68][69][70] 72, 73 (PAP238A), 81 (AE7), 82 (W13B), 83 (PAP291), 85 (PAP155), AE2, AE6, and AE8. Samples were tested by Southern blot hybridization using 32 P-labeled HPV DNA types 11, 16, 18, 51, 52, and 53.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have demonstrated that sexual risk behaviors are associated with HPV infection, particularly with high oncogenic risk types. These behaviors include multiple 14,15,[32][33][34][35] Other risk behaviors that have been associated with HPV infection include smoking and alcohol use. 14,15 Black race has also been associated with HPV infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mediators of the Association Between Age of First Sexual Intercourse and Subsequent Human Papillomavirus Infection

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT.Objective. Previous studies have demonstrated that early age of first sexual intercourse is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The objective of this study was to identify a set of risk behaviors and partner characteristics that mediate the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent HPV infection in adolescent and young adult women.Methods. Female university students completed surveys and underwent HPV testing every 6 months for up to 3 years. HPV-positive participants were matched to HPV-negative participants (252 pairs, total N ‫؍‬ 504). Associations were examined between risk behaviors/partner characteristics and both age of first sexual intercourse and HPV infection. Those variables associated with either age of first sexual intercourse or HPV infection were entered into a generalized estimating equation (to account for the matched study design) modeling the association between age of first sexual intercourse and HPV infection.Results. Mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.7 (؎1.8) years, and early age of first sexual intercourse was associated significantly with HPV infection (␤ ‫؍‬ ؊0.20; odds ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.74 -0.90). The association was mediated by number of sexual partners in the past 6 months, history of sexually transmitted infection, alcohol and drug use related to sexual behaviors, and partner's number of sexual partners.Conclusion. A set of behavioral risk factors and partner characteristics partially mediate the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent HPV infection. Pediatrics 2002;109(1). URL: http://www. pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/109/1/e5; human papillomavirus, sexual intercourse, adolescent, risk behaviors, mediator.ABBREVIATIONS. HPV, human papillomavirus; STI, sexually transmitted infection; GEE, generalized estimating equation. G enital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the United States, with a prevalence of approximately 50% in sexually active adolescent and young adult women. 1,2 Infection with certain HPV types, particularly types 6 and 11, is associated with the development of anogenital warts, which has a prevalence of approximately 2% in sexually active men and women. 3 HPV infection with high-risk oncogenic types, such as 16, 18, 31, and 45, may progress from infection to cervical dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive cervical cancer. 4 -8 Although HPV infection is frequently transient in adolescent and young adult women and the natural history of HPV infection and cytologic abnormalities is still being defined, 9 this population has a relatively high incidence of abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. Mount and Papillo 10 reported that the incidence of Pap smears with squamous intraepithelial lesion was higher in adolescents 10 to 19 years of age than in adult women, and other investigators 11,12 have proposed that the prevalence of abnormal Pap smears and cervical dysplasia is increasing worldwide in y...

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Lifetime Number of Partners As the Only Independent Risk Factor for Human Papillomavirus Infection

Cited by 111 publications

References 0 publications

Infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano em Adolescentes: Relação com o Método Anticoncepcional, Gravidez, Fumo e Achados Citológicos

Infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano em Adolescentes: Relação com o Método Anticoncepcional, Gravidez, Fumo e Achados Citológicos

Vaccines for cervical cancer

Mediators of the Association Between Age of First Sexual Intercourse and Subsequent Human Papillomavirus Infection

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