Lifetime Analysis of Titanium Neutral and Singly-Ionized Species in LIBS’s Plasmas: A Physical Chemistry Experiment

Roche, Alexander M.; Shoup, David

doi:10.12691/wjce-5-6-2

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Under these conditions, every process occurring in plasma is exactly balanced by the reverse process according to the 'Principle of detailed balance', allowing the characterization of equilibrium condition by a single temperature [32]. continuum decays faster than the emission lines [27], the emission signals become more prominent and subsequently, the signal intensity increases to a maximum at 0.8-1 µs. Following this, a decreasing trend is observed in each case, attributed to ongoing plasma processes like recombination as well as radiative decay [28].…”

Section: Local Thermodynamic Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Delving into the time dependent properties of thorium laser induced plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Banerjee,

Mohan,

Sarkar

2024

J Opt

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) presents a promising avenue for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. This technique utilizes emission spectral study from laser-induced plasma (LIP) generated due to ablation of samples from surfaces. From the point of view of understanding plasma physics, this study delves into the parametric analysis of Laser-induced plasma of Thorium, which is a key element in India’s pioneering three stage power program. Following optimization of experimental parameters like acquisition delay and number of laser shots, key plasma parameters such as Temperature and Electron density of the plasma were computed. For description of LIP, ‘Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium’ (LTE) model is widely used. The model’s validity was meticulously scrutinized in entire temporal region of analysis. Furthermore, investigations into the impact of laser parameters like irradiance, revealed changes in magnitude of plasma parameters along with their evolution pattern and it was concluded that the temporal holding region of LTE strongly depends upon the laser parameters. Next, temporal evolution study of the peak broadening within the plasma revealed the importance of optimization of the experimental parameters, and differences between the decay trends of ionic and atomic lines were clarified. In addition, experiments were carried out exploring the influence of different ambient atmospheres (Air, He, and Ar) on spectral intensity and plasma lifetime, both of which were found to have the order Ar > Air > He. This provided crucial insights into the plasma-atmosphere interaction, which was also manifested by the different rates of decay trend of plasma parameters. In summary, this complete study offers a valuable tool for diagnosing the plasma properties of complex sample matrices like Thorium, thereby advancing our understanding of LIBS applications a step forward.

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Section: Local Thermodynamic Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Delving into the time dependent properties of thorium laser induced plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Banerjee,

Mohan,

Sarkar

2024

J Opt

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The role of laser fluence and ambient environments on femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and on surface morphology of Mg and Zr

Hayat

Bashir

Strickland

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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The effects of laser fluence and ambient environments on plasma parameters and on surface modifications of femtosecond laser irradiated Mg and Zr have been investigated. A Ti:Sapphire laser (800 nm, 35 fs) was employed to irradiate the metallic targets under vacuum and Ar environments at various fluences. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy analyses reveal that the optical emission spectra, excitation temperature (Te), and electron number density (ne) of metallic plasmas exhibit increasing trend with increasing fluence irrespective of the target under both the environments. This increasing tendency is because of the enhanced ablation rate with the increase in the fluence. However, the values of these parameters are significantly higher in the presence of Ar as compared to that of vacuum, which is attributable to confinement effects offered by the gas. The plasma parameters, Te and ne, have higher values in the case of Zr under both environments (vacuum and Ar) due to its higher melting point and lower thermal conductivity as compared to Mg. Field emission SEM analyses for both of the metals irradiated under vacuum exhibit a non-uniform distribution of nanoglobules, nanocones, and micrometer-sized cavities in the case of irradiated Mg, whereas for Zr, there is growth of laser induced periodic surface structures along with the formation of a deep crater. When both the metals were irradiated in Ar, a significant difference in surface morphologies of both Mg and Zr has been observed. In the case of Mg, SEM discloses the formation of micro-inhomogeneities and micrometer-sized cones covered with nanoglobules, whereas for Zr, high-spatial-frequency laser induced periodic surface structures covered with nanoroughness and micro-columns have been detected. In the present work, by exploring the optimum conditions in terms of laser fluence, environmental conditions, and material response, a correlation has been established between the calculated plasma parameters and observed micro- and nanostructures for both of the metals. This established correlation will enable us to better understand the plasma to be utilized for ion-implantation, thin film deposition, and surface structuring in a more effective manner.

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Lifetime Analysis of Titanium Neutral and Singly-Ionized Species in LIBS’s Plasmas: A Physical Chemistry Experiment

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Delving into the time dependent properties of thorium laser induced plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

Delving into the time dependent properties of thorium laser induced plasma by optical emission spectroscopy

The role of laser fluence and ambient environments on femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and on surface morphology of Mg and Zr

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