Lifecycle performance assessment of fuel cell/battery electric vehicles

Hwang, Jenn Jiang; Kuo, Jenn‐Kun; Wu, Wei; Chang, Wei Ru; Lin, Chih Hong; Wang, Song En

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.12.148

Cited by 72 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The average European electricity mix -modeled according to the ''440-ppm scenario'' in [73], but excluding implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) due to its currently doubtful perspectives in Europe -is expected to cause substantially lower environmental burdens by 2030 than today, mainly due to a major fuel switch from coal to natural gas as well as increasing renewable generation. Since electricity and hydrogen supply can -depending on generation technologies used -represent important contributors to overall life cycle burdens [5,8,17,77], the impact of different production technologies on the LCA results is further analyzed. Vehicle life cycles are split into several stages (cf.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental performance of current and future passenger vehicles: Life cycle assessment based on a novel scenario analysis framework

et al. 2015

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental performance of current and future passenger vehicles: Life cycle assessment based on a novel scenario analysis framework

et al. 2015

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“…Several studies dedicated to the comparison of environmental impacts of FCV exist (Sørensen and Roskilde 2000;Pehnt 2002;Zamel and Li 2006;Schafer et al 2006;Kromer and Heywood 2007;Bandivadekar et al 2008;Simons and Bauer 2011a;Hwang et al 2013;Bartolozzi et al 2013;Bauer et al 2015). The differences in scope and underlying assumptions of these studies lead to a large variety in results (Nordelöf et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated environmental and economic assessment of current and future fuel cell vehicles

Miotti

Hofer

Bauer

2015

Int J Life Cycle Assess

134

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Purpose Light-duty vehicles contribute considerably to global greenhouse gas emissions. Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) may play a key role in mitigating these emissions without facing the same limitations in range and refueling time as battery electric vehicles (BEVs). In this study, we assess the environmental impacts and costs of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system (FCS) for use in light-duty FCVs and integrate these results into a comparative evaluation between FCVs, BEVs, and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Methods We conduct a detailed life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost assessment for the current state of the technology and two future scenarios for technological development. We compile a detailed and consistent inventory for the FCS by systematically disassembling and integrating information found in cost studies. For the vehicle-level comparison, we use models to ensure that vehicle size, performance, and fuel consumption are unbiased between vehicle types and consistent with the scenarios for technological development.Results and discussion Our results show that FCVs can decrease life cycle greenhouse gas emissions by 50 % compared to gasoline ICEVs if hydrogen is produced from renewable electricity, thus exhibiting similar emission levels as BEVs that are charged with the same electricity mix. If hydrogen is produced by natural gas reforming, FCVs are found to offer no greenhouse gas reductions, along with higher impacts in several other environmental impact categories. A major contributor to these impacts is the FCS, in particular the platinum in the catalyst and the carbon fiber in the hydrogen tank. The large amount of carbon fiber used in the tank was also the reason why we found that FCVs may not become fully cost competitive with ICEVs or BEVs, even when substantial technological development and mass production of all components is assumed. Conclusions We conclude that FCVs only lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions than ICEVs if their fuel is sourced from renewable energy, as is the case with BEVs. FCVs are an attractive alternative to ICEVs in terms of vehicle performance criteria such as range and refueling time. However, the technological challenges associated with reducing other environmental impacts and costs of FCVs seem to be as large, if not larger, than those associated with the capacity and costs of batteries for BEVs-even when not taking into account the efforts required to build a hydrogen infrastructure network for road transportation.

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“…Recently, many issues have been discussed with regard to the reliability and durability analysis of FCE. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Wu et al 14 reviewed the degradation and failure modes of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and its components. Yuan et al 15 assessed durability test protocols for PEMFC and analyzed fuel cell degradation mechanisms to enable the development of novel materials that could improve fuel cell durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical dependency analysis of multiple competing failure causes of fuel cell engines

Chen

Zheng

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O:

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Given the current strict regulations on fuel emissions, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have been considered as ideal nonpolluting vehicles. As the kernel subsystem of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the fuel cell engine, which is a complex system, may fail because of multiple competing failure causes. In fuel cell engine reliability engineering, discriminating and measuring dependency among multiple failure causes is an urgent problem that should be addressed. This study proposes a statistical dependency analysis model under competing risks based on reliability field data of fuel cell engines. The multivariate lognormal distribution is employed to model joint failure distribution. Then, using simulated annealing algorithm to estimate the parameters of the conditional probability likelihood function. Moreover, p-value hypothesis test procedures are developed to determine the significance of the dependence degree among multiple competing failure causes. In this article, the failure mechanisms of fuel cell engine are comprehensively discussed to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Results can provide technical support for studies on optimal maintenance strategies.

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Lifecycle performance assessment of fuel cell/battery electric vehicles

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

The environmental performance of current and future passenger vehicles: Life cycle assessment based on a novel scenario analysis framework

The environmental performance of current and future passenger vehicles: Life cycle assessment based on a novel scenario analysis framework

Integrated environmental and economic assessment of current and future fuel cell vehicles

Statistical dependency analysis of multiple competing failure causes of fuel cell engines

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