Lifelong antiretroviral therapy or HIV cure: The benefits for the individual patient

Buell, Kevin G; Chung, Christopher; Chaudhry, Zain; Puri, Aiysha; Nawab, Khizr; Ravindran, Rahul

doi:10.1080/09540121.2015.1074653

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…To date, although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is employed to treat HIV/AIDS patients and control viremia effectively, ART can not completely eliminate integrated proviral DNA [ 2 , 16 ]. Therefore, AIDS is still currently incurable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HEK293T Cells Are Heterozygous for CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation

Jia

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a receptor for chemokines and a co-receptor for HIV-1 entry into the target CD4+ cells. CCR5 delta 32 deletion is a loss-of-function mutation, resistant to HIV-1 infection. We tried to induce the CCR5 delta 32 mutation harnessing the genome editing technique, CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, CRISPR and CRISPR associated protein 9, Cas9) in the commonly used cell line human embryonic kidney HEK 293T cells. Surprisingly, we found that HEK293T cells are heterozygous for CCR5 delta 32 mutation, in contrast to the wild type CCR5 cells, human acute T cell leukemia cell line Jurkat and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 cells. This finding indicates that at least one human cell line is heterozygous for the CCR5 delta 32 mutation. We also found that in PCR amplification, wild type CCR5 DNA and mutant delta 32 DNA can form mismatched heteroduplex and move slowly in gel electrophoresis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HEK293T Cells Are Heterozygous for CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation

Jia

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Some have expressed hope that HIV stigma would vanish with HIV cure because once the condition is curable, negative perceptions of HIV would disappear and individuals living with HIV could stop experiencing stigma, simply by escaping HIV (Buell et al, 2016; Choi, Steward, Miege, Hudes, & Gregorich, 2016; Chu et al, 2015). A majority of our MSM interviewees expressed similar optimism about the impact of an eventual HIV cure on HIV-related stigma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming HIV Stigma? A Qualitative Analysis of HIV Cure Research and Stigma Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV

Zhang

Babbitt

et al. 2017

Arch Sex Behav

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Despite global progress in HIV stigma reduction, persistent HIV stigma thwarts effective HIV service delivery. Advances in HIV biomedical research toward a cure may shift perceptions of people living with HIV and HIV stigma. The purpose of this study was to examine how men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in Guangzhou, China perceive HIV cure research and its potential impact on MSM and HIV stigma. We conducted in-depth interviews with 26 MSM living with HIV about their perceptions of HIV cure research and the potential impact of an HIV cure on their lives. Thematic coding was used to identify themes and structure the analysis. Two overarching themes emerged. First, participants stated that an HIV cure may have a limited impact on MSM-related stigma. Men noted that most stigma toward MSM was linked to stereotypes of promiscuity and high rates of sexual transmitted diseases in the MSM community and might persist even after a cure. Second, participants believed that an HIV cure could substantially reduce enacted, anticipated, and internalized stigma associated with HIV. These findings suggest that a biomedical cure alone would not remove the layered stigma facing MSM living with HIV. Comprehensive measures to reduce stigma are needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment of HIV is lifelong, embracing frequent clinical evaluation and follow-up [ 5 ]. During long-term exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART), individual patients may experience treatment-associated adverse events or drug toxicities [ 5 ]. Long-term exposure to ART may increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities such as lactic acidosis, osteopenia, dyslipidemia, and glucose metabolism disorders (GMDs) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of glucose metabolism disorders among People Living with HIV on combination antiretroviral therapy

Tadesse

Adankie²,

Shibeshi³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Objective We investigated prevalence and predictors of glucose metabolism disorders (GMDs) among People Living with HIV (PLWH) on efavirenz- and atazanavir/ritonavir-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Methods This cross-sectional study involved adult PLWH on efavirenz- (n = 240) and atazanavir/ritonavir-based (n = 111) cART. The prevalence of GMDs was determined by fasting serum glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment. A logistic regression model was used to determine predictors. Results The overall prevalence of GMDs for all regimens was 27.6% (97/351) [95% CI 23.0–32.6%] s, with 31.1% (75/240) [95% CI 25.4–37.5%] for efavirenz-based and 19.8% (22/111) [95% CI 12.9–28.5%)] for atazanavir/ritonavir-based cART group. The prevalence of impaired fasting glycemia was significantly higher (p = 0.026) in the efavirenz- [(15.4%) (37/240); 95%CI (11.1–20.6%)] than atazanavir/ritonavir-based [(7.2%) (8/111), (95%CI (3.2–13.7%)] cART. However, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance between the two regimens. Age ≥46 years old and specific type of ARV contained in cART, such as TDF, were independent predictors of GMD in both groups. Whereas the male gender and BMI category were predictors of GMDs among EFV-based cART group, AZT- and ABC- containing regimens and triglyceride levels were predictors in the ATV/r-based group. Conclusions GMDs were highly prevalent among adults on EFV- than ATV/r-based cARTs. Age ≥46 years and TDF-containing cARTs are common predictors in both regimens. Close monitoring for impaired fasting glucose during long-term EFV-based cART is recommended for early diagnosis of type-2 diabetes and management.

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Lifelong antiretroviral therapy or HIV cure: The benefits for the individual patient

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

HEK293T Cells Are Heterozygous for CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation

HEK293T Cells Are Heterozygous for CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation

Overcoming HIV Stigma? A Qualitative Analysis of HIV Cure Research and Stigma Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV

Prevalence and predictors of glucose metabolism disorders among People Living with HIV on combination antiretroviral therapy

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