Lifestyle factors and high body mass index are associated with different multimorbidity clusters in the Brazilian population

Abstract

Multimorbidity patterns of a population can be influenced by socioeconomic and lifestyle-related factors. Some of these factors are preventable when healthy habits are promoted to the population. This study analyzed the main grouping patterns of chronic diseases and the relationship with socioeconomic and lifestyle-related factors of the Brazilian population (over the age of 18), based on a population-based survey (2013 National Health Survey). A total of 60,202 participants were included. Cluster analysis was carried out to identify the combinations of chronic diseases. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to verify the relationship between disease clusters and independent variables, utilizing Poisson's regression with robust variance, considering a 95% confidence interval. Cluster analysis revealed four disease clusters:cardiometabolic diseases/cancer, mental/occupational diseases, musculoskeletal diseases and respiratory diseases, all significantly associated with the female gender, current/past smoking habits and overweight/obesity in multivariate analyses. These aspects must be considered when planning health services and developing strategies and guidelines for the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic conditions.

Multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in Brazilian rural workers

“…Regarding gender, considering that in rural areas there is limited access to health services [54], there may have been under-reporting in the diagnosis of chronic diseases, especially among women, who generally use health services more often than men. This may have led to a reduction in self-reported disease among women and consequently the absence of statistical association between genders.…”

“…In obese patients, the odds increased to 54%, 81% and 124% for categories I, II and III, respectively [60]. Similarly, different disease patterns identified in the Brazilian population were also associated with obesity [54]. In low- and middle-income countries, the prevalence of multimorbidity increased 5.78 fold in obese individuals when compared to those of normal weight [61].…”

Multimorbidade e uso de serviços de saúde em indivíduos com restrição de atividades habituais: Estudo Pró-Saúde

“…Nesse contexto, a multimorbidade, definida como a ocorrência de duas ou mais doenças em um mesmo indivíduo, tem sido objeto de crescente interesse 5,6,7,8,9,10,11 . Considerando a sua prevalência, gravidade, impacto na qualidade de vida e a possibilidade de manejo, a multimorbidade tem se tornado uma prioridade para a saúde pública 12 .…”

Multimorbidade em idosos de um município do nordeste brasileiro: prevalência e fatores associados

“…Estudo conduzido no Brasil estratificou as multimorbidades por grupamento de doenças crônicas (cardiometabólicos, ocupacionais/ mental, musculoesquelético e respiratório), descrevendo os fatores de risco relacionados ao estilo de vida. No estrato cardiometabólico, os autores identificaram menor prevalência de multimorbidade relacionada aos idosos ativos fisicamente e maiores prevalências nos que não fa-ziam uso de álcool, divergindo do presente estudo (40). O estudo supracitado realizou a análise estratificada por aglomerados de doenças crônicas e os autores buscaram averiguar prevalências e associações com o estilo de vida dos pesquisados, o que permitiu fazer comparações com cautela, já que a metodologia para análise foi distinta, dificultando a comparabilidade dos dados (40).…”