Lifelong caloric restriction prevents age-induced oxidative stress in the sympathoadrenal system of Fischer 344 x Brown Norway rats

Whidden, Melissa A.; Kirichenko, Nataliya; Halıcı, Zekai; Erdös, Benedek; Foster, Thomas C.; Tümer, Nihal

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.051

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Normal aging is associated with increases in circulating catecholamines (88), an effect that is associated with the induction of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in the adrenal medulla (99). CR has been shown to attenuate the expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes (57) and reduce oxidative damage to the adrenal medulla (205). However, it is not clear whether long-term CR reduces circulating catecholamine levels (123).…”

Section: Effects Of Calorie Restriction On Cardiac Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Caloric restriction: powerful protection for the aging heart and vasculature

Weiss

Fontana

2011

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

173

120

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Research has shown that the majority of the cardiometabolic alterations associated with an increased risk of CVD (e.g., insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and inflammation) can be prevented, and even reversed, with the implementation of healthier diets and regular exercise. Data from animal and human studies indicate that more drastic interventions, i.e., calorie restriction with adequate nutrition (CR), may have additional beneficial effects on several metabolic and molecular factors that are modulating cardiovascular aging itself (e.g., cardiac and arterial stiffness and heart rate variability). The purpose of this article is to review the current knowledge on the effects of CR on the aging of the cardiovascular system and CVD risk in rodents, monkeys, and humans. Taken together, research shows that CR has numerous beneficial effects on the aging cardiovascular system, some of which are likely related to reductions in inflammation and oxidative stress. In the vasculature, CR appears to protect against endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness and attenuates atherogenesis by improving several cardiometabolic risk factors. In the heart, CR attenuates age-related changes in the myocardium (i.e., CR protects against fibrosis, reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis, prevents myosin isoform shifts, etc.) and preserves or improves left ventricular diastolic function. These effects, in combination with other benefits of CR, such as protection against obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, suggest that CR may have a major beneficial effect on health span, life span, and quality of life in humans.

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Section: Effects Of Calorie Restriction On Cardiac Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Caloric restriction: powerful protection for the aging heart and vasculature

Weiss

Fontana

2011

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

173

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…7). Moreover, levels of enzymes involved in the metabolism of catecholamines have been shown to be increased with aging in the medulla [10,11,12], thus potentially worsening the situation. Interestingly, adjacent tissues can be affected as well, as exemplified by the zona reticularis of the AC in our study (fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, less is known about aging-induced structural changes in the AM, the catecholaminergic part of the gland. However, at the molecular level, it has been shown that levels of catecholaminergic enzymes are increased upon aging in the medulla of rodents [10,11,12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catecholamine Metabolism Induces Mitochondrial DNA Deletions and Leads to Severe Adrenal Degeneration during Aging

et al. 2016

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Background: Aging is a multifactorial process characterized by organ loss of function and degeneration, but the mechanisms involved remain elusive. We have shown recently that catecholamine metabolism drives the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in dopaminergic cells, which likely contribute to their degeneration during aging. Here we investigated whether the well-documented degeneration and altered function of adrenals during aging is linked to catecholamine production in the medulla followed by accumulation of mtDNA deletions. Material and Methods: We analyzed adrenal medullary and cortical samples of both murine and human origin covering a wide range of ages for mtDNA deletion content, mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial and cellular integrity as well as aging-related tissue changes such as fibrosis. Results: Indeed, we demonstrate in mice and humans that the adrenal medulla accumulates a strikingly high amount of mtDNA deletions with age, causing mitochondrial dysfunction in the adrenal medulla, but also in the cortex, accompanied by apoptosis and, more importantly, by severe inflammation and remarkable fibrosis. Additionally, a concomitant and dramatic loss of medullary and cortical cells is observed in old animals. Conclusion: Our results show that accumulation of mtDNA deletions, and the ensuing mitochondrial dysfunction, is a hallmark of adrenal aging, further strengthening the hypothesis that catecholamine metabolism is detrimental to mtDNA integrity, mitochondrial function and cell survival. Moreover, the cell loss potentially induced by mitochondrial dysfunction could explain the decline in adrenal hormonal and steroidal secretion during aging.

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“…Increased level of MDA refl ected tissue damage (28), SOD and GSH are key anti-oxidant defense system enzymes to detoxify reactive molecules or repair the resulting damage in the cell (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of grape seeds extract protection against paracetamol renal cortical damage in male Albino rats

Hafez¹,

Rifaai²,

Elzaher³

2017

BLL

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the possible protective role of grape seeds extract (GSE) in ameliorating the toxic effects of paracetamol overdose on the rat renal cortical tissue. BACKGROUND: Paracetamol is one of the widely used non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Unfortunately, it was reported as the most common cause of toxic ingestion in the world. Grape seeds extract (GSE) is known to have a strong antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory properties. METHODS: The rats were divided into 4 groups; control group, GSE group, paracetamol group and GSE with paracetamol group. Kidney specimens were processed for biochemical, histological and immunohisto-chemical studies. RESULTS: The study showed marked biological changes in the form of signifi cant increase in serum urea and creatinine levels with signifi cant decrease in renal superoxide dismutase with paracetamol group. Furthermore, Proximal (PCT) and distal convoluted tubules showed marked degeneration, dense nuclear staining, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and partial loss of the brush borders. Most tubules were dilated, irregular and were fi lled with hyaline casts. PCT and DCT showed less PAS reaction and more COX-2 and caspase expression if compared with the control and the GSE groups. Concomitant administration of grape seeds extract with paracetamol revealed a noticeable amelioration of these biochemical and histological changes. Proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed less PAS reaction and more COX 2 and caspase expression if compared with the control and the GSE. Concomitant administration of GSE with paracetamol revealed a noticeable amelioration of these biochemical and histological changes. CONCLUSION: Grape seeds extract provided biochemical and histo-pathological improvement in paracetamol induced renal cortical toxicity. These fi ndings revealed that this improvement was associated with a decrease in oxidative damage and apoptosis (Tab. 1, Fig. 7, Ref. 55). Text in PDF www.elis.sk. KEY WORDS: grape seeds extract, paracetamol, renal cortex and superoxide dismutase.

show abstract

Lifelong caloric restriction prevents age-induced oxidative stress in the sympathoadrenal system of Fischer 344 x Brown Norway rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Caloric restriction: powerful protection for the aging heart and vasculature

Caloric restriction: powerful protection for the aging heart and vasculature

Catecholamine Metabolism Induces Mitochondrial DNA Deletions and Leads to Severe Adrenal Degeneration during Aging

Mechanism of grape seeds extract protection against paracetamol renal cortical damage in male Albino rats

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