Lifelong protection against hepatitis B: the role of vaccine immunogenicity in immune memory

Banatvala, J. E.; Damme, Pierre Van; Oehen, Stephan

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00224-3

Cited by 187 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…27,29,30 in offspring of carrier mothers, the proportion of individuals with anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml was more than twice as high compared with noncarrier mothers, whereas maternal carrier status was not related to the booster response. natural boosting by close contact to the carrier mother during infancy is believed to be instrumental.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…17 We, therefore, focused our study on the duration of protection after infant immunization. although quite a number of studies exist dealing with the persistence of anti-HBs after primary immunization or analyzing the response to a booster dose after anti-HBs has dropped below 10 miu/ml [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] , there is no systematic investigation assessing determinants for waning immunity.Persistence of anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml and response to booster vaccination 19,21,23 may be related to vaccine dosage, [27][28][29][30] beginning of the primary vaccine regime (at birth or later in infancy), 22,28,29,[31][32][33] timing of the last vaccination of the primary series (ie, the gap time between last and preceding dose), 4,33 numbers of vaccine doses given as primary vaccine series 4 and use of plasma-derived or recombinant vaccines. 4,8,11,19,28,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Finally, both parameters may also be influenced by the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the population and the HBsag carrier status of the mothers in the country.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Persistence of anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml and response to booster vaccination 19,21,23 may be related to vaccine dosage, [27][28][29][30] beginning of the primary vaccine regime (at birth or later in infancy), 22,28,29,[31][32][33] timing of the last vaccination of the primary series (ie, the gap time between last and preceding dose), 4,33 numbers of vaccine doses given as primary vaccine series 4 and use of plasma-derived or recombinant vaccines. 4,8,11,19,28,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Finally, both parameters may also be influenced by the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the population and the HBsag carrier status of the mothers in the country.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

Schönberger

Riedel²,

Rückinger³

et al. 2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: the duration of protection after hepatitis B vaccination in early infancy is unclear and may be related to vaccination schedule, dosage, vaccine type and population characteristics. Factors potentially influencing waning immunity were assessed. Methods: a systematic review was performed. the main outcomes were prevalence of anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10 miu/ml after primary or booster vaccination. Factors potentially influencing protection were assessed in an adjusted random-effects meta-analysis model by age for both outcomes. results of both meta-analyses were combined in a prognostic model. Results: Forty-six studies reporting on the anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10 miu/ml 5 to 20 years after primary immunization and 29 on booster response were identified. the adjusted meta-analyses identified maternal carrier status (odds ratio [Or]: 2.37 [1.11; 5.08]), lower vaccine dosage than presently recommended (Or: 0.14 [0.06; 0.30]) and gap time between last and preceding dose of the primary vaccine series (Or: 0.44 [0.22; 0.86]) as determinants for persistence of anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10. a lower vaccine dosage was also associated with failure to respond to booster (Or: 0.20 [0.10; 0.38]). the prognostic model predicted long-term protection of 90% [77%; 100%] at the age of 17 years for offspring of noncarrier mothers vaccinated with a presently recommended dose and vaccination schedule. Conclusions: Based on meta-analyses, predictors of waning immunity after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy could be identified. a prognostic model for long-term protection after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy was developed.Key Words: hepatitis B, infant vaccination, booster, long-term protection, determinants of protection (Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013;32: 307-313) A lthough hepatitis B vaccination is highly effective, vaccination failures leading to acute [1][2][3][4][5] and sometimes chronic infection [5][6][7][8] have been observed. although infections occurring within a short time interval after vaccination are likely to reflect primary vaccination failure 1,4 due to nonresponse, those occurring after decades are likely to reflect secondary vaccination failure due to waning immunity. anti-hepatits B antibodies [anti-HBs] ≥ 10 miu/ ml either after primary vaccination or as response to booster if the antibody concentrations have fallen below are widely accepted marker of protection after hepatitis B vaccination. 9-11 immunity against hepatitis B gives protection against infection and protection against disease. 12-14 Protection against infection is based on the presence of anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml. after vaccination against hepatitis B, the proportion of individuals with anti-HBs ≥10 miu/ ml is highly dependent on the time elapsed since primary vaccination. individuals whose anti-HBs concentrations dropped below a level of 10 miu/ml are not protected any more against infection with hepatitis B virus. However, they are not at risk of hepatic disease as long as they have hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsag)-spe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

Schönberger

Riedel²,

Rückinger³

et al. 2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Studies suggest that higher HBsAg formulation of HBV vaccines may be associated with faster seroconversion rates and higher peak antibody levels, as well as improved sero-protection rates in populations difficult to immunize. [28][29][30] Since 2012, Chinese authorities abolished 5 mg HBV vaccines and defined 10 mg HBV vaccines for use in neonates, infants, and children up to and including 15 years of age. The 20 mg dose of HBV vaccine was intended for use in subjects 16 years of age and older.…”

Section: Immunization Strategies For Children and High Risk Populatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy vaccination against Hepatitis B in China

Liao

Liang²

2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Hepatitis B (HB) is a serious public health problem in China. Up to now, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination was the most cost-effective way to prevent HBV infection. Since 1992, when the Chinese government prioritized implementing the HBV vaccinations for newborns, China began to see a larger reduction in HBV infections. For children under 5 years, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has decreased to 1.0%. However, many additional challenges for the prevention and control of HBV infection in China remain. There is a lack of knowledge of the significant impact of the HBV vaccination for the general public with 93 million HBV carriers and chronic HBV patients as infection sources. Therefore, the HBV vaccine application should focus on the optimization of immunization strategies according to HBV prevalence characteristics, improve the public's knowledge of HBV vaccinations, and help to ensure the protective effects of the HBV vaccine.

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“…In India, an area with intermediate HBV endemicity, such decline of antiHBs response is expected to be more pronounced. However, despite the disappearance of anti-HBs, such immunized individuals continue to be protected against clinical illness as well as chronic HBV infection on exposure to this virus [15][16][17]. Thus, the proportion of children in the immunized cohort who are protected against HBV infection would be expected to be higher than the observed prevalence of anti-HBs antibody in this group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine in childhood immunization program in India: A retrospective cohort study

et al. 2014

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Objective: To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunization program in a field setting in India.Design: Serological survey of retrospective cohorts of children, vaccinated or not vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. Results: Anti-HBs positivity was higher among immunized than in unimmunized children (53% vs.18%; P<0.001), and anti-HBc positivity was lower (1.1% vs 10.8%: P<0.01). HBsAg positivity was low in both the groups (0.15% and 0.17%; P=0.855). AntiHBs positivity rate declined with increasing age. Conclusions:Administration of hepatitis B vaccine as part of Universal immunization program led to anti-HBs in a large proportion of children and a reduction in anti-HBc positivity, a marker of hepatatis B virus infection. These data provide evidence supporting efficacy of hepatitis B immunization program in an Indian field setting, justifying the decision to include it in the universal immunization program.

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Lifelong protection against hepatitis B: the role of vaccine immunogenicity in immune memory

Cited by 187 publications

References 47 publications

Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

Strategy vaccination against Hepatitis B in China

Effect of inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine in childhood immunization program in India: A retrospective cohort study

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