“…This informal learning is closely associated with incidental learning "that is entirely unplanned, unintended (and often unconscious) and is the casual by-product of other activities" 9) . In Africa, non-formal education plays a significant role in promoting lifelong learning and reaching the most underprivileged and marginalized groups 10) . However, the *1 Graduate student, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, M.Eng.…”