LIFESPAN PSYCHOLOGY: Theory and Application to Intellectual Functioning

Baltes, Paul B.; Staudinger, Ursula M.; Lindenberger, Ulman

doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.471

Cited by 1,025 publications

(870 citation statements)

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“…Previous research has suggested that an individual's approach to life circumstances alters with age [7,17,18], and this is largely supported here. Within the LBC1921, the number of predictors for each of the QoL measures is lower than within the LBC1936.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…There has been a paucity of research amongst older age groups; those investigating older old age have suggested an accelerated decline in QoL [14], possibly due to a reduction in cognitive resources available for compensatory strategies [15]. Baltes and colleagues applied a lifespan approach to ageing, suggesting that well-being and QoL are maintained through the adaptive psychological processes of selection, optimisation and compensation [16] but that accelerating functional decline in old-old age pushes the limits of adaptive psychological capacity, resulting in lower subjective well-being [17]. This was reflected in the distinct psychological profiles observed in the oldest participants within their own study [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial factors and health as determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

et al. 2011

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Abstract:Purpose It is important to understand the determinants of differences in quality of life in old age, and to include a wide range of possible predictors. The present study investigated the determinants of quality of life in two groups of older adults for whom there was an unusually informative set of possible predictor variables. Results Linear regression analyses revealed that HADS depression had the greatest influence on quality of life. Personality traits, most notably Emotional Stability, also predicted quality of life to varying degrees, along with factors reflecting current life circumstances. There were differences between the two cohorts in the variables which predicted quality of life. There were different, conceptually relevant, contributions to the different QoL facets. MethodConclusions Personality traits and minor depressive symptoms have an important influence on selfreported quality of life in old age. Quality of life may be influenced more by current than past circumstances, and this relationship may change with age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial factors and health as determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

et al. 2011

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“…Böttger et al, 2002;Csibra et al, 2000;Yordanova et al, 2000Yordanova et al, , 2002, for examples the of the few gamma-band studies with developmental or aging samples). Therefore, the current study adopts a lifespan perspective (Baltes et al, 1977(Baltes et al, , 1999Craik and Bialystok, 2006), which assumes that development at neuronal and cognitive levels proceeds through interacting influences of maturation, past experience, learning, and senescence (Baltes et al, 2006;Lindenberger et al, 2007). A direct comparison of children, younger, and older adults while performing simple visual discrimination would provide the opportunity for uncovering mechanisms of neuronal communication by taking into account how the assumed mechanisms (i.e., temporal synchronization patterns) may change across different life periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG gamma-band synchronization in visual coding from childhood to old age: Evidence from evoked power and inter-trial phase locking

Werkle‐Bergner

Shing

Müller

et al. 2009

Clinical Neurophysiology

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a b s t r a c tObjective: To investigate lifespan age differences in neuronal mechanisms of visual coding in the context of perceptual discrimination. Methods: We recorded EEG from 17 children (10-12 years), 16 younger adults (20-26 years), and 17 older adults (70-76 years) during a simple choice-reaction task requiring discrimination of squares and circles of different sizes. We examined age-group differences in the effect of stimulus size on early ERP components, evoked gamma-band power, and inter-trial phase-stability in the gamma band as assessed by the phase-locking index (PLI). Results: In the absence of age differences in discrimination accuracy, we observed reliable age differences in patterns of ERP, evoked gamma power, and PLI. P1 and N1 peak amplitudes were larger and the peak latencies longer in children than in adults. Children also showed lower levels of evoked power and PLI than adults. Older adults showed smaller increments in evoked power with increasing stimulus size than younger adults, but similar amounts of phase locking for small-and medium-sized stimuli as younger adults. Conclusions: The relative importance of different coding mechanisms in early visual areas changes from childhood to old age. Due to synaptic overproduction and immature myelination, the visual system of children is less entrained by incoming information, resulting in less synchronized neuronal responses. Adults primarily rely on sparse representations formed through experience-dependent temporally synchronized neuronal interactions. In old age, senescent decline in neuronal density and neurotransmitter availability further increase the reliance on temporally synchronized processing. Significance: Findings from this study defy the notion that sensory aging consists in a reversal of sensory development in childhood, and point to a high degree of age specificity in mechanisms of visual coding.

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“…It is well documented that sensory and sensorimotor abilities decline in the course of normative aging [54,57]. As well, extensive coverage of the normative age-related differences, changes, and continuities in cognitive and intellectual abilities is widely available [10,21]. Rather than reviewing these bodies of literature, we will focus selectively on empirical and theoretical work that has addressed the linkages between these domains with respect to adult development.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relations between aging sensory/sensorimotor and cognitive functions

Li¹,

Lindenberger²

2002

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Recent evidence is reviewed to examine relations among sensory, sensorimotor, and cognitive aging. Age-heterogeneous cross-sectional data sets show substantial covariation among sensory, sensorimotor and intellectual abilities, and an increase in covariation from adulthood to old and very old age. Recent longitudinal analyses suggest that changes in sensory and intellectual functioning are interrelated. Experimental studies investigate the interdependence between cognitive and sensory/sensorimotor aging by examining the effects of simulated sensory loss on cognitive performance, or the effects of cognitive load manipulations on sensory or motor performance. Generally, both types of manipulations hinder older adults' performance more than that of younger adults. Theoretically, the age-associated intensification of the links among sensory, sensorimotor and cognitive functions observed both correlationally and experimentally may point to (a) common causes influencing all three functions; (b) an increase in resource overlap, cross-domain resource competition, and compensatory tradeoffs; and (c) a combination of the two. Future research aiming at discerning the relative import of these possibilities would profit from an integration of experimental and correlational research strategies. q 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. In this paper, we review evidence for the hypothesized increase of covariation or interdependence between sensory/sensorimotor and cognitive abilities with advancing age. It is well documented that sensory and sensorimotor abilities decline in the course of normative aging [54,57]. As well, extensive coverage of the normative age-related differences, changes, and continuities in cognitive and intellectual abilities is widely available [10,21]. Rather than reviewing these bodies of literature, we will focus selectively on empirical and theoretical work that has addressed the linkages between these domains with respect to adult development. The relevant evidence can be divided into two broad segments: (a) correlational evidence using crosssectional and longitudinal analyses, and (b) experimental evidence of an increased interdependence between domains. The final portion of our review will be devoted to discussing possible theoretical accounts of the documented relationships. Correlations between sensory, sensorimotor, and cognitive abilitiesObserved relationships between intellectual and sensory functioning have been discussed at length in the past several decades [12,54]. More recently, lifespan developmentalist Paul Baltes proposed that whereas before and during middle adulthood, interindividual variability in cognitive status is driven largely by cultural and environmental factors, in late life, variability might be increasingly constrained by biologically-based factors [7]. Subsequent to this proposal, several large-scale cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have examined the age-related changes in relationship between intellectual and sensory/sensorimotor abilities [3 -6,...

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LIFESPAN PSYCHOLOGY: Theory and Application to Intellectual Functioning

Cited by 1,025 publications

References 170 publications

Psychosocial factors and health as determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

Psychosocial factors and health as determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

EEG gamma-band synchronization in visual coding from childhood to old age: Evidence from evoked power and inter-trial phase locking

Relations between aging sensory/sensorimotor and cognitive functions

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