Lifespan data on postural balance in multiple standing positions

Riis, Johannes; Eika, Fredrik; Blomkvist, Andreas Wahl; Rahbek, Martin Torp; Eikhof, Karin Dam; Hansen, Mette Duus; Søndergaard, Malene; Ryg, Jesper; Andersen, Stig; Jørgensen, Martin Grønbech

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.11.004

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, the graded balance assessment, which included different levels of physical and cognitive challenges, was sensitive to the type of postural stability measures and was stronger in COP complexity and might not be effective to be used for COP variability in the ML direction. The stability-task difficulty relationship was also reported in previous studies, but the range of tasks was very limited (Riis et al, 2020;Ruffieux et al, 2015). In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a graded assessment system for balance testing that was sensitive to the age differences and the postural adaptive strategies such as variability and complexity.…”

Section: The Graded Balance Assessment Is Sensitive To the Postural Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Previous studies have also shown that the age differences were related to the type of stability tasks (Condron et al, 2002;Schaefer et al, 2008). For example, older adults above age 72.5 years, relative to younger age groups, had difficulty to control their balance when the task difficulty was increased from two-leg to one-leg stand (Riis et al, 2020). In addition, the age group difference was apparent in the dual-task condition relative to the simpletask condition (Ruffieux et al, 2015).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In Balance Are Specific To the Task Difficultymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Despite different ways to measure the postural adaptations to the difficulty of the stability tasks through postural sway, variability and complexity, there is not any classification system on the task difficulty that is sensitive to different age groups. For example, in a study on the postural stability in different age groups (20-80 + years), it was shown that by increasing the task difficulty from two-leg to one-leg stand, the age in which the 50% of participants could complete the task successfully and stand for 30 s was 72.5 years (Riis et al, 2020). Another hypothetical relationship between postural stability and task difficulty was the U-shaped pattern between age groups and dual-tasking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of age and task difficulty on postural sway, variability and complexity

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to examine the effects of age and the task difficulty on postural sway, variability and complexity. The participants were 90 able-bodied individuals including children ( n = 39; age: 5.89 ± 0.94 years), young adults ( n = 30; age: 23.23 ± 1.61 years) and older adults ( n = 21; age: 64.59 ± 5.24 years) who took part in different balance tasks that had different levels of cognitive and physical challenges. The main dependent variables were postural sway area, postural variability and postural complexity. The participants stood on a standard force plate for 10 s in each task condition, and the centre of pressure displacement was collected at 100-Hz sampling frequency. The results of this study showed that children and older adults, in the more difficult tasks, had greater sway area and complexity and less postural variability. In addition, there was a linear trend in the stability measures as the difficulty of the task was increased. In conclusion, special populations, such as children and older adults, were more sensitive to the balance changes and used active control mechanisms to minimise the risk of losing balance in more challenging conditions.

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Section: The Graded Balance Assessment Is Sensitive To the Postural Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Age-related Changes In Balance Are Specific To the Task Difficultymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of age and task difficulty on postural sway, variability and complexity

et al. 2020

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“…While a study based on a Turkish sample showed men had significantly better balance performance in comparison to women on functional reach test, the timed up and go test, the sit to stand test, and the step test in participants aged 50 to 75 years old [ 10 ]. And a study based on Danish population showed the elderly men performed worse than the elderly women in static balance [ 11 ]. A study in Finnish population elucidated effects of age, gender and their interactions on postural balance with various tests, confirmed properties of age and gender dependency [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of balance performance in the Chinese elderly by age and gender

Wei

Miao

et al. 2021

BMC Geriatr

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Background Population aging has been an emerging public and health concern globally. Balance performance can be applied as an indicator of functional status and a predictor of health outcomes in the elderly. However, reference data of balance performance in the elderly generated from large scale studies have been very limited. In research and geriatric assessment settings, the age and gender specific data on balance performance are indispensable prerequisites for identifying subpopulation with and at risk of impairments and subsequently implementing targeted interventions in clinics and public health to improve their balance performance. Methods A total of 1984 elderly subjects aged 60 to 97 years from community settings in urban China were investigated. The balance performances together with 3 individual domains and 16 items were evaluated using the X16 balance testing scale. Results In the elderly, with age increases each item, individual domain, and overall balance performance scores decreased gradually. Meanwhile, individual variations of individual domains and overall balance performance were all increased over age. Relative to levels of 60- years, postural stability and overall balance performance decreased significantly since 65 years old, static balance and dynamic balance capacities started to decrease significantly since 70 years old. There was no significant difference in each balance domain and overall balance performance between men and women. Across age groups, portions of individuals able to perform task 4, 8 and 11 successfully were the lowest amongst their corresponding domains static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, respectively. Similar patterns were observed in both men and women. Balance performances were categorized into poor, fair, and good groups with scores of 0 to 10, 11 to 17, and 18 to 20, respectively. With increases of age, proportions with poor and fair balance capacities elevated stably. Conclusions In the elderly, with advances in age, abilities of overall balance performance, individual domains of static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, and successful performances on specific tasks declined gradually and stably. The deterioration started to be obvious since 65–75 years. Men and women had similar patterns.

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“…In this study, the patients were mostly men, with approximately half as many women as men. Previously, it has been revealed that there is a sex difference in the effect of ageing on postural control ( 35 , 36 ). For example, at age 50–75 years, women performed significantly worse on the Functional Reach Test, the Timed-Up-and-Go test, and the Sit-to-Stand Test than men ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Balance Evaluation Systems Test sections best distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status?

Miyata

Hasegawa²,

Iwamoto³

et al. 2021

J Rehabil Med

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Objective To determine which sections of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status and to establish their cut-off scores. Design A retrospective cross-sectional study. Subjects and methods The BESTest was administered to 87 stroke patients who were able to walk without physical assistance upon discharge from the hospital. Subjects were divided into 3 functional walking status groups: namely, household ambulators, limited community ambulators, and unlimited community ambulators. The receiver operating characteristic curve was determined and the cut-off score and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of each section calculated. Results In the comparison of household and limited community ambulators, the accuracies of all BESTest sections were moderate (AUROC>0.7), and the cut-off scores were 36.1–78.6%. In the comparison of limited and unlimited community ambulators, one section (stability in gait) had high accuracy (AUROC=0.908, cut-off scores=73.8%) and 3 sections (biomechanical constraints, anticipatory postural adjustments, and postural response) had moderate accuracy (AUROC=0.812–0.834, cut-off scores=75.0–83.4%). Conclusion This study demonstrated that different sections of the BESTest had different abilities to discriminate levels of post-stroke functional walking status, and identified cut-off values for targeted improvement. LAY ABSTRACT The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), a clinical postural control measure, categorizes postural control systems in 6 different sections. This study investigated which sections of the BESTest distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status, which, in turn, is based on walking speed. Among the slower walkers, all sections of the BESTest showed moderate relationships to categories of walking status. Among the faster walkers, 4 sections showed moderate to strong relationships and 2 sections showed weak relationships. This study may have clinical implications for rehabilitation aimed at improving functional walking status in individuals with stroke. These findings will help rehabilitation professionals assess postural control in relation to stroke patients’ ability to walk in different settings (e.g. their household or the community) and determine which postural control systems should be prioritized in therapeutic interventions.

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Lifespan data on postural balance in multiple standing positions

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of age and task difficulty on postural sway, variability and complexity

Effects of age and task difficulty on postural sway, variability and complexity

Characteristics of balance performance in the Chinese elderly by age and gender

Which Balance Evaluation Systems Test sections best distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status?

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