Lifetime Incidence Risk of Alopecia Areata Estimated at 2.1% by Rochester Epidemiology Project, 1990–2009

Mirzoyev, Sultan A.; Schrum, Adam G.; Davis, Mark D.P.; Torgerson, Rochelle R.

doi:10.1038/jid.2013.464

Cited by 264 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring condition which manifests itself in recurrent patchy or even complete inflammatory-caused hair loss of the scalp (alopecia totalis) or the entire body (alopecia universalis) [2]. It afflicts up to 1% of all dermatologic patients, which correspond to a life-time risk of up to 2% of the general population, children and adults [3]. Besides this high prevalence condition, there exists a plethora of scarring alopecias, like the Lichen planopilaris (LPP) or frontal, fibrosing alopecia (FFA), which can also cause permanent scalp hair loss resulting in significant patient discomfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarriers for optimizing the balance between interfollicular permeation and follicular uptake of topically applied clobetasol to minimize adverse effects

Mathes

Melero

Conrad

et al. 2016

Journal of Controlled Release

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The treatment of various hair disorders has become a central focus of good dermatologic patient care as it affects men and women all over the world. For many inflammatory-based scalp diseases, glucocorticoids are an essential part of treatment, even though they are known to cause systemic as well as local adverse effects when applied topically. Therefore, efficient targeting and avoidance of these side effects are of utmost importance. Optimizing the balance between drug release, interfollicular permeation, and follicular uptake may allow minimizing these adverse events and simultaneously improve drug delivery, given that one succeeds in targeting a sustained release formulation to the hair follicle. To test this hypothesis, three types of polymeric nanocarriers (nanospheres, nanocapsules, lipid-core nanocapsules) for the potent glucocorticoid Clobetasol propionate (CP) were prepared. They all exhibited a sustained release of drug, as was desired. The particles were formulated as a dispersion and hydrogel and (partially) labeled with Rhodamin B for quantification purposes. Follicular uptake was investigated using the Differential Stripping method and was found highest for nanocapsules in dispersion after application of massage. Moreover, the active ingredient (CP) as well as the nanocarrier (Rhodamin B labeled polymer) recovered in the hair follicle were measured simultaneously, revealing an equivalent uptake of both. In contrast, only negligible amounts of CP could be detected in the hair follicle when applied as free drug in solution or hydrogel, regardless of any massage. Skin permeation experiments using heat-separated human epidermis mounted in Franz Diffusion cells revealed equivalent reduced transdermal permeability for all nanocarriers in comparison to application of the free drug. Combining these results, nanocapsules formulated as an aqueous dispersion and applied by massage appeared to be a good candidate to maximize follicular targeting and minimize drug penetration into the interfollicular epidermis. We conclude that such nanotechnology-based formulations provide a viable strategy for more efficient -2-drug delivery to the hair follicle. Moreover, they present a way to minimize adverse effects of potent glucocorticoids by releasing the drug in a controlled manner and simultaneously decreasing interfollicular permeation, offering an advantage over conventional formulations for inflammatorybased skin/scalp diseases. Graphical Abstract AbbreviationsAA: Alopecia areata ANOVA: Analysis of variance CCT: capric/caprylic triglyceride CP: Clobetasol propionate

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarriers for optimizing the balance between interfollicular permeation and follicular uptake of topically applied clobetasol to minimize adverse effects

Mathes

Melero

Conrad

et al. 2016

Journal of Controlled Release

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“…It is a long-lasting inflammatory disease that involves the hair follicles and the nails [1, 2]. It affects about 0.1–0.2% of the general population and can occur in both sexes and at all ages [3, 4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

2018

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Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder characterized by patchy hair loss. There are many treatments available for AA. However, treatments of severe forms of AA are not satisfactory. Recently, oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors were found to be effective for the treatment of severe AA variants. Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the efficacy, side effects, and durability of two oral JAK inhibitor medications (ruxolitinib and tofacitinib) in the treatment of severe AA. Methods: This study included 75 patients with AA with more than 30% scalp hair loss, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis randomized into 2 groups. The first group (n = 38) received ruxolitinib 20 mg twice daily, and the second group (n = 37) received oral tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily. The treatment continued for 6 months followed by 3 months of follow-up off therapy. Efficacy of treatment was assessed by monitoring the change in the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. Results: Both tofacitinib and ruxolitinib induced remarkable hair regrowth, with a mean change in SALT score of 93.8 ± 3.25 in the ruxolitinib group and 95.2 ± 2.69 in the tofacitinib group. However, the ruxolitinib group showed a shorter duration for initial hair regrowth. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding hair regrowth at the end of the 6-month treatment and relapse rate at the end of the 3-month follow-up. Around two thirds of cases experienced relapse. Both drugs were well tolerated, with no reported serious adverse effects. Conclusion: Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib could be considered effective and well-tolerated treatments for extensive AA.

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“…Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition of hair loss and its prevalence is about 2% in lifetime [11]. The cases can be diagnosed by well-surrounded patches of hair loss without scarring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia associated with agomelatine use: a case report

Gündoğmuş¹,

İspir²,

Karagöz³

et al. 2017

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Drug-induced alopecia, characterized by non-scarring hair loss of scalp and body, is a rare side effect of psychotropic drugs. It has previously been reported with the different antidepressant medications, but has not been described with agomelatine. Agomelatine is an antidepressant with a novel mechanism of action and fewer side effects. Here, we report a 31-year-old male patient with diffuse hair loss induced by agomelatine use and improved by discontinuation the drug. Because antidepressant-induced hair loss is relatively rare, many clinicians may not pay attention for this side effect. As far as we know, this is the first published case report of alopecia associated with agomelatine. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Lifetime Incidence Risk of Alopecia Areata Estimated at 2.1% by Rochester Epidemiology Project, 1990–2009

Cited by 264 publications

References 15 publications

Nanocarriers for optimizing the balance between interfollicular permeation and follicular uptake of topically applied clobetasol to minimize adverse effects

Nanocarriers for optimizing the balance between interfollicular permeation and follicular uptake of topically applied clobetasol to minimize adverse effects

Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

Alopecia associated with agomelatine use: a case report

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