Lifelong Impact of Variations in Maternal Care on Dendritic Structure and Function of Cortical Layer 2/3 Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Offspring

Smit-Rigter, Laura A.; Champagne, Danielle L.; Hooft, Johannes A. van

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005167

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Instead, we hypothesize that P15 is a novel, single-day sensitive period for IPSC plasticity in L4, triggered by deprivation begun early in development. The timing of this sensitive period may be fixed, or may be influenced by external factors in our experiments like progressive reduction in litter size, or potential changes in maternal care related to stress [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whisker Deprivation Drives Two Phases of Inhibitory Synapse Weakening in Layer 4 of Rat Somatosensory Cortex

et al. 2016

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Inhibitory synapse development in sensory neocortex is experience-dependent, with sustained sensory deprivation yielding fewer and weaker inhibitory synapses. Whether this represents arrest of synapse maturation, or a more complex set of processes, is unclear. To test this, we measured the dynamics of inhibitory synapse development in layer 4 of rat somatosensory cortex (S1) during continuous whisker deprivation from postnatal day 7, and in age-matched controls. In deprived columns, spontaneous miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) and evoked IPSCs developed normally until P15, when IPSC amplitude transiently decreased, recovering by P16 despite ongoing deprivation. IPSCs remained normal until P22, when a second, sustained phase of weakening began. Delaying deprivation onset by 5 days prevented the P15 weakening. Both early and late phase weakening involved measurable reduction in IPSC amplitude relative to prior time points. Thus, deprivation appears to drive two distinct phases of active IPSC weakening, rather than simple arrest of synapse maturation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whisker Deprivation Drives Two Phases of Inhibitory Synapse Weakening in Layer 4 of Rat Somatosensory Cortex

et al. 2016

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“…Neuronal survival in the adult dentate gyrus , dendritic length of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and dentate gyrus granular cells, the spine number of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and dentate gyrus granular cells and synaptophysin and neural cell adhesion molecule levels are all increased in adult offspring from high LG‐ABN dams. However, dendritic complexity and spine density in layer II/III neurones of the somatosensory cortex were found to be reduced in high LG‐ABN offspring indicating that maternal care can have different effects on dendritic complexity in different brain areas.…”

Section: Consequences Of Postnatal Stress On the Brain And Behaviour mentioning

confidence: 96%

The Consequences of Early‐Life Adversity: Neurobiological, Behavioural and Epigenetic Adaptations

Maccari

Krugers

Morley‐Fletcher

et al. 2014

J Neuroendocrinology

311

223

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During the perinatal period, the brain is particularly sensitive to remodelling by environmental factors. Adverse early-life experiences, such as stress exposure or suboptimal maternal care, can have long-lasting detrimental consequences for an individual. This phenomenon is often referred to as 'early-life programming' and is associated with an increased risk of disease. Typically, rodents exposed to prenatal stress or postnatal maternal deprivation display enhanced neuroendocrine responses to stress, increased levels of anxiety and depressive-like behaviours, and cognitive impairments. Some of the phenotypes observed in these models of early-life adversity are likely to share common neurobiological mechanisms. For example, there is evidence for impaired glucocorticoid negative-feedback control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, altered glutamate neurotransmission and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis in both prenatally stressed rats and rats that experienced deficient maternal care. The possible mechanisms through which maternal stress during pregnancy may be transmitted to the offspring are reviewed, with special consideration given to altered maternal behaviour postpartum. We also discuss what is known about the neurobiological and epigenetic mechanisms that underpin early-life programming of the neonatal brain in the first generation and subsequent generations, with a view to abrogating programming effects and potentially identifying new therapeutic targets for the treatment of stress-related disorders and cognitive impairment.

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“…Further support to the idea that the main effects elicited by early postnatal handling are mediated by maternal behavior alterations stems from those studies comparing the behavior of adult animals that experienced different levels of maternal care during their first weeks of life. (289,464,504). Perhaps the most elegant proof of a causal relationship between maternal behavior and emotional and cognitive development in the offspring are the results of cross-fostering studies showing that the adult phenotype of a litter is strictly dependent on the amount of care provided by the adoptive mother, not by the biological one (156,289).…”

Section: Influence Of Maternal Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Environment and Brain Plasticity: Towards an Endogenous Pharmacotherapy

Sale

Berardi

Maffei

2014

Physiological Reviews

338

281

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Brain plasticity refers to the remarkable property of cerebral neurons to change their structure and function in response to experience, a fundamental theoretical theme in the field of basic research and a major focus for neural rehabilitation following brain disease. While much of the early work on this topic was based on deprivation approaches relying on sensory experience reduction procedures, major advances have been recently obtained using the conceptually opposite paradigm of environmental enrichment, whereby an enhanced stimulation is provided at multiple cognitive, sensory, social, and motor levels. In this survey, we aim to review past and recent work concerning the influence exerted by the environment on brain plasticity processes, with special emphasis on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms and starting from experimental work on animal models to move to highly relevant work performed in humans. We will initiate introducing the concept of brain plasticity and describing classic paradigmatic examples to illustrate how changes at the level of neuronal properties can ultimately affect and direct key perceptual and behavioral outputs. Then, we describe the remarkable effects elicited by early stressful conditions, maternal care, and preweaning enrichment on central nervous system development, with a separate section focusing on neurodevelopmental disorders. A specific section is dedicated to the striking ability of environmental enrichment and physical exercise to empower adult brain plasticity. Finally, we analyze in the last section the ever-increasing available knowledge on the effects elicited by enriched living conditions on physiological and pathological aging brain processes.

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Lifelong Impact of Variations in Maternal Care on Dendritic Structure and Function of Cortical Layer 2/3 Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Offspring

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Whisker Deprivation Drives Two Phases of Inhibitory Synapse Weakening in Layer 4 of Rat Somatosensory Cortex

Whisker Deprivation Drives Two Phases of Inhibitory Synapse Weakening in Layer 4 of Rat Somatosensory Cortex

The Consequences of Early‐Life Adversity: Neurobiological, Behavioural and Epigenetic Adaptations

Environment and Brain Plasticity: Towards an Endogenous Pharmacotherapy

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